European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Maternal-fetal attachment is an imperceptible connection and maintain a bond between mother and baby in her womb which is considered an important part of fetal development and this attachment can be affected by different factors. In India, in which the mortality rate for women is 130 per 100,000 live births and the neonatal mortality rate at 25.4 deaths per 1,000 live births that makes it 12th worst among the 52 lower-middle-income countries. Healthy Maternal-fetal attachment may serve to allow women to adopt optimal health practices earlier, thereby on a larger scale contribute toward reduction of obstetric maternal and child morbidity and mortality. The objective of the study: To identify the factors affecting the maternal fetal attachment during pregnancy. Material & Method: Qualitative approach was used and the research design adopted was hermeneutic phenomenology. Data was collected from 25 samples. Sampling technique used was non probability purposive sampling technique. The tool consisted of demographic profile and a guiding questionnaire. The data was collected through one to one in-depth interview and field notes. To ensure the trustworthiness of the data credibility, transferability and dependability was done. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics i.e. frequency and percentage for demographic variables and thematic analysis for determining essential codes, sub-themes and themes through content analysis and derived the factors affecting the maternal-fetal attachment. Results: Out of 25 women, 92% of women are in 18-25 years of age group, 60% did education upto secondary education, 56% are home maker, 48% monthly family income is rs. 18,983 to 31589/- , 96% of women doesn’t have any history of significant illness, no history of surgery in all of them, 80% were between 36weeks 1 day to 40 weeks period of gestation, all of them get information regarding antenatal care, from health personal, 12% get information from magazine also, 48% from television and all of them either from internets, friends and relatives. 88% of them had a history of either nausea or vomiting, 4% heart burn, 16% backache, 8% breathing difficulty and 8% oedema. Total 10 themes and 40 sub themes are identified from which 10 factors are identified which affects the maternal-fetalattachement during pregnancy.

Title: A descriptive study to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding optional vaccine among mothers in selected health care centres of Pune city. Objectives: To assess the knowledge and attitude of mothers of under five children regarding optional vaccine. Material and Method: A quantitative descriptive research design is used in this research study. The study was conducted in Health care centres of Pune city, India.A Non-probability Purposive sampling technique was used. Total 300 samples of mothers of under five children were included in the study. Self-structured questionnaire was prepared to assess the knowledge regarding optional vaccine. A Four Likert scale was used to assess of attitude regarding optional vaccine. Mothers filled up the knowledge and attitude questionnaire for 20 to 30 minutes. The pen and paper technique was used for data collection.  The collected data were analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Spearman’s correlation test was used for the correlation of knowledge and attitude of optional vaccineand Chi- square test was used to associate the demographic variables with knowledge and attitude regarding optional vaccine. Results: Data shown that majority of the mothers of under five children had adequate knowledge regarding optional vaccine 210 (70%), 70 (23.3%) had poor knowledge and only 20 (6.7%) had good knowledge. The mean of knowledge score of mother was 8.5 and SD was 2.7. Majority of the mother had positive attitude 232 (77.3%) and 68 (22.7%) had negative attitude regarding optional vaccine.The findings of the study revealed that knowledge of mothers of under five children regarding optional vaccines was having significant association with their selected demographic variables viz. age, education, type of family and family income. Conclusion: The finding of the research study revealed that this emphasizes on more responsibility of health care professionals, especially nurses in empowering the mothers of under five children with knowledge to prevent infectious diseases among children.

Introduction: Emotional well being relates with capabilities of the adolescent to cope with normal stress in life and work contributes to the work productively. Mindfulness training enhances and influences the psychological well being. Adolescents face many challenges in present era. They often have difficulties in coping with many advanced skills. It is recommended to strengthen this phase of emotional and mental well-being. Mindfulness based stress reduction is positively related to improved well being of an individual.  The Aim of the present study was to study the effectiveness of mindfulness on the emotional well-being in adolescents.      
Material and method: Prior to the initiation of the study, Ethical approval was taken. The study employed quantitative approach and Quasi experimental design. Students from Junior colleges from Pune, Maharashtra were recruited in the study. The participants of the study fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study protocol. The study and the control group included 50 participants each, and the samples were selected by purposive sampling technique. The tool consisted of demographic and emotional wellbeing questionnaire. The pre-test was conducted on both the groups. The intervention was given to study group fo a period of 10 days in morning for 25-30 minutes. Whereas the control group did not receive any intervention. Results: Mindfulness intervention significantly improved the emotional well-being score in study group. 46 samples exhibited good score of emotional well being in study group and in control group it was 39. Demographic variables like gender, type of family, Number of siblings and standard showed significant association with the emotional well-being score in the study group. Whereas in control group,  the no such association was found in pre test analysis. Conclusion: Mindfulness can be beneficial in reducing stress and increasing emotional well-being of adolescents.

Introduction: Job satisfaction of the ASHA worker naturally depends on the economically, social and cultural conditions. ASHA worker who cannot get a sufficient wage will face with the problem of maintaining his or her family’s life. This problem puts the ASHA worker far from being satisfied. ASHAs have expressed dissatisfaction with the incentives and expectations of better or regular pay in previous research studies. The aim of the study is to assess the level of job satisfaction among ASHA workers in rural areas in the selected districts of Maharashtra and to find association between levels of job satisfaction with selected demographic variables. Material and Methods: A quantitative survey approach with non experimental research design was used .The participants were ASHA workers who had consented to participate in the study. A total of 200 ASHA workers were selected through Non-Probability Purposive Sampling. Data was collected by using job satisfaction scale and categorized under High, Moderate and Low Satisfaction level. Data was analyzed by using descriptive &inferential statistics. In that frequency, mean, SD, & Chi square test were included. Results: Majority (58.5%) of ASHA workers had low job satisfaction level. 26% of them had moderate level of satisfaction and 15.5% of them had reported high level of job satisfaction. Age and Educational status were found to be associated with the level of satisfaction as Chi-square calculated value (Age, Educational status: 27.12, 50.08) was more than the table value (Age, Educational status: 23.98, 23.98). Conclusion: It is concluded that large number of ASHA workers were not satisfied with their working condition, incentives, workload, leave policy and there by not satisfied with their job. The study can be replicated on large samples on other health care professionals working in different districts of Maharashtra and across India.

Introduction: Hospitalization can bring lots of emotional changes in children and their families. Children may find different routines, strange faces; limited family contact and it will produce anxiety in children. Title: A quasi experimental study to assess the effectiveness of Art therapy on level of anxiety among hospitalized children in selected hospitals of Pune city. Objectives: To assess the level of anxiety among the children in experimental and control group. To determine the effectiveness of the art therapy on level of anxiety. To compare the effectiveness of art therapy on the level of anxiety among the children in experimental and control group. Material and methods: In order to achieve the desired goal of the study Quantitative research approach with Quasi experimental Non- equivalent pre test post test control group design was used for the study. Using Non- probability purposive sampling technique 60 hospitalized children both males and females having age group of 3-6 years and admitted first time in the hospital were selected and sample was distributed in two groups (30 each in control and experimental group). Data collection was accomplished by using tool five facial anxiety scales. Data was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The findings shows that in experimental group the test p-value was < 0.001 so there was statically difference between the median score of the pre and post test facial anxiety scale. Whereas in control group the test p value was 0.405, it shows that there is no significant difference between median score of the pre and post test facial anxiety scale. Conclusion: The study findings show that reduction in the level of anxiety after administration of Art therapy. Nurses have to play important role to participate in art therapy in reducing the anxiety of hospitalized children

 Depression is a common mental disorder which has been a centre of consideration of researchers in India as well as in the world. It is more common in women than men. It is estimated that by the year 2020 if current trends for demographic and epidemiological transition continue, the burden of depression will increase to 5.7% of the total burden of disease and it would be the second leading cause of disability-adjusted life years.  . And one in six people (16.6%) will experience depression at some time in their life. The aim of this study is to assess the level of depression among depressed patients in selected  hospitals and rehabilitation centres, with the aim to assess the level of depression among depressed patients in selected rehabilitation centres and hospitals of Pune city.
Material & Method: A descriptive study was conducted on 120 samples admitted in selected rehabilitation centers and hospitals. The samples were recruitment using through non probability purposive sampling techniques. Beck’s Depression Inventory consisting of  21 multiple choice self report inventory questionnaire was used to assess the level of depression among depressed patients from selected rehabilitation centres and hospitals .
Result: Out of 120 Samples majority 71.7% were in the moderate level of depression (score 21-30), 20% obtained the borderline (score 17 -20), 3.3 % were in the mild level of depression (score 11-16) where as 5% were in the severe level of depression.
Conclusion:
Study analysis showed thatthat majority 71.7% were in the moderate level of depression (score 21-30), 20% were in the borderline (score 17 -20), 3.3 % in the mild level (score 11-16) where as 5% are in the severe level of depression.

TheIndianstockexchangeisatechniquethatusestheassetsoffamilybusinessestobuyorsellofferstoraisef unds.Therearetwotypesofpeopleonthestockexchange,oneisaninvestorandtheotherisanoccasionalspe culator,ineachcasecalledanintradaybroker.Intradaysuggestsbuyingandsellingyoursharesatasimilart ime.Ingeneral,intradaybrokershavemoreadvantagesthanlong-termhigh-riskauditors.ThisCovid19situationhasparalyzedtheentireeconomy,forcingpeopletostayathome.Manyofthemlosttheirposition s,whichledtothemearningmoneyinpublicplaces.Duringthisincident,morethan9LakhsDemataccounts wereopened.Basically95%ofretailbrokershaveproblemsandusetheircapitalbecausetheydon'tundersta ndthebrainscienceoftrading.Thestockmarkethasadirectimpactonsocietyasitgraduallyeliminatesalarg enumberofbuyersandsellersatthesameintersectionandallowsthemtomeettheirneeds.Itinvitespublicor ganizationstomobilizeresourcestoexpandorstartanotherbusiness,reflectingthecolossalturnofeventsa ndtheprogressoftheeconomy.However,theproblemforpeopleinsuchametronetworkisthelackofrealinf ormationandthedifficultyofconveyingthetendencytoinvestinthestockmarket.Thisistheinspirationfort hisevaluationadventure.

Corona virus is a pandemic that spreads mainly through contact with any person when they cough and sneeze. Covid-19 pandemic started in China and is then spreading in the world, which is the main cause of large number of deaths (40,598 deaths, 1st April 2020). Covid-19 is a disease in which a person has respiratory disease with symptoms such as severe fever and difficulty in breathing in more severe cases. To prevent the epidemic, many countries also initiated a lockdown process to prevent the number of infections of the disease. This lock down ordered by the government severely affected the lives of the Arabs. And at the same time became a major cause of economic collapse. This is the reason why the country with the highest covid-19 transition recorded a high increase in unemployment. This paper calculates the impact of Covid-19 for affected countries worldwide and their tourism industry. This paper is mainly based on covid-19 in India which analyzes the impact it has had on tourism and hotel industry. Tourism and hotel industry is suffering from covid-19 crisis worldwide. India is the largest country in the world which is rich in various tourism resources, millions of tourists come here annually, which makes a significant contribution to the GDP of the country. Some initial steps need to be taken to overcome the current slowdown in the eco-tourism industry. This paper analyzes their long-term impact.

Machine learning is the advanced methodology to solve the issues related to the real world. The problems of the real-world can be solved with the help of medical science, where plenty of varied solutionscan be found for a particular problem. Implementation of the QNN (Quantum Neural Networks) is the best way to solve the problem of identification of diseases. Quantum machine learning is divided into two distinct parts. The first part describes the concept of Quantum data, which is data formed in the natural quantum system or an artificial system. The second method is the Hybrid model which is an advanced version of quantum science machine learning. QML is a better way to analyse the disease relations. The symptoms of the disease can also be analysed using the machine learning model.An advanced level of QNN has been applied here, which is of utmost importance for analysing thesymptoms affecting the person. A chain of prescribed processes has been identified forthe proposed methodology. The accuracy achieved thereafter, in identifying the disease relations using machine learning, was quite high. QCN (Quantum Communication Networks)worked recorded approximately 93% accuracy in identifying the disease symptoms and treatment relations.

The advancement in technology has brought in lot of changes even in the world of shopping. Internet has started playing an important role in facilitating the consumers find the items which they are looking for online. With the emergence of social media platforms and Instagram in particular which has turned into a major shopping platform amongst the youth. With more and more viewers turning to Instagram influencers, their associated trust and their intention to purchase after being fascinated by them and Nowadays, companies are trying their best to establish and retain strong presence on social media platforms and Instagram being the go-to platform in order to keep the consumers aware of the latest trends. The concept of Influencer marketing is pretty new and still picking its pace in the marketing process and it being related to the human intentions for purchase. The current study is aimed at exploring the various marketing techniques by the Instagram influencers, thus having an impact on the consumer decision making process in the world of online selling of products. The study also analyzes the significant impact of employing various users such as celebrities, bloggers etc. and its effective reach. The present study analyzes the responses from 200 female respondents from India and their key influences in the purchase decision process.

The introduction of Implantable device in the early 1960s, the IMD have become more interesting for Human care services. Currently, the devices designed and proposed to monitor the biological data and signals from inside the human tissue have greater promises. The major contribution to illness is prevention, diagnosis and therapy. The Implantable device in a few days, a miniaturized antenna is proposed to work in the ISM band. The resonant frequency of the antenna design is about 2.4 – 2.5 GHz. A combination of a Meandered and Sharp Edged Meandered shape on a patch design is proposed for biotelemetry applications. The structure of the antenna is designed to meets the satisfied requirements. The simulation is done with CST MW studio is used to calculate the reflection coefficient about –25.941 dB and -31.941 dB between 2.0 GHz to 3.0 GHz. The results obtained with various parameters, the proposed Patch Antenna has a gain which the Meandered is 1.927 dB and the Sharp Edged Meandered Patch is 2.02 dB. The design of a Proposed Antenna is a need because the antennas are operated inside the human body. The proposed design obtains good results towards the requirements.

Optimization of Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing is investigated by various preceding exploration worksby decreasing congestion as well as shortest path.The performance of the network is affected by the flooding perception in OSPF. It results in additional congestion besides further propagation time.Commonly, maximum of the nodes will conversein the Flooding in addition to Packet Forwarding mechanism. If the packet forwarding is not done then it is branded as selfish node.The throughput and performance in the communication is declined by Selfish node. Malicious nodesamend the path in addition it drops the packetwith determination. The decreases in the throughputand performance of the network as well as the escalation of the delay is occurred by malicious nodes. The decrease Flooding, Selfish nodes and malicious nodes in the network is the stimulus behind the recommended effort. This in turn increases the Throughput as well as Routing Optimization of the network.

This research was conducted to understand the influence of work related stress on the performance of school teachers in the state of Kerala. Data were collected from a sample of 308 teachers working in various Government, Aided and Unaided schools, affiliated to the State Board or CBSE or ICSE. Teachers from Pre-Primary, Primary and Secondary Sections were included in the survey. Survey was conducted using questionnaires, seeking information on the socio educational background, job details, opinion on the current organization, self assessment of their personality, work ethics, expectation on work life balance, compensation, job satisfaction, Student teacher relationship, teaching style etc. The study reveals that stress has an adverse role on the performance of teachers. Researchers believe that the study would help the authorities concerned, in understanding the working conditions, job expectations and preferences of the teachers and the various factors that contribute to their occupational stress and the impact of stress on their performance.

Anemia is a serious public health concern in most of the developing countries and modern literature indicates that there has been a significant growth in its rates, especially among the population with lower living standards. These cases increase social tension among population and arise numerous medico-biological problems which may lead to CND (Chronic Non-communicable diseases). Additionally, it is a common knowledge that drug addicted part of the population are predisposed to IDS (Iron Deficiency Syndrome) and IDA (Iron Deficiency Anemia).
  The development of unfavorable epidemiological conditions in relation to iron deficiency states in the population of drug addicts is to varying degrees associated with the above 27 risk factors and 6 pathological conditions. The presence of alimentary (6), behavioral epidemiological (6), lipid (3), non-lipid biochemical (3) and microelementous (3) factors, as well as associated pathological conditions (6), significantly often leads to the formation of IDS and increases the relative the risk of developing a continuum from them.
 

Background: Good plaque control is an important factor in the maintenance of dental health during fixed appliance therapy.The present study was conducted to compare manual orthodontic, powered and sonic toothbrushes in patients undergoing fixed orthodontics. Materials & Methods: The present study was conducted on 60 patients undergoing fixed orthodontics of both genders. Patients were divided into 3 groups of 20. Group I patients were given manual orthodontic brushes, group II patients were given powered brushes and group III patients were given sonic powered brushes. Parameters such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and interdental bleeding index were recorded at baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks recall visits after fixed appliance bonding. Results: The mean plaque index at baseline in group I was 1.18, in group II was 1.14 and in group III was 1.12, at 4 weeks was 1.06, 1.05 and 1.04 in group I, II and III respectively, at 8 weeks was 1.05, 1.04 and 1.04 in group I, II and III respectively. Difference within the group was significant (P< 0.05). The mean gingival index at baseline in group I was 1.10, in group II was 1.08 and in group III was 1.09, at 4 weeks was 1.06, 1.06 and 1.05 in group I, II and III respectively, at 8 weeks was 1.06, 1.05 and 1.05 in group I, II and III respectively. Difference within the group was significant (P< 0.05). The mean bleeding index at baseline in group I was 1.22, in group II was 1.19 and in group III was 1.20, at 4 weeks was 1.14, 1.08 and 1.11 in group I, II and III respectively, at 8 weeks was 0.12, 0.08 and 0.07 in group I, II and III respectively. Difference within the group was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Authors found that sonic tooth brushes were effective in reducing all parameters followed by powered and manual brushes.

Agriculture is the important process of cultivating food and some other materials. The necessity of the agriculture is more. In Tamil Nadu, large amount of agricultural lands are available. Especially in hilly region some kind of special vegetables are cultivated. It includes carrot, beet root, potato, raddish, etc,. Some of those vegetables are washed with water before it comes to the market for sale. The surrounding of Ooty contains nearly 240 washing plants. Each plants are using more than 5000 litres of water in a single day to wash carrots. This waste water is directly mixed with water bodies like river. It may cause water pollution, soil erosion, growth of micro-organisms like bacteriae. So it needs to be recycled and reused for the same or various purpose. As the advanced technologies for the recycling or treatment process are economical, an alternate change is needed. The raw sample of carrot cleaning water is collected from Ketti Palada of Nilgiri District. This water is first coagulated with some natural coagulants such as Lime Powder, Aluminium Sulphate, Ferric chloride, Industrial Grade Alum, Powdered Stone Alum (Potash Alum) and the turbidity content is tested. As the turbidity decrement is better when coagulate with the powdered stone alum (potash alum), it is chosen to use in the natural filter media set up. This natural filter media set up contains a PVC pipe having 135mm diameter and 700mm height, cotton layers, aggregate (10mm and 20mm in size) layers, river sand, filter paper and potash alum. The basic tests for both raw and treated water have done and the results are compared. These tests include pH, Turbidity, Calcium hardness, Total hardness, Total dissolved solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Sulphate, Nitrate, Phosphate, Chloride and coagulation tests. Another overhead tank contains normal tap water for backwash purpose. This treatment process is effective and low cost.

