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  2. Volume 7, Issue 11
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Online ISSN: 2515-8260

Volume7, Issue11

Efflux Pump Mediated Resistance to Fluconazole in Candida glabrata in Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Patients

    Eman A Abd-Alrahman, Mohamed A El-Mokhtar, Ayman S Yassin, Amani Thabit, Abdelati Manal, Rawhia Fathy

European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, 2020, Volume 7, Issue 11, Pages 7224-7241

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Abstract

Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a common fungal infection that affects the female genital system. Resistance to antifungals is an emergent problem world­wide.  
We aimed to detect the prevalence of different Candida species associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis, determine their antifungal susceptibility pattern, and evaluate the molecular mechanisms associated with Fluconazole resistance. 
Methodology: This study included 300 patients. Candida species have been identified phenotypically. Antifungal susceptibility was tested using a disc diffusion method. The molecular mechanisms of Fluconazole-resistance were determined by analyzing the expression levels of Fluconazole target, efflux pump and efflux pump-regulator genes by RT-PCR. 
 Results:  Candida spp were detected in 75/300 (25%) of cases. The most frequently isolated species was C. albicans (61.8%), whereas the predominant species of non-albicans was C. glabrata (29%). Nystatin was the most effective agent. Fluconazole-resistance was observed markedly in C. glabrata (54.5%), and efflux-pump was the predominant mechanism of resistance, which was associated with overexpressed CgPDR1, CgCDR1 and CgSNQ2 genes. Upregulation of the efflux-pump genes and their regulator were associated with cross-resistance to different azoles.  
Conclusion: C. glabrata is a common cause of non-albicans vulvovaginal candidiasis. The majority of clinical resistance in C. glabrata is attributed to the upregulation of efflux-pump genes.  
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(2021). Efflux Pump Mediated Resistance to Fluconazole in Candida glabrata in Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Patients. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, 7(11), 7224-7241.
Eman A Abd-Alrahman, Mohamed A El-Mokhtar, Ayman S Yassin, Amani Thabit, Abdelati Manal, Rawhia Fathy. "Efflux Pump Mediated Resistance to Fluconazole in Candida glabrata in Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Patients". European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, 7, 11, 2021, 7224-7241.
(2021). 'Efflux Pump Mediated Resistance to Fluconazole in Candida glabrata in Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Patients', European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, 7(11), pp. 7224-7241.
Efflux Pump Mediated Resistance to Fluconazole in Candida glabrata in Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Patients. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, 2021; 7(11): 7224-7241.
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