Artificial intelligence in Healthcare is revolutionizing the medical industry by providing a helping hand. AI in healthcare is changing the game with its applications in decision support, object detection, image analysis, solving complex problems, and patient triage. This study discusses how AI technologies such as deep learning, neural networks, and machine learning help in clinical decision making and diagnosing process. It also includes how a complex algorithm is developed using the deep learning and neural networks in making clinical-decisions to be precise and how easily it handles the high dimensional medical data. Similarly, it shows how Machine learning is used in automatic analysis of medical images and identifying diseases at its earlier stage. Various diagnostic studies like radiology, clinical observations like MRI, EEG, ECG, selection of antibiotics, orthopedics, retinal analysis, etc. These studies also illustrate cognitive technology and Nuance which is used to maintain the medical records and perform power diagnosis. The important factor that is required before any diagnosis is the patient history and about the medication what they are undergoing, this can be achieved by maintaining the electronic records (ie)EHR in the cloud using IoT, which can be retrieved at anytime. EHRs play a major role in identification and treatment of cancer and this data can be updated in the learning process of AI as they are updated each time. This study also depicts how smart devices can be used to alert the patient regarding their abnormality. It also discusses about how wearable sensors play a significant role in monitoring the post surgery patients and avoid complications and readmission. It is concluded that AI plays major in all the areas like detection, diagnosis, treatment and also further follow ups.

Peter Carey’s new novel His Illegal Self exemplifies his career obsession with double lives, fakery and the breaking of rules-legal, moral and personal. Carey is a thoroughly modern writer, smashing genre boundaries, ranging in tone from wild comedy to grim tragedy, viewing the past with a decidedly contemporary eye and firmly placing the late twentieth century adventures like My Life as a Fake, Theft: a Love Story and His Illegal Self in social and cultural contexts.

With the adoption of new technologies and the explosion of information, turned traditional library into digital one. Social Networking Sites are one of major factor of new technology which importance is growing up rapidly. Libraries are the collectors of knowledge and information and its works as a connector of information and information seeker. Social Networking sites are helping the users to access the information at least time. SNS generates an atmosphere where one can exchange their idea to others through internet. Social Networking Sites helps in becoming the world into a global village. Library activities and professionals have been upgraded due to growth of SNS. This article gives importance on various social networking sites using in the library, advantages and challenges of SNS. This article also discusses important of Social Networking sites in the library. It also includes the data collected from the user feedback of Gauhati University.

Women are the pillars of the society. Though their contribution to the social, political and economical plethora is not given priorities, their contribution to the household activities can’t be denied by anyone. Due to the existing gender roles in the society, women are always expected to be within the four walls of their own homes. Perhaps, this results in more inclination of women towards the environment. Because women rely on environment for their household chores- starting from cooking to relaxing. Women are the best collectors of natural resources. They depend on natural resources such as water, trees, land etc for their household chores. Hence, the loss of environment directly impact the lives of women. This paper tries to show the relationship between women and environment, various environmental movements etc.

Marine macroalgae or seaweed associated bacteria gains much importance because of its crucial role in the production of certain compounds that are found to be active against various pathogenic bacteria and cancer cells. In this study the antagonistic, antibacterial and anticancer potential of marine macroalgae associated bacteria were analysed. 14 epiphytic and 6 endophytic bacterial strains were isolated. Among the isolated bacteria 3 strains showed antagonistic activity against Staphylococcus aureus and 1 strain showed activity against Escherichia coli. Antibacterial potential of seaweed associated bacteria revealed that the bacterial extracts have the potential to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. Further the strains also inhibited the proliferation of SK-MEL-28 cell line in a dose dependent manner.

Library is considered as a backbone of an institution supported the teaching and learning process of an institution. Library provides assistance to access the information to its users. It is important that the chief of the library is highly qualified and also able to provide all the related information to the users. This paper highlights the social status of college librarians, their activities, job satisfaction, status satisfaction and how teaching faculty thinks about them. The main purpose of this paper is to find out the social status of college librarians and their satisfaction level. This is a survey based paper and the data are collected from the librarians as well as the teaching faculty of the respective colleges. Questionnaire and personal interview techniques are use for the collecting the required information. The result of this research shows that the social status of college librarian is impressive. And the librarians satisfied with it. .

The present world is data world; without this data cannot survive in present stage. This data produced more from social media; this media data is public data; This public data not have good security; so to overcome this issue we apply the Salsa method. This method easily hack the data from the hackers. RBJ32 method has 5 steps. 1. Applying the key and multiply that key; 2. To apply the prime number in the S 2 and T 2 ; 3. To calculate the EA1 and EA2; 4. To swap the EA1 and EA2 in matrix EnA; 5. Apply the column operations. The proposed method provides good security while comparing with Salsa method.

The current world is information world; without this information can’t make due in present stage. This information created more from web- based media; this media information is public information; This public information did not have well security; so we applying the proposed method and it has 3 steps; 1. Using prime numbers in quadratic equations; 2. Prime and non-negative integer number used to swap the numbers; 3. Column operations execution; The new method gives well security when contrast to Salsa method.

The current world is information world; without this information can’t make due in present stage. This information created more from web- based media; this media information is public information; This public information did not have well security; so we applying the proposed method and it has 2 steps; 1. Using prime numbers in quadratic equations; 2. Prime and non-negative integer number used to swap the numbers; The proposed method gives well security while comparing with Salsa method.

The shocking worldwide transmission of COVID-19 has encouraged many governments to interfere to avoid the spread of the infection. Medical tourism is a growing phenomenon with policy implications for health systems, particularly of destination countries. Medical tourism, a rapidly growing market, has been recognized by many countries as a potential sector for economic diversification. Although Singapore stands out as one of the top destinations of medical tourism, investigation regarding its competitiveness has been limited and narrow in scope. This case study takes a quantitative approach to identify and analyze the factors that position Singapore as a competitive medical tourism destination. Based on a holistic approach, this study has shown that integrating diverse strategies for medical tourismdevelopment with sound government policies and proactive management practices have led to significant positive outcomes towards mutual success of tourism and healthcare sectors of Singapore. Additionally, the study provides strategic insights to drive lasting improvements in medical tourism, exchange rare and service sectors through efficient management and intelligent utilization of resources in tourism sector.

Brain tumour detection is very popular in the area of medical image processing. This is due to the sensitivity of brain functionality and inter structure. Any kind of ignorance towards the problems related with brain may cause serious impact on human life/life style. Therefore, early detection or diagnosis of abnormalities or tumours helps the doctors and patients to rectify the brain related health problems. The images are obtained through scanning techniques which are very common. Images obtained from the scanning needs to be segmented carefully for the future analysis and damage control procedures. In this paper, a detailed review on different types of segmentation techniques proposed by various authors is studied and compared for a clear understanding of existing segmentation techniques. They are tabulated to summarize different methodologies, segmentation techniques, and existing processes for further studies on Brain image segmentation. Finally, a brief understanding towards deep learning techniques is studied in this paper to understand their role in modern era for automated segmentation process.

The present world is data world; without this data cannot survive in present stage. This data produced more from social media; This media data is public data; This public data did not have well security; so we applying the Salsa method. This method easily hack the data from the hackers. RBJ31 method has 4 steps. 1. Applying the secret key and multiply that key; 2. To apply the prime number and calculate the S 2and T 2 ; 3. To calculate the EA1 and EA2; 4. To swap the EA1 and EA2 in matrix EnA. The proposed method gives well security while comparing with Salsa method

Talk about common sense has gained serious attention among scholars and philosopher in the history of the human civilization. Start from classical times to the present. The study made a lot of sense and logic based on experiments alone. The result is very diverse, but there is another one to contradict each other. This is not surprising because the study relied only makes sense, whereas the standard sense of belonging to the human ability not the same. This paper also tries to discuss about common sense through the verses of the Quran by focusing to the function of common sense, common sense things that prevent a true bear and the name and nature of the mind that there is in the Quran. Data were analyzed by content analysis method. The study found that intellection is reveal the greatness of God, meditate on yourself, study the flora and fauna, take a lesson from the past, understand the meaning of the Qur'an and appreciate life and wit are polluting akhirat. The blind imitation method, by the thought and desire, and a rush of thinking. While a name and nature of common sense in the Qur'an is albab, absar, Nuha, Hijr and Ahlam. The study is expected to be one of the sources for the students in finding information about the sense in the Qur'an and in addition the knowledge of the public, researchers and academics in enriching the mind with the knowledge that comes out of the Quran.

Mental health is the most important aspect that humans must have, not a few among people who are physically fit but suffer from mental illness. This study analyzed the concept of mental health from the Daradjat perspective in developing adolescent character and the influence of religion on mental health in developing adolescent character. To achieve the objectives of this study, a study of literature related to the research theme was used, therefore the source of this research was Daradjat's works, both directly related to mental health and other fields, the data obtained from these sources were analyzed using a semiotic approach. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the mental health resources offered by Daradjat are those from religion, if humans practice their religion properly and correctly, they will have a healthy mentality. Adolescents as individuals often experience mental illness which results in damaged character, adolescent character can be fostered with a religious approach, mentality and character have an inseparable relationship with one another.

Every human being is endowed with physical and spiritual elements. The physical element comes from the ground. Meanwhile, the spiritual element comes from His Spirit. The physical element has needs called biological needs, while the spiritual element also has needs such as advice, dhikr, prayer and worship. Between the physical and spiritual elements, both of them can influence each other. When the physical influence is stronger then the spiritual element will dim. However, if the spiritual element is stronger, then the spirit will strengthen the body. To live a human life requires intelligence. Because it is with intelligence that humans can live and live life in an orderly and directed manner. Allah created man with a mind, so that with human reason he could think about what was right and what was wrong, that was intellectual intelligence. Intellect is what distinguishes humans from animals and plants. With the human mind can live dynamically, innovatively and creatively. Allah also provides humans with hearts, so that humans can feel what is good and what is bad. So that humans can recognize what they feel and what others feel. So that he can live wisely, that is what is called Emotional intelligence. Then Allah also provides humans with a holy soul. This holy soul is the link between man and his god, keeping a holy soul is meant to maintain a relationship with his god. People who are always connected to God are spiritually intelligent people, whose holy souls will be reflected in their daily behavior. So that humans can recognize what they feel and what others feel. So that he can live wisely, that is what is called Emotional intelligence. Then Allah also provides humans with a holy soul. This holy soul is the link between man and his god, keeping a holy soul is meant to maintain a relationship with his god. People who are always connected to God are spiritually intelligent people, whose holy souls will be reflected in their daily behavior. So that humans can recognize what they feel and what others feel. So that he can live wisely, that is what is called Emotional intelligence. Then Allah also provides humans with a holy soul. This holy soul is the link between man and his god, keeping a holy soul is meant to maintain a relationship with his god. People who are always connected to God are spiritually intelligent people, whose holy souls will be reflected in their daily behavior.

Addiction to internet cyberspace technology, like Facebook, Twiter, Messenger, Line, WhatsApp, which attacks many online behavior excessively, especially among teenagers. Addicted to schools, Even Internet home offices cannot stop her craving home. Young said cyberspace labeled online did a lot of harm, losing control of explaining what the internet used and its life was. An internet addict, like alcohol or other alcoholic drinks, instead turns to spending hours even in full on the internet as a substitute for extreme addiction, days in front of a safer computer. Likewise, teenagers in Margo Mulyo Village have started to love the progress of the virtual world from the dependence on games that exist in the world of information and technology in the form of cellphones and online game tools in internet cafes. The Bentiring Self-Migration Settlement, which has been inhabited since 1983, began with the village of Bentiring to become the location for a pilot project for independent transmigration based on requests from the community.

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the influence of collegial communication on organizational commitment and the implications for the performance of nurses at the Regional General Hospital dr. Soekardjo City of Tasikmalaya. The method used in this research is a descriptive, explanatory method. The population in this study were nurses at the Regional General Hospital dr. Soekardjo Kota Tasikmalaya with a total of 271. The sampling technique used proportionate random sampling. The number of samples used in this study was 76 people. The results showed that collegial communication with nurses at RSUD Dr. Soekardjo City of Tasikmalaya is excellent. Organizational commitment to nurses at Dr. Soekardjo City of Tasikmalaya is in a relatively good category. The performance of nurses in Dr. Soekardjo Kota Tasikmalaya is in a suitable type. There is an influence of collegial communication on organizational commitment and its implications for nurses' understanding at Dr. Soekardjo City of Tasikmalaya. Thus, Dr. Soekardjo needed to improve internal communication, especially in the vertical communication between subordinates and superiors. Improvement can be in the form of conducting regular meetings (meetings).

The article shows separation of combinations of words reproduced in the language in the finished form, was originally necessary to separate the fixed phrases from the combinations, naturally and regularly formed in speech. And also the fund of phraseological units of the military theme of the English language is very extensive; therefore, we will consider the classification of phraseological units.

This article discusses the importance of word choice and synonymy in different context. It is hard work of linguiststo focus the core of the word and to see extraordinary harmony of the word. Misunderstanding the true meaning of synonyms can cause not only undermine the accuracy of speech but also creates inaccuracies in punishing in law sources. In order to achieve the accuracy of the speech, it is necessary to use the appropriate terms and words that are combined expressive words from the lexical layer of our language, which is rich in different forms to understand the meaning of the words.

The article presents the results of research work on biological treatment of domestic wastewater using aquatic plants formed at the "Bekabad city treatment facilities" in the city of Bekabad, Tashkent region. The results show that of the 4 aquatic plants tested, pistachio, eucorinia, azalea and duckweed, pistachio and eucalyptus were found to be water resistant. Experiments carried out in the laboratory showed that pistachios and eucalyptus were 100% in the water variant, 25%, 50% better than in the aquifer (even in the control variant), and had a high yield - 100%. Airborne pollutants - phosphates, chlorides, sulfates, nitrites and nitrates, was significantly reduced compared to other concentrations, and the demand for biochemical oxygen was satisfied by 90%, the color of the waste water became clear, the smell disappeared with use, and the pH became neutral. Pistachio is more water resistant than eucalyptus and has a higher absorption of pollutants. Therefore, we continued experimenting with pistachios to test wastewater treatment at the Bekabad water treatment plant. The results of testing the effectiveness of biological treatment of pistachio plants in the biological basin of the treatment facilities "Bekabad city wastewater treatment plants" show that pistachio plants contain less than 85% of the total amount of water, the chemical content of which is less than 80%. 90%, CBT was up to 92%, and the cleaning efficiency was 95%. The results of the above studies are the basis for the possibility of using pistachios in the process of cleaning domestic wastewater.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health burden with high economic costs and an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in healthy systems (CVD). Nevertheless, in the development of atherosclerosis, chronic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are critical events; both are present in CKD and HD patients. Thrombomodulin (TM) is a transmembrane glycoprotein originally located on the vascular endothelium that is expressed on the cell surface. In natural human anticoagulation systems, TM on vascular endothelial cells is a significant molecule. In atherosclerosis, TM has specific impacts on cell proliferation, adhesion and inflammation, all of which are essential measures. Aims: The aim of the present study is to detect the relationship between thrombomodulin and atherosclerosis in chronic kidney disease patients. Materials and Methods Thrombomodulin (TM) was assessed in blood specimens of 38 patients with CKD (19 patients with CKD who did not begin HD (Group 2) and 19 patients with CKD who were on regular HD for more than 6 months (Group 1) and compared to 19 control subjects (Group 3) (Control Group). Results: The mean value of Thrombomodulin (TM) in the control group (430.2±102), the mean value in the CKD predialysis group (521.1±198) and The mean value in the CKD on HD group (729.4±513),thus The mean values Thrombomodulin (TM cells in CKD on HD group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P=0.00), and The mean value of Thrombomodulin (TM) was higher in the CKD group for HD than in the CKD group for predialysis, and there was a substantial difference among the CKD group for predialysis and the CKD group for HD (P=0.00), but there was no substantial difference among the CKD group for predialysis and the control group (p=0.4). There is a high significant direct correlation between Thrombomodulin (TM) and CIM in the studied groups r=(0.618)and p(<0.01). .Conclusions: In CKD patients, not only is Thrombomodulin (TM) strongly extended, but this expansion is correlated with preclinical atherosclerosis. In the CKD (predialysis and regular HD) groups, there was an independent association between thrombomodulin (TM, age, hsCRP) and IMT.

The medical importance made the honey one of the most significant subjects in a great deal of Research and studies. Now that the structure of honey differed from a type another due to plant source, time of gathering, the kind of bee worker gathering of blossoms. Testing of honey Samples In this research, the ratio of carbohydrates is indicated there was approximated results, it is also define the ratio of reducing and non-reducing sugars for the Samples of the honey bee feeding Christ thorn jujube (Ziziphus Spina Christi) and orange blossoms (Citrus Singensis).

Three genotypes of broad bean (local, Spanish, LOZ DE OTO and Italian FAVA DE ORTO) were planted at the Research Station of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kirkuk in Al-Sayada through the winter agricultural season (2018-2019), at three levels of humic acid (0, 12 and 24 mg.L-1 ) and four levels of iron and zinc (0, 80 Fe, 60 Zn, and 60 Zn + 80 Fe) mg.L-1 ), carried out as factorial experiment using randomized complete block design with three replications, to evaluate the traits: dry seed yield per plant and some of its components from other traits (plant height, number of branches per plant, number of nodes on the main stem, number of pods per plant, pod length, 100 seeds weight, number of seeds per pod), and analysis of the genetic and phenotypic path coefficient between the yield and its components. The results showed that the Italian genotype was significantly surpassed others for most number of traits, including the dry seed yield per plant, followed by the local genotype. It turns out that 20.25, 9.5, 12, 10 and 13.5 mg.L-1 of humic acid gave the highest means of plant height, number of nodes on the main stem, number of pods per plant, 100 seeds weight, and dry seeds yield per plant respectively, and the treatment Zn 60 mg.L-1 gave the highest yield of dry seeds per plant with a non-significant difference from the control treatment. The results of path coefficient analysis showed that the highest direct and indirect effects through other traits genetically were for the traits 100 seeds weight, and pod length, but phenotypically, the direct effects were positive and high for five traits: number of branches per plant, number of nodes, number of pods per plant, pod length and 100 seeds weight, and the indirect effects of the traits number of pods per plant, 100 seeds weight and pod length through other traits being the best, therefore, these three traits can be relied upon as a selection criteria in breeding programs for higher dry seed yield.

In the present era the entire word is being impacted by the Pandemic (Corona Virus), the first case of infection was identified in Wuhan a city of China in December 2019 and from there it was named as COVID-19 which means Corona Virus Disease 2019. Wuhan is an economic city in China with major manufacturing and exports to the entire world. This nature of the city accelerated the spread of the virus throughout the world. As a safety measure the Indian Government decided to implement lockdown in India which resulted in stopping of supply chain of products in the economy and also due to which the common people were also impacted. The lockdown however did not impact the supply of necessary items. In the paper the researcher has discussed the effect of Covid-19 on Consumption Pattern of Salaried Class in the purchase of daily need products. . The study will helpful for the researchers to develop understanding so that they can further develop conceptual models to overcome from this issue.

The article begins with an acquaintance with the modern level of drinking water supply in the world, determining the hydrogeological parameters of the hydrosphere of groundwater in single and double layers, creating algorithms for forecasting and monitoring the dynamics of underground aquifers, and integrating hydrogeological modelling processes. Monitoring issues, statistics and information on research institutions working in this area. The article describes the creation of information and forecast maps of groundwater, comparison of relative level coefficients only on the basis of chronological homogeneous series of observations, monitoring of source consumption for regime characteristics and development of software for determining groundwater levels as average long-term maximum and minimum levels. and its results are presented.

Not only the type of carbohydrates but also the form of their consumption plays a special role in the development of caries. It is more dangerous to eat small amounts of carbohydrates more often than to eat large amounts of carbohydrates at once. They are especially sticky and have a strong carcinogenic effect when eaten between meals. Many of these microorganisms synthesize polysaccharides outside the cell from sugar in food. They, in turn, form the basis of the dentition and ensure that the microbes are firmly entrenched in the dentition.

: The article is devoted to the problem that the system of continuous education in the process of forming communication skills in the Karakalpak language provides for the creation of the necessary conditions for the development of a spiritually rich, socially active personality, able to communicate freely in the state language. The article reveals the need for a deep analysis of the current level of knowledge, abilities and communication skills of children, the level of professional training of teachers; identifying the positive and negative aspects of organizing the pedagogical process and search for new ways to improve the quality of their training, which should help to increase the knowledge of preschool children and primary school pupils, providing a high level of communication in the state language. The article examines the formation of children’s communication skills in the Karakalpak language in kindergarten and primary school, reveals the essence of the concept of communication, speech, language and activity. The article is devoted to the study of the modern communicative method of teaching the Karakalpak language from the perspective of the language picture of the formation of communication skills.

The article discusses the mental state of children aged 5-6 and their opportunities to develop "creative thinking" skills. Considering the beginning of the period of figurative thinking, understanding thinking in children of this age, it is indicated in them that it is expedient to use painting, music and artistic-creative games for the formation of imagination and "creative thinking" skills. For this purpose, the national dances of the Uzbek people can be used, such as "Andijan polka", "Khorezm lezgisi”, reciting epics, listening to maqom, as well as interesting games such as " white poplar - blue poplar, found - ball ". Exercises that stimulate strong emotions and strengthen the imagination of children aged 5-6 years, such as “A trip to the zoo”, “A trip to the garden”, have a positive effect on the formation of "creative thinking" skills. As a result of these exercises, it was recommended to use an "Mind Map", which, according to its structure, resembles a chain structure of neurons that is formed when the brain analyzes data. It is also easier to learn foreign languages (Russian, English, German) by using a mind map. It was also discussed the possibility of using the Mind Map to reach their peers in the field of speech by activating the sensory channels of children with speech defects.

The effects of temperature on seed germination, seed germination energy, and seed yield at different times were studied in the laboratory under 5 species (Origanum vulgare L., Lophanthus anisatus Benth., Hyssopus officinalis L., Lavandula officinalis Chaix., Salvia officinalis L.) belonging to the Lamiaceae family. It was also found that the seeds were lower in field conditions than the germination of seeds sown in autumn and spring. Therefore, it is recommended to sow the seeds of the studied species in the spring in the Uzbekistan climatic conditions.

Adequate screening and identification of the causes of pregnancy failure in each case allows the development of optimal methods for prevention and rational preparation of couples with a history of reproductive losses for subsequent pregnancies and to achieve successful completion of pregnancy

This article develops the following problems and educational technologies related to education including The unique role of physics in human life in the world, the creation of favorable conditions for the lives of all citizens living in our country in the training of technical personnel in higher education institutions, especially technical universities, practical technological and pedagogical processes, professional self-activation, non-standard solutions technologies form the basis of the article in the development of educational technology development education based on a competency-based approach with special emphasis on the professional component

In today's globalization, as in all spheres of society, the family structure has undergone significant changes. This important social process typical of countries in different political structures and at different stages of development. Today, not only the family structure but the attitudes of people to family values have changed. Such changes occur not only in industrialized countries but also in developing countries; however, this process is not going smoothly. For example, in China, which is the world's leading population, the number of family divorces growing faster than in Western Europe, but as in other emerging economies in Asia. Divorces are manifested as a breakdown of family relationships. Causes of family divorces, types of rulings, and specific types of rulings. Triple to avoid problems with the world sociological interest.

 The article studies the process of sorption of molybdenum ions on anion exchangers obtained based on thiourea, epichlorohydrin, and various amines. The regularities of ion exchange and the main properties of the tested anionites are given, the influence of the pH of the medium and interfering ions in the process of sorption of molybdenum ions is studied. The kinetic curves of the sorption process, the values of the diffusion coefficients for the initial periods of molybdenum sorption are given. Based on the kinetic data, the optimal parameters of the sorption process were determined

The article presents the results of determining the activity of beta radiation of radionuclide radon-222 using the MKGB-01 radiometer in the atmospheric air of the city of Termez, Surkhandarya region of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Six samples were taken from different places and the activity of beta radiation was determined in the MKGB-01 radiometer. A small amount of radon-222 was revealed in the atmosphere of the industrial region of the city of Termez

The article studies the determination of the presence of Cs-137 and Sr-90 radionuclides in food with a radiometric method based on beta radiation. The presence of cesium137 and strontium-90 radionuclides in food was experimentally determined. The objects of research were milk, meat, fish, potatoes, carrots, radishes, cabbage, radishes, onions, eggplant, watermelon, and pumpkin. An increased amount of Cs-137 was revealed in fish, cabbage, and watermelon.

The article studies the determination of the presence of Cs-137 and Sr-90 radionuclides in the products of the feed industry using the radiometric method. The presence of cesium-137 and strontium-90 radionuclides in compound feed, haylage, silage, and the meal was experimentally determined. An increased amount of Cs-137 in the compound feed was revealed

The aim is to determine the integration between risk factors for the occurrence of depressive disorders and to develop an algorithm for assessing the degree of risk of post-infarction depression. This study included patients with MI admitted to a cardiological hospital (754 patients). To achieve this goal, patients with depressive disorders were selected from this cohort. Of the total number of patients, 31% (233) had symptoms of depression (main group). For comparative analysis, the control group included patients with MI without depressive disorders - 108 observation units. Statistical data processing was carried out in two stages: 1) preparation for statistical analysis; 2) the actual statistical analysis. To distinguish persons with different risk probabilities, the range is divided into three intervals: the smallest, average, and largest. Accordingly, the prediction groups are also distinguished according to the ranges: a group with a relatively favorable prognosis, a group of attention, a group of an unfavorable prognosis. The use of the prognostic table allows us to identify the degree of probability of the risk of developing DS among patients with MI. It will enable cardiologists as well as primary care physicians to identify the symptoms of DS at earlier stages of myocardial infarction. The development of criteria for assessing the risk of developing DS among patients with MI will allow timely detection of DS and adjust the treatment of patients with MI, taking into account DS. Thus, in the first hours after myocardial infarction after the patient is admitted to the clinic, it is necessary to carry out measures to assess the risk of depressive disorders with the determination of anxiety states, low mood and predisposing factors by a cardiologist, possibly with the appointment of tranquilizers with a pronounced anxiolytic effect. In the first week after myocardial infarction, in the presence of depressive symptoms in patients, it is necessary to consult a psychiatrist for the clinical diagnosis of depression and to determine its severity using the Mothgomery-Asberg scale. If depressive disorders are detected, it is necessary to determine the clinical characteristics (the leading component of the depressive triad, the type of affect, the presence of suicidal components, the severity) of depression and the appointment of appropriate antidepressant treatment, with the agreement of a cardiologist and a psychiatrist at the same time

The study was carried out in 55 patients with bronchial asthma with established disabilities, the features of suicidal thoughts and attempts were studied in this category of patients. Patients with asthma usually have chronic airway inflammation, variable airflow restriction, and intermittent respiratory symptoms. It remains unclear how physical disability can lead to an increased risk of suicidal acts. The purpose of our study to determine the transverse and longitudinal associations between asthma and suicidal ideation, and asthma and suicidal behavior among disabled asthmatics. We hypothesized that asthma would be associated with a significantly increased risk of suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior among physically disabled people. The study was carried out in 55 patients with bronchial asthma with established disabilities, the features of suicidal thoughts and attempts were studied in this category of patients. The age of the patients at the time of examination ranged from 20 to 42 years [mean age 21.1 ± 5.4 years]. Demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, physical and mental health status were compared between patients with asthma and asthmatic disabilities. Compared to disabled asthma patients [n = 34.8], patients with asthma [n = 20.2] were older and had a higher percentage of men 52 [40.7] smokers2 [1.4], and had a lower percentage of alcohol consumption3 [11.3], regular exercise22 [47.9] and less work [all p <0.001]. BA patients with disabilities reported more moderate and severe stress [32.6%] and depressive mood [22.2%] compared with asthma [21.4%, p <0.001; 5.9%, p <0.001]. The proportion of patients with disabilities with asthma who had suicidal thoughts [23.6%] was twice as high as in patients with asthma without disabilities [8.8%, p <0.001]. The number of BA patients with disabilities who had suicidal attempts [1.1%] was three times higher than that of asthma [0.4%, p <0.001]. Multivariate analysis, adjusted for age and sex, showed that ORs for suicidal ideation and attempted suicide were 2.02 [94% Ci 1.88-2.12] and 2.32 [95% Ci 1.86-3.11], respectively. When making additional adjustments for socio-economic factors [eg, family income, education, work and marital status; for suicidal ideation and attempts were 1.89 [95% Ci 1.82-1.86] and 2.14 [92% Ci 1.63-2.65], respectively. After further adjustments for physical health factors [eg, smoking, alcohol, exercise, diabetes, hypertension, stroke, and arthritis; The ORs for suicidal thoughts and attempts were 1.61 [92% Ci 1.58–1.71] and 1.38 [94% Ci 1.35–2.20], respectively. In the final adjusted for all factors, including depressed mood, the ORS for suicidal thoughts and attempts were 1.49 [94% Ci 1.32-1.55] and 1.22 [96% Ci 1.01-1.63], respectively. Disabled BA (bronchial asthma) patients had more depressive moods and suicidal thoughts and attempts than asthma patients by examination. We also found that disability in AD increases the risk of suicidal thoughts and attempts, independent of other factors known to be associated with suicidality, suggesting that asthma itself may be an independent risk factor for suicidality given that a previous suicidal attempt is one of the strongest risk factors for a future attempt. The results may provide a basis for physicians to determine suicidality and provide psychological support, as well as measures to prevent suicide in the management of patients with asthma.

The review presents data on cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. The peculiarity of the clinical course and outcomes of schizophrenia is manifested in impaired ability to plan and maintain targeted strategies, which is the main symptom of cognitive deficit. The data presented in the review on the effectiveness and clinical and social significance of the assessment of the quality of life and the choice of second generation antipsychotics is the main criterion for determining remission in patients with schizophrenia.

Rotating disc electrodes are used to analyze electrochemical reactions in electrochemical cells and various rotating types of machinery. This model contains a system of fully coupled equations. This paper deals with EC′ reaction mechanism arises in Rotating disk electrode. This mathematical model contains system of reactionconvection-diffusion equations. Taylor series method is applied to find the analytical expression of concentration and current. The solutions enable us to obtain the current response in chronoamperometry and steady-state voltammetry and it is beneficial to study the behavior of the system. The obtained results are compared with the numerical simulation. An excellent agreement is observed between the series of solutions obtained by simulation solution. The effect of the parameters on concentration and current are discussed and presented graphically.

This study determined the potential of betel leaf extract as a meat-preserving agent. Specifically, it determined the physical, chemical, and sensory characteristics of the meaty and fatty parts of the extract-treated meat and its colony count after 15, 20, and 25 days. The betel leaf extract was prepared by treating the pulverized dried leaves of the plant with 95% ethanol for 48 hours then evaporating the alcohol using the rotary evaporator. The resulting solution was used to treat the meat cubes at controlled environmental conditions. Results of the experiment revealed that the extract-treated meat was not as effective as the salt-treated meat in inhibiting the growth of bacteria, but this can be remedied by increasing the volume of the extract. Also, no significant difference between the experimental and the control groups was observed in terms of their internal and surface texture, and color but the contrary was observed in terms of their moisture content. The meat treated with the betel leaf extract has a higher moisture content than the salt-treated meat, and this is why it has higher bacterial count since moisture enhances the growth of bacteria. Based on the findings of the study, the following are the recommendations forwarded for the future direction of related studies: (1) the meat should be sliced thinner (1 cm) to allow the extract to penetrate deeply into the tissues, (2) the meat should be immersed in boiling water before the application of salt/betel extract to lessen the bacterial load, (3) the proportion of extract to the meat should be increased while maintaining the ratio of the salt to the meat (example: 300 grams meat: 300 grams extract; 300 grams meat: 100 grams salt), and (4) the experiment should be performed to other meat samples like beef, chicken, fish to maximize the utilization of the extract.

Today the concept of patient satisfaction is rapidly changing to customer’s delight which means the patient is not only cured of his ailments during the hospital stay, but is also pleased with the amenities provided to him by the hospital and its staff during the stay which he fondly remembers after being discharged. Most of the private and government hospital not provide adequate facility to the patient not only this, also having the lot of problem faced by the patient in hospitals. This study focused on problem faced by patient selected hospitals in Tamilnadu in Villupuram Disdrict . A total of 600 respondents were selected in the study area in and out patients were included in the study to know their perceptions towards the public and private health facilities. The major reason of choosing the public health facility was inexpensiveness, infrastructure, and proximity of health facility. From the analysis of the respondents regardless of their social status have expressed the same poor ‘views, but there is a significant difference in the degree of poor opinion across respondents categories by age, sex, education and occupation. It is finally concluded that problems faced by the patient in selected hospitals is significantly better in private hospitals compared to Government hospitals in Villupuram district.

The study dealt with the hypertensive patients' treatment compliance in the selected municipalities in the First District of Ilocos Sur for the Calendar Year 2020. It described the respondents’ treatment compliance on hypertensive medication, follow-up check-up, and lifestyle modification. It also identified the perceived barriers in taking the medication. Lastly, it looked into the significant relationship between the respondents' treatment compliance and their profile, perceived causes, and knowledge of hypertension. The study used the descriptive-correlational method. All the 209 hypertensive patients who sought consultation at the Municipal Health Offies (MHOs) of Caoayan, Vigan , and Sto. Domingo for July and August 2020 served as the respondents. The data were collected using a questionnaire-checklist formulated by the researchers and content validated by a pool of experts. Data were treated through frequency and percentage, mean, and simple linear correlation analysis. A great majority of the respondents are married and with a family history of hypertension. The majority are females and have no family history of cardiovascular disease. A significant percentage are 55-59 years old, high school graduates, unskilled workers, earn monthly of Php 5,000 and below, and have Stage 2 hypertension. Eating of high cholesterol foods was perceived as the number one cause of hypertension. Almost all of the respondents know that hypertension is preventable, curable, fatal, and can lead to a heart attack or stroke complications that are preventable. A person on treatment cannot stop medication after normalizing blood pressure. The respondents’ overall treatment compliance is “Very High,” and they “Moderately Agree” on the cost, symptom experience, work-related, availability/ accessibility, family-related, and personal-related matters as barriers in taking the hypertensive medications. The family monthly income, cardiovascular disease presence, perceived causes, and knowledge of hypertension are significantly related to treatment compliance.

: The study is conducted to identify whether the concept of application of “dual trigger is more useful than the more standard hCG Trigger in the prevention of OHSS and for acquiring and in determining other major aspects such as retrieval of more number of mature oocytes, followed by better fertilization rate, with more usable embryos and better pregnancy outcomes among the two methods. “Dual trigger was first defined as the concept of a combination of drugs i.e GnRH agonist and a low dose hCG to help in triggering final oocyte maturation specially in preventing OHSS in high ovarian responders” “hCG trigger has been since a long time used for triggering oocyte maturation because of its similarity to LH and half life and because it produces a action as similar to in an natural menstrual cycle.

Uterine fibroid is a non-malignant tumour that are most commonly presented in women of reproductive growth age. Clinical symptoms that frequently manifested are heavy menstrual bleeding, recurrent pregnancy loss and subfertility. The causes of development of fibroid is not well understood but strong evidence supported that one of the causes is the combination of action of progesterone and estrogen. Administration of Monosodium glutamate (MSG) for long period of times has reported to induced uterine fibroid in female Wistar rats. Research reviewed includes clinical manifestation, statistics and treatment with types of substance abuse and meeting future challenges in Malaysia. Therefore, medicinal plants extract has been used as an alternative approached to treat uterine fibroid compare to surgical procedures. This review is an effort to update the medicinal plants extract used worldwide to treat uterine fibroid.

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created a global health crisis that has had a deep impact on the way we perceive our world and our everyday lives. COVID-19 also called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019. It was pronounced as a worldwide pandemic by the World Health Organization on 12th March 2020, In Malaysia, a lockdown was announced on 16th March to control the spread of COVID-19. As many universities declared a suspension of classroom teaching and switched to elearning during this lockdown, the lives of students have changed. Being under a lot of pressure to perform academically, students are prone to develop mental health problems. Therefore, the research was conducted to study the impact of lockdown on mental health among students in a private university at Selangor and their relations to the sociodemographic factors. A cross-sectional study using a convenient sampling method was conducted among 619 private university students at Selangor using a self-administered online questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic questions for section A, depression, anxiety, and stress level questions for section B. A validated scoring system by DASS 21 was used.A total of 619 students completed the survey questionnaire. About 65%, 67.21%, and 59.29% of the students reported having depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms respectively. There was a significant association between the stress and the age, gender, family income, and the quality of internet connectivity used by students with a p-value of less than 0.05. Besides, the level of anxiety of the students showed significant association with their family income, residential region, and quality of internet connection while depression was related significantly only with the quality of internet connection. The findings of this study showed that most of the students’ mental health was greatly impacted by the lockdown due to COVID-19. The higher impact of lockdown was obvious to those students with less family income, those who were living in a rural area, and those who used poor internet connection for their online classes..

Background and aim: Transdermal medication conveyance is one of the sort of organization which has been catching eye over the previous years concerning its potential in ailment treatment. The utilized of entrance enhancers which may improve the bioavailability and broaden the scope of medications are concentrated in the organization of transdermal course. Its utilization in this field might be helpful in reversibly lessen the hindrance capacity of the layer corneum, the furthest layer of the skin. For this analysis, the definition and assessment of transdermal patches of Glibenclamide towards improving saturation through the skin and keeping up the plasma focus utilizing different infiltration enhancers have been researched. Materials and methods: The transdermal were set up by the dissolvable throwing strategy utilizing HPMC and PVA as the polymers notwithstanding the dibutylphthalate as a plasticizer. The infiltration enhancers utilized are oleic corrosive, DMSO, D-limonene, and Sodium Lauryl Sulfate. The transdermal patches have been assessed by their physicochemical properties and in-vitro drug release. Results: The transdermal patches appearance were straightforward and smooth surface, no huge varieties of thickness, weight varieties and collapsing perseverance. Among the definitions considered, F4 which has D-limonene as infiltration enhancers demonstrated great attributes with low dampness misfortune and dampness take-up, most extreme medication arrival of 99.713% and medication content with 92.588% ± 0.8541. Conclusion: The current examinations demonstrated the necessary penetration pace of the medications might be accomplished with the guide of enhancers either physical or substance.

The search for using natural product and plant compounds as antimicrobial agents has been increased in the last decades. This study aimed of evaluate the antibacterial effects of Allium Sativum (garlic) extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The garlic were peel and grinded until it turned into puree form. The garlic extracts were homogenized and mixed with distilled water to obtain four dilution concentration; 25% garlic extract, 50% garlic extract, 75% garlic extract and 100% garlic extract. The extract was tested against S. aureus and E. coli. All garlic extracts concentration demonstrated varying degrees of antimicrobial activities against both of bacteria. However, the zones of inhibition obtained using 100% of garlic extract were larger compared with those of lower garlic concentrations against both S. aureus and E. coli. The results suggest that garlic extract highly active antimicrobial components. Further investigation is warranted to improve the extraction methods and to identify the antibacterial activity of garlic extracts against different bacterial species.

The use bee products is know from thousands of years and its usage in treating various pathological condition has been well documented in various religious texts. Apis Mellifera Bee Venom (BV) have 18 pharmacological active compound and is known to treat many diseases such as arthritis and pain. No proven studies of Apis Mellifera Bee Venom on toxicity and peptic ulcer have been carried out. Hence, this study was undertaken to screen BV for acute toxicity and anti-ulcer activity. The Bee Venom was extracted from the bee in a bee farm in Melaka from the bee species of Apis Mellifera. The acute toxicity studies were carried out on mice. Peptic ulcer was induced by 80% ethanol orally and by pyloric ligation. The Sprague Daley rats were pre-treated with bee venom for 7 days via intra-peritoneal (IP). Two different doses of Apis Mellifera Bee Venom, 0.28mg/kg and 0.56mg/kg were used to screen the anti-ulcer activity. The results were evaluated for statistical significant difference by one-way ANOVA with a post hoc Dunnett test. No mortality was witnessed in the animals throughout the treatment for acute toxicity test. Both the dose which is 0.28mg/kg and 0.56mg/kg showed anti-ulcer properties which was evaluated through ulcer index, determination of total acidity and histopathology studies. This result is probably due to the melitin in the Apis Mellifera Bee Venom which reduces the reactive oxidative stress and protects the gastric mucous membrane

During pandemics there is cooperative efforts from the community forces to safe people and nation. The legal authorities regulate some obligations that may be considered by some medical practitioner and people as unethical in normal times. The aim of this study is to review these exceptional legal regulations with discussion from the ethical point of view according to the international code of ethical medical practice. Scientific literatures were reviewed to reach a consensus regarding the discussed issues that include the patients’ isolation and quarantine regulations with its implication on patient rights of autonomy and privacy, the regulations for notification and patient tracing with its implication of patient privacy and confidentiality are discussed. This study explores the ethical practices with the aim to reach consensus for an ethical healthcare strategy that can compile with the needed legal regulations in such exceptional circumstances of worldwide endangering pandemic. It was concluded that legal regulations during combat of pandemic should be designed to keep the patient rights with the community safety in same occasion by cooperation between the healthcare workers and the low enforcement authorities.

Breast cancer (BC) is a serious risk to women's health and became the nation's top cause of death in women. To date, the potential to treat advanced cancer is constrained by a lack of understanding of the precise hub genes. The objective of this study would be to classify hub genes and identify novel biomarkers for designing therapeutic drugs as well as establish prognostically important DEG within upregulated and downregulated expression. There is a total of 433 genes breast cancer which retrieved from GEO database. A proteinprotein interaction (PPI) network was constructed for network analysis using Cytoscape. CytoHubba app in Cytoscape discovered the 6 hub genes. Moreover, GO and KEGG pathway analysis mainly involved cellular component, biological process, biological pathway and molecular function using DAVID database. MYLK, MYH11, PK5, ACTA2, TAGLN and CNN1 were recognized as the hub genes in the network based on MCC scoring method. A comprehensive perspective was provided by the bioinformatics analysis such as Cytoscape, GEO, DAVID to understand the mechanism underlying breast cancer development.

Relative comparison between HR and Power training to see which one was more effective. Purpose: To make a comparative study and determine the more effective methodology of cycling training. Methods: 10 amateur cyclists used different training metric devices i.e. HR Monitor or Power Meters to see the difference in performance after a training period of one month. FTP tests were conducted; results were measured and recorded before and after the 1 month training plan. The percentage improvement in FTP in one month was recorded after the athletes completed their training using Heart Rate training metrics and subsequently Power Training metrics. This sample data was used to calculate mean percentage improvement for HR and Power Training methodologies. Results: Mean percentage improvement for Power training samples was 5.70% and mean percentage improvement for HR training samples was 2.20%. Conclusion: Power training is more effective than HR training for cyclists in terms of training intensity.

Cyclopia or Holoprosencephaly is a type of defect of the forebrain of the embryo in which the right and left halves of Cerebral hemispheres,Thalamus and Hypothalamus are not fused. Scientists accept that various factors like gestational diabetes, exposure to chemicals or toxins may raise the risk of Cyclopia and other forms of Holoprosencephaly. For some infants with Cyclopia, origin recognized as change with a specific gene, their proteins act diversely influence the formation of brain. Recently existing as a result of birth with Cyclopia usually remain for about hardly any hours. In many instances, source unrevealed. Expecting here after that deformities could perhaps cured prior to gestation and Cyclopia able to be prevented.

Hospital wastewater contains increased amounts of antibiotics, disinfectant, and by-products of hospital operations. The indiscriminate discharge of hospital wastewater is considered as a significant sanitation problem and a mode of transmission of diseases. The study evaluated the efficacy of phages as an alternative method for controlling the occurrence of pathogenic bacteria in hospital wastewater. Specifically, it determined (1) the identity of the bacteria isolated from the hospital wastewater; (2) the concentration of the phage lysate that can effectively destroy the pathogens isolated from the wastewater; and (3) if significant difference exists on the effect of the different phage lysate concentrations on the growth and development of the pathogens isolated from the hospital wastewater. The findings of the study show that there were three bacterial pathogens isolated from the hospital wastewater. These were Escherichia coli (Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase positive), Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas putida. These bacteria are all clinically significant as they cause different diseases and is one reason for increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide. The results of the mean plaque forming units per milliliter revealed that Escherichia coli exhibited the highest number of clearing (plaques) in the 100% phage lysate concentration, having a mean pfu/mL of 1.481 x 104 . E. coli was followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, with a mean pfu/mL of 6.307 x 103 and Pseudomonas putida, with a mean pfu/mL of 5.891 x 103 . There is a direct proportional relationship between the phage lysate concentration and the mean pfu/mL. It reveals a positive agreement between these two variables, meaning that as the phage lysate concentration increases, so does the mean pfu/mL, and it happens in all the bacteria isolated. The result of the One Way Analysis of Variance reveals that even if the 100% phage lysate concentration exhibited the highest number of plaque forming units per milliliter, statistical analysis shows no significant difference in the pfu/mL between these bacteria. In conclusion, the presence of bacterial isolates (like Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas putida) in hospital wastewater confirms that the current treatment process of some secondary hospitals is not effective in destroying the clinically infectious pathogens found in the wastewater these hospitals generate. Therefore, treatment of hospital’s wastewater can be achieved by bacteriophages as bio-control agent. For future direction of the study, the researcher recommends to include more wastewater samples to isolate more strains of bacteria. Furthermore, the investigator suggests to identify the bacteriophages present by performing genomic sequencing. Other recommendations include the determination of specific host range of bacteriophages among target bacterial cells, and the promotion of bacteriophage therapy as an alternative way to treat hospital wastewater especially to small health centers and hospitals that cannot afford the establishment of their own water treatment facility.

A mathematical method is a powerful tool for the study of chemical reactions. This model is based on reaction-diffusion equations that contain a non-linear term analogous to the enzymatic kinetics of response of Michaelis-Menten and the hill binding. In this paper, an approximate analytical solution of the non-linear differential equations that describe the concentrations in mass-action kinetics has been derived for all values of parameter using the new homotopy perturbation method. These results are compared with the numerical result, and satisfactory agreement is noted

In diabetes mellitus, the deficiency of trace elements is said to be linked to poor glycemic control and oxidative stress related complications. The deficiency of magnesium and zinc accelerate the disease and its complications. Our study assessed the correlation of serum magnesium and zinc levels with glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: This cross sectional study included 150 study participants. 76 type 2 diabetes patients were cases and 74 healthy participants were grouped to controls. Samples for fasting and postprandial blood glucose, HbA1c, magnesium and zinc were collected and analysed in a fully automated analyser. Data was analysed by Graph Pad Prism software. Results: Cases had higher levels of fasting, postprandial, HbA1c levels as compared to controls with p<0.0001. Cases had significant reduction in serum levels of zinc and magnesium. Zinc and magnesium showed a significant inverse correlation with glycemic control with r values of -0.56 and -0.48 respectively. Conclusion: Low serum magnesium and zinc levels can worsen the complications of disease. So, early detection of its deficiency and supplementation alleviates the disease progression.

Background: In Indonesia so far there has been no standardized instrument for disaster competence, so it is considered important by researchers to develop an instrument for assessing competence in disaster nursing, especially earthquakes and volcanoes, considering that most of Indonesia's regions are prone to disasters. Objective: To develop a non-test (observation) instrument for disaster nursing assessment referring to the ICN competency framework and validate its content based on the expert agreement with the calculation of the Aiken index coefficient. Method: using Design-Based Research by referring to Anderson and Shattuck's model, where through this design the observation instrument is developed in the form of a rubric and its assessment by the rater during the disaster simulation. Results: The results obtained were all items in the valid or very valid category because the V (Aiken) index values ranged from 0-1, while the lowest was 0.75 and the highest was 0.95. For the equipment, the Aiken index for the rubric instrument for the assessment of disaster nursing competence was 0.85 with the high category. Conclusion: The researcher has proven the validity of the instrument content with expert agreement using the Aiken agreement index, or the instrument developed has been proven valid.

The financial management paradigm from the center to the village that has been set for the last 5 years has not been in line with what the government aspires to do. This is shown by the many irregularities in the financial management of village funds. On this basis, this study aims to examine the internal factors that affect the accountability of village fund management. The factors studied included the competence of village officials, understanding of the financial regulations of village officials, motivation of village officials, information transparency, responsiveness of village officials and justice. This study used an explanatory survey approach. Data was collected through a questionnaire with 27 question items to 238 respondents from 36 villages in 4 districts of Bandung Raya. Data analysis used classical assumption test and Lisrell's Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results revealed that the factors of understanding financial rules, motivation, openness and fairness showed a fairly good condition. The competence of village apparatus and the accountability of village fund management is in good condition, while the responsiveness is in poor condition. All internal factors studied have a significant effect on the accountability of village fund management. To improve the accountability of village fund governance, it is necessary to conduct training of village officials, involve the community in village development planning and convey information on the implementation of village development to the community.

The regulation on MSMEs in Indonesia is not yet harmonious and harmonious, due to the emergence of new terms in the business sector such as ultra-micro enterprises and people's business credit, all of which are included in the business sector group. The grouping of MSMEs and large businesses as regulated in the Law on MSMEs has not yet fully integrated the various terms and their regulations. The regulation of business fields that are grouped outside the MSMES has its terms so that there is disharmony in the regulation of MSMEs in Indonesia. The emergence of a stimulus due to the covid-19 pandemic from the government to overcome the downturn of MSMEs has not yet touched other business fields. This stimulus Law number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation has not touched the harmonization of regulations regarding MSMEs. Harmonization of MSME regulations is important, besides the criteria, so that the focus of MSME development and terms that appear that fall into the category of MSMEs can be regulated, transparently, and can be accounted for. The single database mandated by the Job Creation Law is the main factor in harmonizing MSME regulations.

The most crucial issue of money politics in the election is the high cost of contestation borne by candidates in the election process. The study's objective is to analyze the causes of high political costs in regional head elections in Indonesia and the steps to reform the regional election system in the future. The study used a qualitative-descriptive method with a desk study technique, namely examining data sourced from literature and regulations and those related to the elections. The study found that political costs are high in regional head elections because, first, oligarchs control political parties because of the party's power to recruit candidates. In practice, recruiting candidates by political parties and coalitions of political parties are closed, elitist, and undemocratic. Party elites or oligarchs have the power to select and determine candidate pairs to fight in the regional elections. The nomination of candidates is not an arena for contesting capacities and capabilities, but rather an arena for capital struggle, popularity, and closeness to oligarchs or political party elites. Second, there are loopholes in regulations that open up space for high-cost politics, namely (1) a centralized nominating system; (2) Requirements for nomination at the political party level are too high and (3) The requirements for nomination by independent candidates are too stringent. The steps to improve the election system are to enhance the legal framework of the elections, namely institutionalizing the pre-election process, decentralizing the authority of political parties' management, reducing the parliamentary threshold for both parties and independent candidates.

Yoga is performed by many individuals now, the benefits of yoga are known to everyone and so people perform yoga to get benefits from it. Performing yoga for long term health benefits is known to everyone but no study has been conducted to show the effectiveness of performing yoga specific yoga postures for specific medical conditions. Current study puts light on the effect of performing specific yoga poses for specific problems and results obtained after performing yoga.

Higher energy prices rendered membrane-centered gas separation operations of traditional separation techniques much more economically dangerous over the past decades. Several mechanical processes associated with renewable fuels require the usage of membrane-centered partitions. The use of non-polymer molecules in polymeric film demonstrates an effective way to strengthen polymer surfaces for gases separation. A research for option of high-performance polymer matrices membranes, using a combination of atomist and continual modeling was performed in present article. A research of Metal organic frames is carried out. Contrasting and evaluation details for IR also enhanced the versions. The show of Matrimid and number of various polymers for CO2 / CH4 dissociation were also illuminated on unusually sensitive MOF. The technologies available here allow multiple opening doors for selecting variegated matrix film MOF / polymer configurations that provide helpful features to differentiate thickness.

Polluted air is becoming a growing threat to the environment and nutrition. Act to control air pollution emissions has multiplied. Presently, biological methods have been applied all the more as often as possible to control these emissions, on the grounds that they kill a considerable lot of the disadvantages of old style physical–chemical procedures. Diverse waste gases require various systems for ideal and practical cleansing. Biological treatment gives a growing variety of chances for practical and ecologically friendly answers for some waste gas outflows. A critical knowledge and expertise in the field of biological gas purification has been produced in Europe. The developers claim that there are likely to be more than 6.500 frameworks and related frameworks developed in Europe in the field of biological waste gas processing, half of which are used in wastewater treatment and soil fertilization plants. In the most recent five years, this document introduces instances of some interesting developments and new applications of the biological waste gas treatment systems in Europe

Leprosy is a condition that is believed to be caused by Mycobacterium leprae abbreviated as m-leprae. There is no medication known to treat leprosy. However, leprosy progression and transmission can be done by the use of chemoprophylaxis and immunoprophylaxis. The study is a systematic review of available literature on diseases and the preventive measures employed to prevent leprosy. The study question was developed based on prevention, intervention, comparison, outcome, and the study design incorporated in the study. The survey conducted through searches in different medical and nursing databases to get materials relevant to the study. Pubmed, Cinahl, among other databases, were screened to provide documents addressed to the PICOS question. Over three hundred articles were found in the screened databases, but only four were considered for this study. Inclusion and exclusion were based on keywords of the reviews that were found online. Chemoprophylaxis and immunoprophylaxis are essential in preventing the development and progression of leprosy. Chemoprophylaxis and immunoprophylaxis act as immunization agents to people who contact infected people regularly.

Foundation/Objectives: In this paper, Harmony search (HS) based thresholding is proposed to section the gray scale image by augmenting the entropy esteem. Strategies/Statistical examination: Better division technique gives suitable edge esteems to upgrade the area of enthusiasm for the computerized image. The entropy based strategy, for example, Kapur's is picked in this paper to section the image. This work is executed utilizing skin melanoma images which is changed over to the gray scale images (got from ISIC dataset). The HS helped division with entropy work is affirmed utilizing the all inclusive image predominance estimates existing in the writing. Discoveries: Results of this recreation work demonstrate that Kapur work offers better execution measure esteems. Applications/Improvements: Proposed strategy can be tried utilizing other late heuristic techniques existing in the literature.

When we need to convert the voltage of the power from direct current, we involve the device called DC-DC converter. As direct current voltages cannot be changed using transformer as in AC current DC-DC converters comes into play. These converters are similar DC version of the transformers. For example, when a 24volt direct current from a lorry power source needs to be decreased to 12volt for the car music system and 12Volt car power sources needs to stepped down to 3volt for mobile phones these electronic devices are applied. Here we simply want to change the voltage with a minimal loss of energy. We can also explain this as extracting maximum efficiency while converting. We have to keep in mind with DC-DC converters is that it is essential to alter the input energy into various impedance levels. Hence, the power delivered out of the converter remains the same as given in with a different voltage with no energy produced within the converter. A perfect converter gives an efficiency of 100% but in practical applications 70% to 95% efficiency are usually got. It is normally obtained with the help of switched mode or chopper circuits whose elements wastes very less power. Pulse-width modulation (PWM) helps with controlling and regulating the voltage output. The method is also implemented for circuits that involves AC, which includes highly efficient AC-DC converter (inverters and power amplifiers), ac-ac power converters, as well as few ac-dc power converters (low-harmonic rectifiers).

Falling often causes deadly conditions such as unconsciousness and related injuries among the elderly population if failing provided with aid and caretakers nearby. In this context, an automatic fall monitoring system gains its popularity by solving the problem with immediate prompting, thereby allowing the caretakers and other persons to get activated with an alarm message. It assists older adults in living without fear of falling and being independent in society. In recent decades, vision-based fall monitoring receiving attention among research communities for its diversified features. It helps identify the human in the intended regions, and by using the collected phenomenon from the area, it trains the fall recognition classifiers. Besides, human detection errors and lack of massive-scale datasets make the vision-based fall monitoring face challenges like robustness and efficiency in performing generalization to invisible regions. Hence a robust learning and classification system is reasonably needed to combat the challenges. In this proposed system, automatic fall detection using deep learning is modeled using RGB images gathered from the single-camera source. More significantly, it determines the sensitive details that prevailed in the original images and ensures privacy, widely considered for safety and protection. Various experiments are carried out using real-time world fall data sets. The results show that the system enhances fall recognition awareness and achieves a high F-Score by performing high accurate fall detection from real-world environments

Sum of positive integral powers of first n natural numbers has been an interesting problem for many years. Mathematicians, students and research scholars have been attempting to crack this problem for decades. The primary objective of this talk is to generate a generalized result for an ancient interesting problem in the research field of Analytic Number Theory. That problem states that sum of k^th powers of first n- natural number coincides with a unique a polynomial of degree (k+1) in n over natural numbers. The existence and uniqueness of this polynomial are established using the principles of Linear Algebra.  The innovative result derived here opens a way to write the formula for the sum of any positive integral power of first n- natural numbers.

Multilayer perceptron (MLP) is a classification of feed forward artificial neural network which utilizes the processing techniques of human reasoning. Multilayer perceptron consists of numerous linear layers of trained network cells called as perceptron along with threshold function. In this paper, we are evaluating particle swarm and multilayer perceptron computational models. The first approach, particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm deals with principle components of artificial neural network model to recognize handwritten characters. Handwritten character strokes are collected as feature vectors and based on these vectors, classification of characters takes place. The second approach, bounding box technique is used by MLP (Multi-Layer Perceptron) neural network. The results are compared and their performance and stability in handwritten recognition is evaluated.

Alexis Wright is one of the distinguished aboriginal writers. Carpentaria is one of Wright’s novels and it is published in 2006. It talks about cross-cultural way, indigenous minority and empowered non-indigenous. It reflects the antagonistic characters and economic exploitation. Wright deconstructs colonial discourses and moving forward of the indigenous community in this novel.Carpentaria talks about cosmology of indigenous Australians who is colonized by the British. It provides the past and present capitalism of Australia and it breaks the European object arrangements. It challenges the Western dualism and capitalist exploitation of local resources. The novel portrays the ancestral story which ties the characters of aboriginals. It reconceives the challenges of particular settler in Australia.Wright describes the struggle of indigenous women for achievement in unequal social and economic power. She brings the marginalized people life through her characters. She conveys the relationship with land and the issues of sovereignty. Thus, she clearly represents the aboriginals of Australia through her novel, Carpentaria.

Advertising is that magic wand of marketing that changes the things to a great extent. It's that communication tool used by marketers to reach out the customers easily. It has become inevitable for survival in these days of fairly aggressive marketplace. The strain of advertising and marketing is growing daily so does its charges. Groups started to invest big sum to create number of classified ads to make humans aware about their product/offerings. So, it becomes mandatory to take a look at its effectiveness and its effect on the patron thoughts. Advertising has grown up faster with various varieties of advertising giving their own contribution in framing the consumer buying behaviour. There are actually couple of factors that influence the consumer opinion but advertising happens to be the one that influences to the maximum extent due to its ability to reach out to a greater group of audience. Hence the present paper makes an attempt to validate the role of advertising on the consumer purchase pattern through expert opinion gathered regarding the same along with analysis done through statistical techniques pattern accompanied by possible suggestions for the same.

Technological inventions and researches have pushed various emerging fields to overwhelm information technology and its applications. Bioinformatics, medicines and drug discovery have found significance use of Artificial intelligence for aiding in various discoveries and patient centered care. One of the most critical area of medical concern is blood cancer that has limitations in detection and classification at a proper stage. By applying artificial intelligence techniques to the blood genetics, physicians and oncologists all over the world could find a solution for early detection and classification of the disease. Susceptibility, recurrence and survival rates of cancer are questions to be answered while detecting and classifying stages of cancer. Artificial intelligence techniques and models proposed by researchers for characterizing various stages of blood cancer have aided in providing treatment to certain extend. Applying artificial intelligence framework models on genetics has been found to provide results that satisfies the detection of the disease. However, an efficient methodology that focuses of selecting particular features of blood cancer and ranking these features and then classifying them into various stages is still lacking. This research focuses of using an optimal feature selection and ranking algorithm for ranking and selecting features and then employing random forest algorithm for classifying the blood cancer stages in the blood sample. This technique allows to provide better patient centered care and early classification of cancer stages.

Big Data Analytic model examines large datasets and reveals the hidden information like hidden patterns and their correlations in it. Especially in the healthcare analytics, they are widely used for analyzing and predicting the diseases from the data that are being collected from various sources like electronic health record, patient’s insurance claim, scan reports, pharmaceutical, and research development data, emails, mobile devices, databases, applications, server and by other means. Diabetes is a chronic, incurable disease due to the abnormal levels of glucose in the blood. Diabetes is a major health problem that is increasing worldwide as it is a stern difficult complaint distressing the whole body. It needs regular care by ourselves. It would significantly impact the quality of life if complications are developed as it would also reduce life expectancy. Diabetic patients majorly suffer due to the problem of Diabetic Retinopathy which causes vision loss. To overcome the problem of Diabetic Retinopathy, diabetic patients should have a periodic ophthalmologic examination. Basically, detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR) through color fundus images and identifying the current status of the eye requires highly experienced physicians. The proposed Diabetic Retinopathy prediction model applies Modified Convolutional Neural Network(M-CNN). This model analyses DR from digital fundus images and correctly categorizing its severity. Also, the model will recognize the complex structures convoluted in the cataloging task such as micro-aneurysms, exudate, and bleedings on the retina and subsequently recognizes the problem without the need of manual intervention. The system is trained using publicly available Kaggle Dataset and the result is validated with the original fundus images of 100 patients.

Background: Malnutrition is frequently observed in patients with acute stroke and during the rehabilitation period. Malnutrition is associated with poor outcome in these patients. This study aimed to assess nutritional status and response among stroke patients and developing a suggested nutritional brochure. Research design: A Descriptive cross-sectional research design has been utilized in the present study. Sample: Purposeful samples of 60 adult patients have stroke their age ranged from 16 to 83 years old both sex (male and females). Setting: Neurological department of Assuit university hospital. Tools of Data Collection: A structured interviewing questionnaire sheet including two parts; patients' socio-demographic data and patients' responses to malnutrition. Results: more than half two-thirds of studied patients were males, married, lived in rural areas, and more than half of them (55%) their ages more than 55 years with a mean of (54.2 ± 19.0 years). More than two-thirds of patients (66.7%) were suffering from Stroke/brain hemorrhage. The majority of them were bound in bed or wheelchair but they have not experienced any psychological illness or acute illness during the last three months and have not bed ulcer or skin dissection. There was a statistically significant difference between age, diagnoses, marital status and (the movement and ways to eat). Conclusion: There was a positive response of stroke patients to malnutrition. The study recommendations: Application of the suggested nutritional brochure on stroke patients and evaluating their nutritional status and their response after the application.

Obesity is a highly prevalent risk factor among every working individual around the globe. It is often accompanied by absenteeism, increased health expenditure, decreased productivity, and reduced quality of life. Obesity along with overweight are becoming the most common health problem of the 21st century in many countries, contributing significantly to chronic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. The amount of excess fat around the waist and trunk (abdominal, central or android obesity) around the body has important health implications. Many weight reduction programs are effective but may not be sustainable. Not many studies are available regarding the intervention programs. Thus, this study explains the obesity and overweight among individuals especially employees and gives insight about intervention programs. This study can be used as a guide for employers to conduct a sustainable weight reduction program at the workplace, reduce risk of obesity complications and increase the psychological well-being of the employees.

The ethanolic extract of Allium sativum, Mangifera indica and Vinca rosea formulations were experimented for its anti-diabetic and anti-obese properties in Streptozotocin induced diabetic male Wistar rats. The ethanolic extract of 50mg/kg, p.o. as a single dose used as treatment to the diabetic rats for a period of 24 days. The body weight was assessed for a time interval of 4 weeks. The body weight was found to be improved in the treatment group with an increase in changes compared to control and STZ induced diabetic group. This result proved the efficiency of plant extracts formulation as an anti-obese drug. The experimental rats subjected to OGTT showed decreased glucose levels in the plant extract treated group compared to the control and diabetic rats. From the above results, it is concluded that the plant extract formulation possesses significant anti-diabetic and anti-adipogenicity effects in STZ- induced diabetic rats.

The Goods And Service Tax Is A Concept That Has Been Existing For More Than 60 Years. Many Countries Have Adopted This System Of Taxation With The Intent To Reap The Benefits Of The Gst While Improving The Growth Of The Economy. Although Gst Has Benefited Some Of The Countries Having This System Of Taxation, The Methods Of Implementing The Gst Vary From Country To Country. A Comparison Of The System Adopted In Those Countries May Give Some Ideas To Find Out The Important Points That Can Be Used To Adopt And Maintain The System. Hence, The Present Study Aims To Compare The Indirect Tax Pattern In India With That Of Nigeria And Highlight Significant Differences And/ Similarities As Well As Benefits Drawn From The Implementation Of The Act To Suggest The Best Way Forward Based On The Findings..

Background: Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumour in adulthood, accounting for 70% of all malignant brain tumours in the central nervous system.Gglioblastomas occur more frequently in adulthood (median age 64 years), they can occur at any age and rarely occur in children. Glioblastoma occurs mostly in the fifth or sixth decade of life and is rare at a young ageIn this case are rare because glioblastoma occurs in young age.
Objective: To find out the characteristics of glioblastoma in young age.
Patients and Methods: In this case, glioblastoma was found in men aged 17 years and 22 years, with its location in the right frontotemporal lobe and the left frontotemporoparietal lobe—diagnosis of glioblastoma based on imaging and tumour biopsy. Imaging can be done with CT Scan, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET). The most sensitive and specific examination is MRI.
Results: In this case, both biopsies were performed with conclusions on glioblastoma and a CT scan of the head, which provided an overview of masses in the right frontotemporal lobe and left frontotemporoparietal lobe. MRI was only performed in case 2, and there was a mass in the left frontotemporoparietal lobe, mesencephalon, pons, optic chiasm, proximal right-left optic nerve, covering the left internal carotid artery to the subcutaneous left frontotemporoparietal region accompanied by fluid collection with chronic bleeding components, cerebral edema with subalpine herniation. To the right ± 9mm and a downward transtentorial herniation at the mesencephalon level, right lateral ventriculomegaly. The therapies that have been given to both patients are excision, radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Conclusion: Both patients were diagnosed with glioblastoma based on anamnesis, physical examination, supporting examination and definitive diagnosis by histopathological examination. Both cases are extremely rare because epidomological glioblastoma is common at ages 45-65 and very rare in less than 30 years of age. Glioblastoma at a young age can occur due to genetic mutations. The genetic mutation most commonly associated with glioblastoma is the Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (IDH 1) mutation. IDH1 mutation occurred in 82% of cases with secondary glioblastoma. This IDH 1 mutation is often associated with younger age and better prognosis. The IDH 1 mutation must be accompanied by a mutation of TP53 for progression to the tumour. Genetic examination is important to determine the prognosis of patient with glioblastoma.
 

“Dying can be a peaceful event or a great agony when it is inappropriately sustained bylife support.” – Roger Bone.
Taking away life by killing with an emotion of mercy? This is what famously called mercy killing. “The desire of death of a terminally ill patient is a peaceful gateway of life.” This thought evokes a humanly emotion of mercy to release the terminally ill person from painful suffering and invites he word mercy killing. It is the combination of two contradictory worse living together what happens when two contradictory people say together? It creates complex issues; same way these words cause the most complex issues relating to ethic, law, morality, humanity and society. This is not the question whether the action of killing is right. But the question is whether such mercy associated with the action of the line of being bad i.e. when such killing gives peaceful death and when it turns into murder in the eyes of law.  Then one can question whether the actions could be misused and overused. And whether there is need of such laws at all. In this paper an attempt is made to analyze euthanasia by way of arguments both for and against legalizing euthanasia in India.

Introduction: The biochemical activities of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) suggest the various alterations that occur in the gingival tissue during the orthodontic tooth movement. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Cathepsin-B (CAB) act as markers in bone metabolism. This longitudinal study was conducted to examine the activity of ALP and CAB in GCF.
Materials and Method: A split mouth study was conducted using both left and right maxillary quadrants for 20 sites in 10 subjects. After 6 weeks of placement of archwire, the canine retraction was initiated bilaterally on the 0.019x0.025” stainless steel base archwire. The initial force of approximately 200 gm was applied by using NiTi closed coil spring.
GCF was collected using calibrated micropipette from mesial and distal sites of maxillary canines at different time intervals: T0 (before extraction), T1 (one hour prior to retraction), T2 (after 1 day), T3 (after 7 days), T4 (after 14 days) and T5 (after 21 days). After collection, GCF was transferred to eppendorf tube and stored at -200C.
Results: Both ALP and CAB achieved peak level after applying the force for 24 hours followed by a significant reduction at 1st, 2nd and 3rd week.
Conclusion: The levels of both biomarkers achieved peak level after the first day of force application followed by a significant decrease at 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks. After 3 weeks, it was reduced to the initial level i.e. before application of retraction force. CAB was shown to have higher levels as compared to ALP at all time intervals.

The aim of this study was to examine challenges faced by university students with special needs (SwSNs) and the implications the challenges have on such students’ retention. The study adopted a cross sectional survey design employing both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study participants (N=34) were SwSNs who were purposively selected from three universities (comprising: two public, and one private university). Quantitative responses were analysed using simple descriptive data analysis techniques, to generate frequency counts and the respective percentage scores. Thematic content data analysis was used to analyse qualitative data. The researchers further applied the Tesch’s (1990) procedure of open coding method of data analysis, which involves a systematic process of examining, selecting, categorising, comparing, synthesising and interpreting data to unpack the major research question of the study. Findings reveal that SwSNs in some Ugandan universities experience challenges such as: lack of suitable facilities, difficulty to access learning materials, lack of understanding and respect from both fellow students with special needs and the ordinary students (those without special needs). One of the findings is that some of the key challenges faced by SwSNs were lack of coordinated efforts across the universities. It is further established that SwSNs feel they had to work harder than other students, because they had to manage a double workload. Generally, these challenges negatively affected SwSNs’ retention. The study recommends that for SwSNs to be assisted to overcome the existing challenges, the universities should provide necessary and appropriate facilities as far as is possible with the resources available and without compromising academic standards.

Background: The article presents the results of a medical and psychological assessment of the attitude of a professional group of doctors to infected patients in the educational environment of the university.
Methodology: The study was conducted in the categorical field of the sociology of medicine using the methodology of sociological survey and data analysis of the review of special literature sources on the problem of infection with COVID-19. Junior students of a medical university acted as a model group (N = 280, average age 19.2 ± 1.2 years; girls and boys were taken on an equal footing).
Results: The results can be extrapolated to the situation of infection with COVID-19, research materials can be recommended for inclusion in the methodological base for the provision of psychological assistance to patients with infectious diseases, as well as optimizing the socio-psychological support of professional education of medical specialists.
Conclusion: The observed difficult epidemiological situation in Russia and in the world caused by COVID-19 showed the high importance of the professional attitude of doctors to infected patients, based on empathy, compassion and psychological support.

The corona virus epidemic threatens the world which causes many people to die and destroys the global economy with a decline in a number of indexes in the ASEAN region. The stock indexes in the ASEAN region selected in this study include Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines, and Vietnam with the 2004-2020 period, then try to add other investments such as gold investment, which will be combined into the optimal portfolio. Portfolio determination is based on the smart beta model by performing smart calculations with the help of Beta, Alpha, and Value at Risk (VaR) methods. The results of this study indicate that a portfolio formed with smart beta by combining a number of ASEAN stock indices and gold investment during the study period with equal weight on each index and gold will produce a high rate of Return with a low level of risk when compared to a portfolio without there is a mixture of other investments in other words, only the ASEAN index is in the portfolio. In conditions of economic crisis coupled with the corona virus outbreak, investors are advised to be careful in choosing stocks or indexes to be included in the portfolio, it is advisable to switch to types of investments that are safer against crises such as gold investment.

The present investigation was carried out in order to study tear production in dogs using the Schirmer test in the province of Bolívar, Ecuador. Wherefore, 394 samples were taken at random, in the 7 cantons of the province. A previous analysis of the different cantons to visit was carried out, to determine where there was a higher concentration of dogs, from which samples were to be taken. Once the patients had been identified, the medical file was filled out, which contains the owner's data, dog data, date, place, physiological constants, and data on the production of each right and left eye. After a previous evaluation, where the animal's state of health is considered, the tear production of each right and left eye was quantified for one minute. With the research work carried out, it was possible to establish tear production values in dogs in the evaluation area. Through the statistical analysis, different tear production values were determined according to the shape of the skull, according to age, and according to the right and left eye. It could be concluded that the Schirmer test, is a simple and an effective diagnostic method to determine the degree of tear production in canines.

Aim and Objective: Orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning for growing children must involve growth prediction, especially in the treatment of skeletal problems.The aim of this study was to correlate the growth phase of skeletal tissues with the calcification stages of maxillary canine, mandibular second molar and mandibular third molar. Materials and Methods: Anonymized digital Orthopantomogram and lateral cephalogram records of 50 pretreatment orthodontic patients aged 8–19 years were collected and analyzed. Right maxillary canine, mandibular second molar and third molar were used as a sample in accordance to the Gleiser and Hunt modified method of assessing tooth mineralization. The skeletal maturation was assessed by the cervical vertebrae maturation (CVMI) method by Baccetti et al. Results: A positive significant correlation was attained relating CVMI Stages 2,3 and 4 with calcification Stages maxillary canine, mandibular second molar and mandibular third molar.Conclusion: The calcification stages of maxillary canine, mandibular second molar and mandibular third molar can be implemented for assessing the skeletal maturity clinically. The canine calcification could be used as a sole indicator for assessment of skeletal maturity

The study identified the exposure of nursing students both male and female in a psychiatric hospital that is Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In this study the data has been analyzed by considering demographics of the respondents and inferential statistics. The discussion of this study has been done by considering the results concerning age, gender, and other demographic features of the study. The study identified that nurses of 31 or more age mainly males face more stress. Further, nurses with 5 children are facing more stress while effectively managing the work-life balance. The study concluded that the role of nurses is very crucial hence they must be continuously trained and monitored to manage the stress level for their wellbeing as well as the well-being of the hospital.

Due to the specified designed network on behalf of the on-demand necessities in addition to the various circumstances in which establishing the physical network is impossible, a significant role is played by the mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) in the military applications. The severe issues like extremely strong as well as dynamic military workstations, devices in addition to insignificant sub-networks within the battlefield are handled by the various kinds of the network that is controlled within the infrastructure less communication. In order to transmit the extremely sensible as well as secured military data within the defense networks, a higher demand of efficient routing protocol design that ensures the safety as well as reliability. The designing and the simulation of the power efficient network layer routing protocol within the network on behalf of the military applications is done by this aim in addition to a novel cross layer method for widely increasing the accuracy as well as lifetime of the network. The selection of the optimal path is not supported by the PDO-AODV approach. Therefore, a novel ACO-DAEE (Ant colony optimization with delay aware energy efficient) is proposed in order to select the optimal path and to mitigate the network system’s delay time. Maintaining the optimal path within the network in the duration of transmitting the data effectively is the objective of this method. With respect to packet delivery ratio, end to end delay, and throughput, the performance of the ACO-ADEE is effective as shown in the simulation outcomes. The efficiency of this approach is verified by using NS2 through the simulation outcomes.

In the recent years, the number of people passing away due to heart attack has increased a lot. The lifestyle changes of the 20th century have made people more prone to heart attacks. This paper presents a heart disease classification system using deep learning. The individual parameters causing the heart attack are analysed in terms of risk factor. The risk factor analysis has helped to access the role of each parameter at a personal patient level. The risk factor analysis has led to discovery of redundancy present in the datasets and thereby providing input on how accuracy can be increased. The proposed model used Convolution Neural Network (CNN) to classify the heart data. The UCI heart dataset is used to validate the proposed method. A custom dataset is constructed with new realtime parameters which has been recently discovered. The proposed method has achieved better accuracy when compared to the existing counterparts.

The goal of the current study was to investigate the incidence of liver hydatid cyst in apparently healthy sheep, for such objective a survey from November 2019 until April 2020 was performed in AL-Shoula slaughterhouse/ Baghdad province to find out most frequent hepatic hydatid cyst lesions and the associated pathogen. Out of 2196 slaughtered sheep, 50 livers showed a detectable hydatid cyst, these lesions were sampled and transported directly to the laboratory for bacteriological examination. The content was inoculated into cultures media. The isolates were identified according to Gram’s stain, as well as biochemical characters for final bacterial identification. The prevalence of hydatid cyst were (2.28%). In total, 54 of bacteria isolate were identified, these bacteria represented 10 species. All samples were subjected for primary bacterial isolation and the following bacterial species were isolated, Staphylococcus aureus 4(7.41%), E.coli 17(31.48%), Pseudomonas auroginosa 4(7.41%), Klebsiella pneumonia 8(14.82%), Listeria grayi 5(9.26%), Proteus vulgaris 4(7.41%), Salmonella typhi 2(3.70%), Streptococcus pyogenes 2(3.70%), Enterococcus fecalis 5(9.26%), Shigella flexneri 3(5.55%). This study recorded that the percentage of E.coli (31.48%) is significantly higher (P<0.01) as compared to the lower percentage as in Salmonella typhi and Streptococcus pyogenes (3.70%).In conclusion, the prevalence of liver hydatid cyst were low in Baghdad city and the E.coli was the predominant bacteria isolated.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease that causes hair loss, and alopecia areata is characterized by patchy hair loss, which includes the scalp and other areas of the head, including eyelashes, beard and entire body hair, which may also be affected. A patient with alopecia areata notes the sudden appearance of a circular patch of hair loss, which may lead to baldness of the entire scalp and is called (Alopecia areata totalis) or loss of full body hair called (Alopecia areata universals).(Finner,2011) The etiopathogenesis of the disease is still unclear, but the role of autoimmunity is strongly suggested. AA is commonly associated with Thyroid disorders; the most frequent among them is autoimmune thyroid disorders. (Kyriakis et al.,2009), (Seyrafi et al., 2005) The aim of our study To determine whether Alopecia Areata (AA) is associated with some hormone such as : Thyroid hormones ( T3, T4 and TSH ). The study included 72 cases with age ranging from (10-50 years) ; (Group A) 42 patients with AA (27 male and 15 female) and (Group B) 30 healthy volunteers ( 7 male and 23 female ) were selected as a control group. All samples were obtained from Dermatology outpatient clinic, Al-Ramadi Hospital, AlAnbar Governorate, Iraq. during the period from December 2019 to march 2020. Every case and control were subjected to history taking, dermatological examination and complete general Venous blood samples were taken from controls and patients after taking their agreement for measurement of some hormones such ; Thyroid Hormones (TSH, T3, T4). We found statistically significant differences between patients and controls regarding Thyroid Hormones levels of TSH, T3 and T4.

Combining the information from two or more images into a solitary image is known as image combination that can keep down all the essential features of the first images. The principal target of image combination is to generate an image which depicts a scene preferred or considerably higher over any single image concerning some important properties giving a useful image. These combination techniques are most vital in diagnosing and treating growth in therapeutic fields. This article focuses on the development and analysis of medical image enhancement using principal component-based nonsubsampled contourlet transform (PCA-NSCT) fusion methodology with comparison to various enhancement techniques using discrete wavelet transform (DWT), stationary wavelet transform (SWT), fast discrete curvelet transform (F-DCT), NSCT-based fusion algorithms. Further, the quality of the fused image also evaluated using a set of quality metrics which is known as image quality assessment (IQA) such as peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), correlation coefficient (CC), entropy (E), and root mean square error (RMSE).

Objectives: Parkinson's disease (PD) represents a multi-part progressive neurodegenerative disease described by rigidity, bradykinesia and tremor in addition to postural unstable appearing of patients as the disease progress. The purpose of this study evaluate of some parameters (Ca+2 , Vitamin D, C, E and phosphorus) in sera of PD Iraqi patients. Methods: Two main groups were included in this study; 55 patients (22 male &23 female) with PD (patients group) and 30 (11male & 19 female) apparently healthy controls (control group) without a history of PD were involved in the current study. Results: Vitamin D in the sera of patient group was a highly significant decrease (p<0.001) in comparison to the control group while highly significant decrease (p<0.001) in the calcium levels of patient group, as well as highly significant decrease (p<0.001) in the phosphorus of patients group was observed in comparison with their levels in corresponding control gruop. Meanwhile, a significant decrease (p<0.05) in vitamin C of patients group when compared to that of control group and a highly significant decrease (p<0.001) in serum vitamin E concentration of patients group when compared to that of control group. Conclusion: The current study results show a deficiency in most antioxidant parameters [vitamin D3, E, C and phosphorus] that may subsequently lead to their inability to suppress free radicals and thus lead to oxidative stress. This leads to relapse and the progression of patients' condition for the worse.

Introduction:
The morphology of temporomandibular joint varies among individuals and the most important factor that could affect its shape is functional load impacted on it. This depends on the closed association between the morphology and function which demonstrates that presumed differences in condyle-fossa position and morphology among subjects vary with different types of malocclusion. The objective of this literature review is to determine the temporomandibular joint characteristics in response to orthodontic treatment.
Materials and Methods:
A web-based search was carried out using electronic databases such as PubMed, Science Direct and Google scholar between the year 2007 to 2017 with a focus on longitudinal studies, Prospective, Case-control, Retrospective and Randomized Controlled Trials.
Results:
60 studies were searched in which 21 articles have been selected based on inclusion criteria. Among these studies, 2 were randomized controlled trials, 15 were prospective longitudinal studies without randomization and 4 were retrospective studies.
Conclusions:
After a detailed review of the studies found in the latest literature, it has been concluded that association between different types of orthodontic treatment and the development of TMD signs and symptoms could  
not be established. There is no evidence for a direct cause-effect relationship between the orthodontic treatment and TMD.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of problematic eating attitudes and associate factors of problematic eating among adolescent girls in selected government & private schools. Methods and material: A total of 300 adolescent girls were selected by cluster sampling technique, 150 from three government schools and 150 from three private schools of Bhubaneswar, Odisha. “EAT- 26” was used for screening of problematic eating attitudes. Self-structured socio-demographic Performa and Modified McKnight risk factor survey scale was used to collect socio-demographic data and associated factors of problematic eating attitude respectively. Result: The prevalence of problematic eating attitude was more among the private school adolescent girls than the government school adolescent girls. The result of unpaired t= 1.206 (p= 0.229) test shown that there was no statistically significant difference between problematic eating attitudes of government and private school adolescent girls.The result of regression analysis identified that emotional eating is less both in government (β=0.26, P=0.02) and in private school (β=0.21, P= 0.05), parent concern with thinness (β=-0.177, P= 0.059) and school performance (β= -.214, P= 0.017) have a close association with problematic eating attitude in government school girls. The mother and father’s educational status and occupation have a strong association with problematic eating attitudes both in government and private schools. Conclusion: -Problematic eating attitude was higher among private school adolescent girls than the government school adolescent girls. It was found that parent’s education and occupation were an important cause of increasing problematic eating attitudes among adolescent girls.

Background- Among all nutritional deficiency disorders, iron deficiency anemia is more prevalent among adolescents especially in women population. Objectives – To evaluate the effect of consumption of finger millet [ragi] ladoo on the level of hemoglobin. Material & Method- This quasi-experimental study was conducted in ladies hostel of a selected college in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. The sample consisted of 120 nutritionally anemic young females of age group 17-19 years of age & staying at the hostel. The tool used was a self-structured interview schedule for demographic data and Sahli’s Haemoglobinometer for estimation of hemoglobin level. The total number of study participants was 120. The samples were grouped into experimental groups and control groups with  60 samples in each group. The sampling technique used was the non-probability purposive sampling technique. Before the intervention, all the samples were dewormed. Among all study samples majority (95%) had moderate anemia whereas the remaining (5%) sample had mild anemia. The finger millet [ragi] laddoo two in number (50gm each) were provided daily for four consecutive weeks. The hemoglobin level was reassessed. The mean and standard deviation value in the pre-procedural level of hemoglobin was found to be 8.9 and 0.64 whereas in the post-procedural level of hemoglobin the mean and standard deviation was 9.04 and 0.65 respectively in the experimental group. The calculated ‘t’ test value was 16 and ‘p’ value was 0.0001 (p≤0.05).  Results - The study showed that the consumption of finger millet [ragi] ladoo has a significant effect on the level of hemoglobin among the study sample of the experimental group.

Cognitive and sensory impairment is part of the normal physiologic processes in the elderly. The risk factors associated with cognitive and sensory impairment are obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension. For the basic screening of a person, anthropometric measurements such as height, weight, BMI, weight circumference, waist-hip ratio are used. Neck circumference is a simple measurement that has been associated with cardiovascular risk factors. In this cross-sectional study conducted in a rural area in Bhubaneswar, neck circumference of adults in the age group of 30 – 45 years and 46 – 70 years were assessed. Cognitive impairment was assessed using Mini-mental status examination and sensory impairment was assessed using the modified ASPQ-Short Version. The majority of the participants with cognitive and sensory impairment were females. In the age group of 46 – 70 years, cognitive and sensory impairment was 22% and 26% respectively. There was a significant difference in the neck circumference in both the age groups with and without cognitive and/ or sensory impairment (p < 0.05). There was no relationship between neck circumference with cognitive impairment (p = 0.406, p = 0.944) and sensory impairment (p = 0.763 p = 0.719). The study was concluded with the recommendation that neck circumference can be used as a tool to screen the level of cognition and sensory output of an individual.

Background Hydrotherapy has been used from ancient periods and is a cost-effective therapy for pain and inflammation. Objective: To evaluate the effect of hydrotherapy on the intensity of pain and quality of life among patients with arthritis. Design: Quasi-experimental design. Subject and methods: Arthritic patients of urban slum areas covering Bhubaneswar who were aged from 30years to 70 years of age volunteered to participate in the research study. The sampling technique for this study was non-probability purposive.  Self-structured socio-demographic questionnaire, Self-structured modified arthritis quality of life scale and Visual analogue scale were used to accumulate the data. Sample size: 60 samples in the control group and 60 in the experimental group. Result: Hydrotherapy was effective to enhance the quality of life among arthritis patients. Conclusion: Based on the results of the current study it is recommended that a similar study can be done for higher analysis by utilizing randomized control trial design.

Background: World health organization, 2003-has been stated   that the majority  of  elder  people didn’t  do  physical  activity  regularly. It  has  been   stated  that  between  60-80 years of   older  people  are  not  sufficiently  active.  It was belief that, older people possess  about  the  cost  and  benefit  of  exercise  in later  life can  influence  their activity  level.  Now-a-days the low socioeconomic status had low the quality of  life, which is  the  major  problem  among   the  elderly  people. Objectives-To assessthe quality of life among elderly people ofdifferent socioeconomic status andto find out the association of   quality of life with socio economic status of elder people. Methods: Non experimental descriptive design was used. Data was collected by using simple random sampling technique to select 200 no. of elder people as study sample from area ofBharatpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Result: Analysis is revealed that there was no association between the socioeconomic status with age(chi=4.8, df=2,p=0.0919)but  there were statistically significant between socioeconomic status with sex(chi=6.2,df=1,p=0.0127),marital status (chi=4.2,df=1,p=0.0408) living status(chi=405.9,df=1,p=405.903)type  of family(chi=5.9,df=1,p=5.868) total family member(chi=1.76,df=1,p=1.666)was not  statistically significant,social functioning(0.59,df=1,p=0.443).   Conclusion: The study concluded  that  the   information  about  the quality  of life among  elderly people was vary in different  socio economic  status.

OBJECTIVES:To assess the adolescent perception towards their weight and practice to lose weight. Methods And Material: A descriptive study was conducted among 400 adolescence studied at S’O’A University by using a convenience random sampling technique.The self-structure questionnaires and standardized tools of Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and Self-Esteem Scale the main tool by which the data was collected. Result: From the findings reveals that the area wise distribution of mean and SD, Percentage of knowledge scores of adolescent studied in AGRICULTURE the total highest score was 4217 and the mean ±SD  was10.542±1.413where as in  SPS the total lowest score secured by the student was 3948 and the mean ± SD was9.87±1.396. There is no significant association between adolescent perception towards their weight and practice to lose weight when compared to their age, gender, and stream, area of residency, food habit, parental obesity, family income, and parental education. There is a positive correlation (r = 0.091) between the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ).Correlation between (Body Mass Index) BMI and Self-esteem of five institutions(r = 0.040and Correlation between BMI and BSQ of five institutions (r=-0.091893) Conclusion:The perception of adolescents about their body image is positively co-related to their weight loss practice. It was found that if their a positive perception towards body image ultimately the adolescent were more concerned to maintain their weight by weight loss practice for thin supreme attractive body image for life long.

A non-experimental descriptive explorative study aims to assess the self-reported practice on prevention and management of airborne disease among higher secondary school students in selected schools, Bhubaneswar. The study was based on a post-test with 500 samples selected by using a simple random sampling technique. A self-structured questionnaire was used for self-reported practice with poor (0-10), average (11-20), and good (21-30) score. The self-reported practice of higher secondary school students regarding the prevention and management of airborne disease was assessed by administering questionnaires to the students. As a result 0.8% of the samples have poor practice, 38.8% of the samples have average practice and 60.1% of the samples have a good practice. All the p-values were greater than 0.05 except the education of the father (p=0.0133) which was found to have a significant association with the self-reported practice of higher secondary school students regarding the prevention and management of airborne disease. Thus it was concluded from the study that the majority of the students have good practice regarding the prevention and management of airborne disease. The study was effective because the education of the father has an association with the self-reported practice of the higher secondary school students.

Background: Children are always dependent, can’t say about their needs or pain always. This cannot be neglected at any cost as excess pain can damage nerve cells & many more. But Consideration about pain during procedures for toddlers is a less talked topic as far as the actual application is concerned in Odisha. Thus the researcher felt the need of doing a study on this Diversional therapy as bubble popping can easily distract and hold the mind of the children for a while & is cheap. Aim & Objective: To evaluate the effect of bubble popping therapy on behavioral response to pain perception among toddlers during parenteral vaccination. Material & methods: Thus a quasi-experimental study was conducted among 60 samples (13-24 months), where both experimental & control groups contain 30 samples each. Purposive sampling techniques were adopted. Experimental group were given diversion during parenteral vaccination. FLACC behavioral pain assessment scale was used to measure the behavioral response to the level of pain. Result: The mean score of the control group was 7.68  & that of the experimental group is 4.48 with a mean difference 3.20. The obtained ‘t’ value is 8.42  at ‘p’ < 0.05 (2.01). Henceforth we rejected the null hypothesis and accepted the research hypothesis. Conclusion: Thus bubble popping is effective in reducing pain among toddlers during vaccination. 

Background: Children of all ages may be diagnosed with acute infections of the lower respiratory tract. It renders to occur mostly in younger children. Childhood respiratory problems include asthma, bronchitis and pneumonia. It is believed that breathing exercises strengthen the lung capacity and maintain a normal breathing pattern. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the respiratory parameter of children with LRTI before & after strelnikova breathing exercises and secondly to determine the effect of strelnikova breathing exercises. Material & Method: Quasi-experimental research design was used for strelnikova breathing exercises on respiratory parameters of children with LRTI admitted in the pediatric ward at IMS & Sum Hospital, Bhubaneswar. The non-probability purposive sampling method was being used to choose 60sample. The Procedure was showed to the experimental group for 10 - 15 minutes for five days and was given twice in a day. There was no intervention for the control group. The study was conducted for one month .patients of both gender of age group 5-12 year selected and critically ill with ventilator patients was excluded. Result & conclusion: Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings for post-test was obtained in experimental & control group were respiratory rate (t₅₈₌9.50, p<0.0001), breath sounds (t=₅₈2.21, p<0.03), &oxygen saturations (t₅₈₌5.99, p<0.0001) respectively which was statistically significant in respiratory parameters. The pretest and posttest findings were for respiratory rate ( t₂₉₌1.21, p>0.23),breath sounds (t₂₉=0.36 ,p>0.71),& oxygen saturation (t₂₉=3.06,p<0.004) which was statistically not significant .

Objectives: Estimate all types of expenditure related to Cataract surgery in India and To Determine out of Pocket Expenditure and its determinants. Method: This is a cross-sectional Quantitative study design, and used the data generated by the 75th Round of National Sample Survey 2017, which measured self-reported morbidity with All kinds of expenditure like Medical expenditure, Non-medical expenditure, Transport, reimbursement and we also calculate out of pocket expenditure (OOPE) to measure financial hardship and its determinants with a sample of 1080 Individuals from all across India. Results: The overall hospitalization for cataract surgery in India is 1.1 % and the share of the public facility is only 37%.  The mean Medical expenditure for a cataract surgery in India cast 11243 rupees, for transport expenditure 1360 rupees, Total Expenditure is 12749 and the Out of Pocket Expenditure is 9327 Rupees. The factors for Out of pocket Expenditure is  Urban spends 3709 more than Rural, Graduate spends 8378 rupees more than Not literate, Private healthcare is 10167 expensive then Public, Richest spent 5326 rupees then Poorest and Non-Insured spend 4830 then Insured. Conclusion: Addressing the gaps in Financial Hardships, Improve the Insurance coverage, and Increasing Public sector share for cataract Surgery will improve in decreasing financial burdens. 

Background: Malnutrition is due to an unbalanced or inadequate diet. Mostly Preschoolers are more prone to affected by malnutrition. 7 out of 10 children in the community are malnourished. The lack of proper education and training in the field of nutrition among health care professionals has been a longstanding issue that has been highlighted in various publications. Health workers play an important role in promoting growth and development of children and to prevent malnutrition. Objectives: To find out the effect of computer-assisted teaching among the health workers of selected community health centers regarding the prevention of malnutrition. Methods: pre-experimental (one group pre-test post-test) design was used. Convenient type of sampling technique was used to select fifty no. of health workers of selected CHC of Bhubaneswar, Odisha as study sample and Self-structure questionnaire was used to collection of information. Result: Analysis is revealed that computer-assisted teaching improved the knowledge of health workers regarding the prevention of malnutrition (before intervention 39.93±11.86 & after intervention 77.66±7.76) significantly as calculated “t” value is 32.19 & calculated p-value was ˂0.0001 which is less than 0.05 level of significance. A statistically significant association was there in between the knowledge level with sociodemographic variables such as educational qualification & exposure to nutritional program. Conclusion: On the finding of the study, it was found that computer-assisted teaching is more practical in upgrading the knowledge of health workers on prevention of malnutrition which ultimately can improve the health status of children and prevent malnutrition.

Objectives: 1. To assesses the anxiety level in both the experimental and control group before and after play session.2. To compare the level of anxiety among hospitalized preschool children between the experimental and control group. 3. To find out the association of anxiety children with selected demographic variables.            Methods: Quasi-experimental non-randomized control group research design was adopted for this study. A total of 50 pre-school children were selected by using purposive sampling technique in IMS & Sum hospital Bhubaneswar. The level of anxiety was assessed using a self-structured questionnaire. Results: This study showed in the experimental group, before play session about 20%, 64%, 16% pre-school children had mild,   moderate anxiety, severe anxiety respectively & after a play session, on post-test results showed 76% preschool children had mild anxiety, 16% preschool children had moderate anxiety & no one had severe anxiety whereas in control group pre-test results showed  60%,28%,12%  preschool children had mild, moderate, severe anxiety respectively & on post-test results showed  48%,36% &12% preschool children had mild anxiety, moderate & severe anxiety respectively. Before the play session, in the experimental & 7control group, the mean ±SD value of anxiety score was 29.6± 6.55 and 24.52±8.06 respectively. The obtained “t” =2.44 with p-value is 0.0091 which was statistically significant, whereas in post-intervention the mean ±SD value of anxiety score in experimental was 19.8±4.64 and in control group mean ±SD value was 25.04±8.12. The obtained “t” =2.80 with p-value was 0.0073 which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Organized Play session is an effectual session in reducing anxiety among hospitalized pre-school children.

Objectives: To find out the rank order of different types of abuse and to investigate the effect of type of abuse on their usual study and clinical practices. Methods:This survey was conducted with the self-structured questioner and Both males and females are taking part in this study. A self-structured questionnaire was prepared in two sections.  Section –A, this section deals with socio-demographic data. Section –B, this section deals to assess different abuses. For this section rating scale is with a score of- always, sometimes, rarely, no. Each item has four options. Thus the scoring is always -4, rarely -3, sometime-2,   no -1. The component of the abuse of the questioner is four types:-verbal, physical, sexual, emotional. Results: The correlation value between the verbal buses and the impact of abuse on the study and clinical practice is 0.365569. Therefore, there is a positive correlation between verbal abuse and the impact of abuse on the study and clinical practice. This correlated with the p-value (p>0.0001).The correlation value between the emotional abuse and impact of abuse on the study and clinical practice is 0.376146. Therefore, there is a positive correlation between emotional abuse and the impact of abuse on the study and clinical practice. This correlated with the p-value p>0.0001. The correlation value between the effect of abuse and physical abuse and clinical practice is 0.452216. Therefore, there is a positive correlation between physical abuse and the effect of abuse and clinical practice. This correlated with the p-value p>0.0001.The correlation value between the effect of abuse amd sexual abuse and clinical practice is 0.0184232. Therefore, there is a positive correlation between the effect of abuse and sexual abuse and clinical practice. This correlated with the p-value p>0.0002. Therefore, there is a positive correlation between verbal abuse and the impact of abuse on the study and clinical practice. This is a correlation with the p-value p=0.0002. By the conventional criteria, this difference is considered to be extremely statistically significant. Conclusion: Form the finding of the study it is concluded that physical abuse is most vulnerable among all. There is a positive correlation between all the variables with that of the impact of abuse on the study and clinical practice. 

Home-based accidents that occur in and around the home are of major concern among the parents of children below 5 years of age. Many children of pre-school age end up in hospitals after serious injuries due to common accidents like falls, burns, scalds, swallowing objects, etc. The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship of knowledge and self-declared practices of parents regarding home-based accidents and its prevention among pre-school children. A non-experimental descriptive approach with survey method was adopted. Parents of 200 children within the age group of 3-5yrs were selected conveniently as the study sample. A self-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Results suggested that 24% of parents had extremely good knowledge regarding home-based accidents and 25.5% of parents are good in self-declared practices. Knowledge had no statistical association with age and had a statistical association withother selected demographic variables such as education of parents, number of children and type of family, and also statistical association was found between self-declared practices and selected demographic variables (p > 0.05). The study concluded that though there is no relationship between knowledge and practices to prevent home-based accidents practices are influenced by various factors. Hence more sensitization is required to strengthen the parents to prevent various home-based accidents which are more prevalent among the pre-school children.
 

Congestive Heart Failure is a typical condition that happens when the heart can't supply enough blood to address tissue issues for oxygen and supplements. Inotropes assume a significant job in maintaining a strategic distance from cardiogenic shock. The compensative channel itself expands the load of the heart and they are constrained to broaden and span. In this condition, drug treatment is planned to improve the pumping capacity of the heart by utilizing inotropes and other protective measures.  The study meant to survey the knowledge score of intensive care unit (ICU) staff nurses regarding the use of inotropes in critically ill patients in selected hospitals, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. A quantitative research approach with a non-experimental descriptive research design was used for the study. Total 50 no. of staff nurses were selected as sample by applying non-probability convenient sampling technique. The self-structured questionnaire was used as a tool to assess the knowledge level of intensive care unit staff nurses regarding the use of inotropes. Findings revealed that the mean and standard deviation of the knowledge score of staff nurses on the utilization of inotropes was 7.58± 2.59. The majority of study samples 36(72%) had fair knowledge; whereas 8(16%) samples had good knowledge & 6(12%) had poor knowledge regarding the use of inotropes. There was no significant association of knowledge level about demographic variables. The study presumed that there is have to upgrade the knowledge level of staff nurses to the use of inotropes to deliver qualitative care to ill patients.
 

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV- 2) is the causative organism for COVID-19. It transmits through direct or indirect inhalation of respiratory droplets from an infected person. The incubation period in children is 2 to 10 days. Compared to adults children may present with less severe symptoms and so all suspected cases required a laboratory confirmation by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Clinical features are the same as other respiratory illnesses likerhinorrhea,headache,myalgia, cough, shortness of breath, fever, sore throat, poor feeding,diarrhea,  nausea, and vomiting. All symptomatic children with a history of international travel and hospitalized children who experience severe acute respiratory illness should be tested for coronavirus. Young children experience more severe illnesses than older children. Respiratory specimens are used to diagnose the disease. Currently, no specific treatment is available. Children are treated symptomatically if admitted with the prevention and management of complications.  Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is one of the severe complications reported. Mild cases are recommended to manage at home with precautions to prevent the spread of infection. Newborn children born to suspected/ confirmed Covid-19 positive mothers tested between 24 to 48 hours of life and keep separate from others. Breastfeeding is allowed for mothers with Covid-19 if their condition permits as there is no evidence that infection spreads through breast milk but take precautions to prevent the spread of infection to the child by other means. Many children missed their routine vaccines as OPDs are closed and there is a risk for infection from these diseases.

Introduction: Neck pain or cervical pain is a common musculoskeletal disorderassociated with degenerative processes in muscle, connective tissue, and nerve tissue. The cliniciansassess theassociated impaired function in neck pain patients. There is a lack of clarity in the superiority of the specific application of various exercise protocols. McKenzie protocol is commonly prescribed by physiotherapists as being effective. Objective: To evaluate the effect of McKenzie protocol for patients suffering from chronic mechanical cervical spine pain. Methodology: The study design comprises aquantitative research approach with pre and post-test control group design. It was conducted in a selected rehabilitation center, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. The study sample included 60 mechanical neck pain individuals, 30 in each experiment& control group. Random assignment with a purposive selection of the samples was taken for the groups. The structured interview schedule for background data, structured pain assessment proforma, the visual analog scale, and the neck disability index were used as tools for gathering necessary data for neck pain from the samples. The McKenzie protocol compared with the control group was noted for pain intensity as well as NDI were assessedfor two weeks.  The analysis and interpretation of obtained data were performed byfollowing descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of frequency, percentage, mean, median, and “t” value. The “t” test was applied to compare the pain in pre- and post-interventions. A p-value of alfa < 0.05 was taken as the level of significance.Results: It was found that; there was significantly lower in the mean post test scores than the mean pretest VAS, as well as NDI scoresof the experiment group.  The Mean posttest VAS scores of the experiment group (5.733) and the control group (4.867) with a mean difference of 0.8667 were found to differ significantly as evident from the 't' = 2.561 at df, 28 at α=0.05 level. Apart from this the mean posttest (16.33) pain scores by NDI of the experiment group and control group (13.33) with a mean difference of 3.0, having 't' = 2.757 at df, 28  differed significantly at α= 0.05 level. Conclusion: McKenzie protocol was found to reduce mechanical spine pain and alleviated the condition, and thus would be very helpful in the management of neck or cervical spine pain.

Objective: To assess the impact of breathing exercise which was introduced as a method of play therapy to measure the cardiopulmonary parameters among children (3-12 years) with LRTI and to determine the association between the socio-demographic variables of children with group after intervention. Method: Evaluation approach was adopted and the study was based on the conceptual framework of Pender’s health promotion revised model. A quasi-experimental control group design was adopted. The sample of 40 children was divided into 20 in each experimental and control group. Data collected by using socio-demographic variables and observational checklist. The tool was validated by verifying it with different experts from professionals of medical science, nursing science, and statistician. Result: There was a maximum of samples (65%) were of 3-5 years of age and (68%) were male. The majority of samples (40%) were from rural area. With regards to diagnosis and immunization status, majority samples (60%) were of bronchitis, and (70%) were fully immunized respectively. There was a significant difference after the administration of the intervention of cardiopulmonary parameters in the interventional group. The post-test of respiration rate, mean ± SD (35.30±4.82) was less than pre-test respiration mean ± SD (38.30±4.70), and ‘t’ =9.57 was revealed extremely statistically significant at P <0.00001. The post-test plus rate mean ± SD(122.60±5.62) is less than the pre-test pulse mean ± SD (128.10±6.62), and ‘t’ =15.63 was revealed extremely statistically significant at P<0.00001. The post-test systolic BP mean ± SD (89.70±7.54) is less than the pre-test systolic BP mean ± SD (92.40±7.12), and ‘t’ =7.42 was recorded extremely statistically significant at P<0.00001 and the post-test diastolic BP mean ± SD (61.10±3.06) is less than the pre-test diastolic BP mean ± SD (63.20±3.25), and ‘t’ =6.84 was recorded to be extremely statistically significant at P<0.00001. The post-test chest expansion mean ±SD (51.60±2.51) was greater than the pre-test chest expansion mean ±SD (50.10±2.54), and the ‘t’ =16.97 was revealed to be extremely statistically significant at P<0.00001. Conclusion: In the present study there was no association between cardiopulmonary parameters with selected demographic variables such as age, gender developmental age, area of residence, diagnosis, and immunization status after the therapeutic intervention. The present study can be implicated in the field of nursing in specific areas of clinical practice, nursing education, administration, and research.

Cancer is spreading like an epidemic affecting all the age groups. In adolescents, it can create a sense of isolation from their friends and family members. It can cause significant psychological distress among them associated with anxiety, stress and can even lead to depression. The objective of the study was to find out coping, perceived social support and hope among adolescent cancer patients and also to determine the relationship between these variables. A descriptive, correlational research design was adopted. 100 adolescents attending the OPD of three hospitals in Bhubaneswar were selected conveniently. Modified cancer coping questionnaire, the multidimensional scale of perceived social support and Herth hope scale was used to assess coping, perceived social support and hope respectively. Mean level of coping was 97.33 12.28. Perceived support from family members was higher than friends. There was a significant positive relationship between coping, perceived social support and hope among adolescents.

Background: In India, breast cancer is the major reason for death in regenerative-age women. Early identification assumes a significant aspect in reducing breast cancer-related morbidity and mortality. BSE is the most practical strategies for early recognition of breast cancer. Nurses play a unique role in creating awareness among the people regarding BSE, and early detection of Breast Cancer, as they usually have the closest and effective connection with them. So, proper knowledge & practice regarding the BSE technique is required for nursing students to save themselves as well as the society from Breast cancer.Methodology: The research study was pre-experimental. Total sixty no. of students of B. Sc Nursing 2^nd year were chosen as samples from SUM Nursing College, Bhubaneswar by using a purposive sampling technique. Socio-demographic data Performa, self-constructed knowledge questionnaires were used to achieve the purpose of this study. A structured teaching program was organized for 1hour 30minutes to enhance the knowledge of students regarding BSE.Results: The findings of the study revealed that the Structured teaching program enhanced the knowledge level of students regarding BSE (before intervention 11.58±3.56 & after intervention 18.05±2.57). The results revealed that there was a significant difference in knowledge scores after intervention as the calculated t-test value & p-value were 11.38 & 0.00001 respectively, (t₅₉=2.0009 p-value ≤0.05). Conclusion: The conclusion drawn from the study was: BSE related knowledge of students of B.Sc Nursing was upgraded after this structured teaching program.

Background: The women during the Pre and post-menopause period experience a wide range of menopausal symptoms that jeopardize their lifestyle and they have to cope physically, psychologically, socially, and spiritually. Aim: The study is planned to find out the effect of yoga therapy on quality of life among perimenopausal women in two selected community Khurda district, Odisha. Methods and material:  A quasi-experimental study with a pre-test post-test control group design was adopted for this study. Through a self-structured checklist on symptoms of perimenopause, about120 perimenopausal women aged between 40-50 years were identified having perimenopausal symptoms. The yoga training was provided to the study group. Post-test was conducted after 30 days. Result: The mean age of women was 46 years. The mean score in the psychosocial domain was highest (57.8) among all the domains. The symptom of depression scored the highest (30%) among all the tests. In the control group, the post-test mean score of QOL was 84.93±3.96 and 85.76±2.67 experimental group was 74.52±13.31 and 59.9±10.5 which was statistically significant. In the experimental group, the pre-test and post-test mean scores of QOL were 74.52±13.17 and 59.9±10.5 which was statistically extremely significant. The mean post-test quality of life among perimenopausal women in the control and experimental group was 85.76±3 and 59.9±10.5 respectively and found statistically significant (p <0.0001).  The quality of life was found significantly associated with the parity of women. Conclusion: The current study evident that, yoga therapy is effective in improving the quality of life among perimenopausal women. The physical and psychosocial symptoms reduced among women to a significant level after receiving yoga and women were physically and psychologically stronger than before. Hence yoga is a recommended measure in the reduction of symptoms in perimenopausal women. 

Introduction: Hypertension is a serious health problem worldwide. From 1990 to 2016 the hypertension cases increased from 0.78 to 1.73 crores. The majority of the patient has a lack of specific knowledge on hypertension. Deficient knowledge is one of the important etiological cause of stroke, coronary disease, and other non-communicable diseases. The major objectives of this study are to find out the correlation between the patients’ knowledge on antihypertensive and adherence to medication among patients with hypertension in selected hospitals in Khurdha and to find out the patient knowledge and medication adherence association with selected socio-demographic variables. Methodology: It was a correlational study conducted among 254 hypertensive patients attended at the Medicine OPD, IMS SUM Hospital Bhubaneswar, Odisha selected through simple random sampling. The data were collected by a self structured questionnaire. Results: The study findings showed that among the total participant's majority of them were between the age of 40-60 years (45.3%) and more than half of the participants were (63.4%) were females. The majority of the participants have had a knowledge on the treatment aspects (57.48%) and the medication adherence (63.78%) of hypertension. The hypertension knowledge of the high blood pressure patients showed that around 87.8% of participants had a poor on hypertension management knowledge. Majority of the participants had low medication adherence. The Knowledge of anti-hypertensives and adherence to medication among hypertensive patients have a significant weak positive correlation. Conclusion: Hypertension is an important risk for non-communicable diseases. Knowledge of hypertension can reduce the risk of hypertension complication.

Objective:To assess the knowledge and attitude regarding the health consequences of consanguineous marriage among the students of Khalikot University, Berhampur. Methods:An explorative study was undertaken where a total of 150 samples were taken using stratified random sampling and setting was selected through purposive sampling. The data were collected by using a socio-demographic Performa, structured knowledge questionnaire, and a structured Linkert attitude scale for assessing the knowledge and attitude of students regarding the health consequences of consanguineous marriage. Result:The study reveals that62% of students had moderate knowledge and only 12% of them have inadequate knowledge regarding the health consequences of consanguineous marriage.The mean knowledge score was 11.5 with SD= 3.12. It also reveals that 64% of students have a positive attitude towards the health consequences of consanguineous marriage. The mean attitude score was 68.8 with SD=7.84. A significant positive correlation was established between the knowledge level and attitude score of students on the health consequences of consanguineous marriage (r=0.017). It also showed a significant association of knowledge regarding the health consequences of consanguineous marriage with age, religion, monthly family income, and father’s educational status at 0.05 level of significance (p ≤0.05). Conclusion:Good strategic intervention needs to be adopted to aware and sensitize the people of a different section of the community regarding problems of marring close relatives through a widespread IEC and SBCC ( Social and Behavioral Change Communication) to prevent health consequences from consanguineous marriage.

Introduction: Pregnancy influences the physical and hormonal status of the body and many women experience it as stressful situaton at some point. Objectives: The present study was aimed to assess and compare the level of stress among primi mother of rural and urban  areas during antenatal period. Methods: A descrptive survey was conducted to find out the level of stress. Through appropriate sample size calculation 100 mothers were selected conviniently those were attending antenatal OPD. The questionnaire was developed for measurement of stress based on Wang-34 stress scale. Result: Among the women 84% were form rural and 58% from urban area.In both the groups no one had severe stress. They had moderate level of stress. The mean stress score in rural women was higher than urban women.The difference in level of stress among them was significant at p value < 0.0001. Age, duration of marital life and complication during pregnancy had association with the level of stress. Conclusion: Stress during pregnancy can be dangerous for mother and baby. Finding the ways to reduce the stressful situation is very important for the health of the unborn baby. Counselling services are helpful for managing stress during their pregnancy.

Health in its broadest sense is a dynamic state in which the individual adapts to change in internal and external environments to maintain a state of well-being.  Night shift work is essential to the operation of a hospital. Several studies have shown that working on a night shift as a permanent shift or rotating shift affects the health and well-being of the workers. Night shift workers report poorer health than their day shift counterparts. A descriptive comparative study was conducted in IMS &SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar. 86 staff nurses randomly selected for this study. The objectives of the study were to assess health and wellbeing of night shift nurses working on different intensive care units. To assess health and well-being of night shift nurses working on emergency. To find out the difference between health and wellbeing of night shift nurses working on different medical and surgical ICU. To find out the difference between health and well-being of night shift nurses working in ICU and emergency. The study population were emergency staff nurses, medical and surgical ICU staff nurses of Sum nursing College, Bhubaneswar. Self-structure socio-demographic Performa, knowledge and experience   questionnaire was used to assess the association of knowledge and experience with socio-demographic variables. The data was analyzed by using SPSS version 11.5. The result of the studies revealed that 43% having very hard night shift duty,23.36% having hard night shift duty,8.6% having moderate night shift duty. The present study revealed that age, marital status, total exposure, nurse-patient ratio having no significant relationship with health. In this study revealed that age, educational status, experience, nurse-patient ratio having no significant relationship with well-being

Background:COVID 19 is a highly infectious disease transmits from human to human through respiratory droplets. Remarkable steps have been taken by the Indian government to restrain the spread of the deadly virus. Since nursing students are valuable assets in the fight against the lethal virus, they should be endowed with adequate knowledge. Objective:The objective of the current study is to compare the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the nursing students of Odisha and West Bengal towards COVID 19. Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was carried out among diploma, bachelor, and master degree nursing students of West Bengal and Odisha from 12^th June to 20^th June 2020. A 25 item self-structured questionnaire was applied to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among the nursing students. About 1220 students submitted their responses through the online portal (Google form). Descriptive statistics were used for demographic variables, whereas Independent samples t-test and one-way ANOVA were applied for comparison of KAP scores based on demographic characteristics at 0.05 level of significance. Result:Among the nursing students 64.8% had good knowledge (10.63+ 1.27), 91.15% had positive attitude (3.93+ 0.743) and 99.5% had good practice (4.02+ 0.408). Comparison of KAP scores revealed that females had higher knowledge (9.34+2.24) and attitude (3.78+ 0,92) as compared to the male. It was also found that nursing students of Odisha state had greater knowledge and practice in contrast to the students of West Bengal, with a significant difference. No significant difference was found in the attitude scores between the nursing students based on current residence(p>0.05). Conclusion:  The current study revealed that the majority of the students have good knowledge, a positive attitude, and good practice. But still, a gap in the knowledge was discovered;  amonga few students, which require careful attention.

Objectives:  Find out the effect of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding self-care management of diabetes mellitus among the diabetic patients of the selected community area, Khordha, and to determine the association between post-test scores with selected sociodemographic variables.  Methods:  In this study Quasi-experimental (one group pre and post-test) design was used. Purposive type of sampling technique was used to select fifty no. of diabetic patients of a selected area of Khordha, Odisha as study sample, and Self-structure close-ended multiple-choice questionnaire was used to the collection of information. Result: There were maximum respondents (36%) were within 35-40 years of age. The majority (54%) were males. According to religion, the maximum (96%) were Hindu. According to Educational status, maximum (64%) were graduate. According to previous exposure to STP on self-care management of DM, maximum (84%) were having no previous exposure and analysis is revealed that structured teaching program improved the knowledge of diabetic patients regarding self-care management of diabetes (before intervention 11.66±2.2 & after intervention 23.08±2.31) significantly as calculated “t” value is 34.92 & calculated p-value was ˂0.0001 which is less than 0.05 level of significance. A statistically no significant association was there in between the knowledge score of DM affected people on a structured teaching program of DM  with a sociodemographic variable. Conclusion: On the finding of the study, it was found that a structured teaching program is more practical in upgrading the knowledge of patients on self-management of diabetes which ultimately can improve their health status.

Clinical learning is an integrated part of nursing, is extensively valuable through nursing education.  The study was to identify challenges faced by nursing students in clinical. A quantitative approach was undertaken to assess the nursing students’ perception & challenges faced in the CLE in selected Nursing Colleges of Bhubaneswar. 685 samples were selected by purposive sampling technique & data was collected by Modified CLEI & MPCI. RESULT: As per the perception of nursing students 1.3% having less satisfactory perception & 73% of students having more satisfactory perception in clinical settings. The challenges are; they were unaware about the objectives (43.65%), Clinical Instructor doesn’t have time to assess students (53.13%), Students don’t stay enough time inward (57.21%), Lack of interest on the part of clinical instructor (50.21%), Lack of interest in students (53.72%), Attitude of nurses towards students is not good (49.92), Attitude of patients towards students is not good (78.67%), Unavailability of enough cases to be studied to meet objectives (64.81%), The mentors level of motivation is not good (71.23%) and Inadequate availability of clinical instructors (48.02%). Pearson’s Co-relation shows a moderately negative correlation between the nursing students perception and challenges as the r-value is -0.0188(0<r<0) & P-value is 0.793897 at ≤0.05 level of significance and there is an extremely significant association between professional educational status & distance of clinical areas with nursing students perception, where the type of residence is very statistically significant with nursing students perception where only age is extremely significant with the challenges in CLE. 

Introduction: Orthopedic wards are hazardous places for the acquirement of pathogens, not only pinhole wounds will be infected with microorganisms but inadequately sterilized instruments, environment medical surfaces, and utilization of orthopedic nurses’ knowledge and practice for dressing around pin external fixation without handwashing before any procedure. All of them assist in transmission infection complications from patients to another patient1. Pin site infection is the most common complication. It is documented to be as high as 85% in the Western countries and 71.4% (including major and minor infection) in India2. Objective: The main objective of this study is to assess the knowledge of nursing students before and after the intervention regarding the prevention of pin site infection with external fixators among final year nursing students. Method: A one-group quasi-experimental study design was used for this study. It includes randomization, manipulation, and no control group. The samples for this study were 60 N.D.R.K final nursing students selected through the lottery method. The data collected by using self -structured Knowledge questionnaire on the prevention of pin site infection with external fixators, before introducing the information booklet and three weeks later the post-test was given to the same group. Results: The finding of the pre-test knowledge showed that adequate knowledge in anatomy and physiology of musculoskeletal system (57.3%), moderate knowledge in External fixator (42.0%), and prevention of pin site infection (42.3%).The study related to the level of knowledge regarding prevention of pin site infection among final year b.sc nursing students showed that 61.7% have inadequate knowledge, 38.3% are having moderately adequate knowledge and none are having adequate knowledge. After administering the information booklet 83.3% had adequate knowledge and no one had inadequate knowledge. Considering overall knowledge on pre and post-test scores analyzed by using paired t-test, it showed that the information booklet was effective (0.001) with a mean difference of 12.65 among final year B.sc nursing students.
 

Genomics creates large databases for the discovery, study and production of new therapeutics worldwide. It would not be impossible to imagine that 3 billion base pairs comprising the humanoid  genetic makeupmay now be studied to find genetic differences within the population by artificial intelligence. Large pharmaceutical firms such as Astra Zeneca are aiming to research up to 2 million genomes by 2026 and review vast quantities of patient data points from their clinical drug trials. AI will be used in genomics for multiple omics experiments, such as transcriptomics, as we introduce more instruments. AI is increasingly being used by healthcare firms in accordance with HEOR (Health Economics Outcome Research), i.e. In order to help classify possible clinically important genes, AI is used to combine data produced from genomic studies with analysis from science literature.Machine learning today plays an integral role in the development of the genomics industry. In this paper, we set out to explore the uses of genomics machine learning to help market leaders consider existing and evolving developments in the field. We have discussed history terms and distilled perspectives from various study. Current applications of machine learning  in gene technology boost up future applications of genomics machine learning.

Few studies were carried out concerning the hormonal profile during gestation in humped camel. The aim of  the present work was to study the levels of progesterone hormone at the determined ages humped camel. The fetuses were collected from Cairo abattoir at different gestational ages and taken to the laboratory where the fetal age were determined by crown vertebral rump length (CVR), the developmental standard morphometrically methods were used. Biometrically the weight of the fetus, CVR increased with the advancement of gestational ages (1 ^st trimester to the 3 ^rd. trimester). The hormonal profile of progesterone was estimated by RIA.  The progesterone values showed increasing pattern of 1.8 ± 0.79 ng/ml, 2.38 ± 1.00 ng/ml and 2.95 ± 1.3 ng/ml for the first (up to 4 months), second (4 to 8 months) and third stage of pregnancy (9 months up to full term) respectively. Moreover, this pregnancy may be confirmed by the ultrasound. While in the second stage of pregnancy (4-8 month) it is quite difficult to detect the age of the fetus by ultrasonography; since the fetus is large in size the hormonal level may be of value to determine (approximately) the fetal age.

Background: Currently COVID-19 infection is a global challenge to the medical community. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and respiratory failure require mechanical ventilation. Tracheostomy is needed for prolonged ventilation as COVID-19 infections often escalates, so staying of the patient can be extended in ICU with ventilator.
Objective: To evaluate the details of tracheostomy including patients profile, surgical steps, complications and precautions by health care workers at the intensive care unit (ICU) of the specially assigned hospital for COVID-19 patients.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study in which 22 COVID-19 patients underwent bedside surgical tracheostomy at the ICU. Clinical patient’s profiles such as age, sex, co-morbidities, complication of the tracheostomy, ventilator withdrawal after tracheostomy and nosocomial infections of the health care workers related to tracheostomy were analyzed.
Result: Out of the 22 patients with COVID-19 infections those underwent tracheostomy, 16(72.72(%) were male and 6 (27.27%) were female with age ranged from 42 years to 75 years and a mean age of 64 years. The median duration from the day of the orotracheal intubation to the day of tracheostomy was 13 days.
Conclusion: Surgical tracheostomy on COVID-19 patients is a high risk aerosol generating procedure for health care workers. It should be performed with close association with otolaryngologists, 
anesthesiologists and intensive care physicians along with adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) for smooth management of the general anesthesia and airway.

Summary: In this article author had searched the actual scientific and theoretical issues about the conception law enforcement activity as well as the attributes of its authorities. In the article author also had analyzed the opinions on the complex issues of the difficult system of public service and made his suggestions.

The Kashmir Himalayan wetland ecosystems harbours a  rich diversity of resident and migratory birds, yet have not received adequate attention by the researchers. In view of the pivotal role of bird communities in wetland ecology, we studied the correlative patterns of spatio-temporal structure of the avifaunal and macrophytic communities in Hokersar wetland in relation to habitat complexity and varied water depths, during the breeding season of 2017 and 2018. Greater abundance and diversity of birds was found in emergent vegetation zone where purple moorhens, Indian moorhens, warblers and bitterns predominated and in the willows where mallards, wagtails, starlings and pied cuckoos were dominant. Most of the nests were observed at the water depth ranging between  20-58 cm. The Purple Moorhen and Indian Moorhen were the most abundant birds, whereas, Typha, Phragmites, Trapa, Ceratophyllum and Nymphoides were the most abundant macrophytes in the wetland. Total bird species diversity was highest in the emergent macrophytic vegetation zone, willow (Salix) grooves and the macrophytic species richness was highest in the marshes. Nesting behaviour of birds reflected not only species specific vegetation preferences, but often the negative influence of boat traffic and predator birds nesting in the woody edges of the wetland. While more rigorous studies are suggested , we conclude that holistic knowledge of links between various  life forms inhabiting the wetland is pivotal for evolving appropriate conservation strategies for relatively rarer elements of wetland biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.

Background: Neonatal sepsis considers as a serious health issue throughout the world as it is a major neonatal problem in developed and developing countries.Early diagnosis and proper management of sepsisamong neonates can preventpermanent disability and deathrate in neonates. The vital role of nurses about sepsis and their ability to detect the clinical features of the neonatal sepsis, which helps to make paramount importance for early diagnosis and prompt management. Objectives: To find out the level of knowledge regarding neonatal sepsis among nursing students in selected school of Nursing, Bhubaneswar.To evaluate the effect of self-instructionalmodule on neonatal sepsis among nursing students.To evaluate the association between level of knowledge regarding neonatalsepsis with their selected demographic variables among nursing students. Methods: The present study was carried out as pre-experimental design at selected School of Nursing Bhubaneswar, Odisha. A total 120 number of nursing students were selected by purposing sampling technique. Validity was checked by experts and reliability test wasdone. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: The result shows, in pretest, students (66%) were having poor level of knowledge regarding neonatal sepsis where as in posttest after implication of intervention teaching module, students (68%) were having very good knowledge. Likewise, in pretest 35% were having less knowledge in the area of clinical manifestation and diagnostic evaluation, but in posttest it was increased to 86%. And there was no significant association found with sociodemographic variables. Conclusion: Study concluded that the self-instructional module was effective in increasing the level of knowledge amongnursing students. Nursing personnel can also utilize this module at educational setting as well as clinical setting in improving knowledge of nursing students.

Background: Nurses acts as a frontline healthcare worker and they are facing substantially higher risk of getting infection and death in result to excessive exposure to corona disease. COVID-19 affects all the citizens miserably throughout the world and created physical as well as social distance among people which causes stress for parents of health workers (nurses) who works as warriors during lockdown due to corona disease. So, Objective of this current study attempted to find out the emotional impact among parents of nursing intern students during the outbreak of corona (COVID-19) pandemic and to find out the association between emotional impact on parents of nursing intern students with selected demographic variables. Materials and Methods: Study was carried out as cross-sectional design through online survey method in India. A total 350 number of parents were participated with the help of internet services and Google forms, whatsapp and other social media data were collected. Purposive sampling technique was used for this study. Inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: This study result revealed that all most half of the parents from total samples were reported a severe emotional impact during lockdown and few parents were reported mild emotional impact and less than half of the parents were reported moderate emotional impact for COVID duty during outbreak of Covid-19. And the socio-demographic variables were statistically significant with emotional impact of parents of nursing intern students.Conclusion: Study concluded that outbreak of Nobel corona virus put moderate to severe emotional impact among parents of nursing intern students though nursing personnel works like warriors in this world.

The aim of this study was to investigate the perceived sources of stress and the role of parents in its etiology among dental students in a private dental school in India. A self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ), prepared by WHO, for measuring stress level, was administered to 256 dental students. The main sources of stress were found to be fear of facing parents after failure, full loaded day, and fear of failing course or year. Students whose first choice of admission was dentistry experienced less stress than students whose first choice was another field. Also the students who joined dentistry due to parental pressure showed a greater stress than those who joined of their own accord. Male students experienced greater stress than females. The results of this study indicate that a congenial environment needs to be created for dental education and parents also need to be counseled against forcing their children to join an educational program that is not of their choice.

Introduction:
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of self-structured coping module on the intensityof stress and coping ability within parents of preterm neonates admitted in selected hospitals of Odisha.
Methods and material: A quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test control group design was carried out among 110 patientswhich were chosen by purposive sampling method. self-structured parental stressor scale was applied to measure the level of parental stress among parents of preterm neonates. Modified coping health inventory was used to measure the parental coping strategy.the self-structured coping module was given to the study group. The post-test was conducted after 4 days.
Result: The findings showed a value of 12.58 at p<0.05 level suggests that a self-structured coping module had a significant effect on the level of stress. t value of -20.084 at p< 0.05 level proposed that self-structured coping module had a considerable effect on improving coping strategy among parents of preterm neonates.
Conclusion:The study concluded that a self-structured coping module is one of the contemporary therapies that are proved effective in reducing stress levels and improving coping ability among parents of preterm neonates.

Objective: A descriptive study focused to appraise the language and therapeutic-communication issues in health care practices among student nurses. Evaluate the effectiveness of  structure teaching programmeon language and therapeutic-communication skill. To establish  the association between language and therapeutic-communication issues with selected socio demographic variables among student nurses.
Method:  Current study research approach used was pre-experimental with one-group pre-test post test design. Total 360 participants were selected by using convenient sampling technique. Global interprofessional therapeutic-communication scale (GITCS) was used to collect the data regarding the language and therapeutic-communication issues among the participants. Data was analyze by descript and inferential statistics.
Result: The study resulted that out of 360 students of B.Sc. Nursing and GNM students  maximum 98.9% (356) were 18 to 24 years of age and 92.8%  (334) were female. According to State wise distribution it shows that majority of participants were belongs from Odisha 65.6% (236) and 32.2% (116) participants were from west Bengal. The majority of samples were B.Sc. students that is 64.2% (231) and maximum 32.8% (118) students were in 2^nd year, whereas 27% (98) students were in 1^st year, 23% students were in 4^th year and minimum 17% students were in 3^rd year. The Present study reported that majority of students 35%(126) had average, 34.72% (125) had poor, 11.11% (40) good, 15.28%(55) and 3.89%( 14) had excellent therapeutic-communication skill. After the teaching session in post test repot it was recorded that majority of students had 43.89% (158) good communication skill, 36.67% (132) had very good, 9.72% (35) were in poor, 6.11% (22) had excellent, 3.61% (13) had poor communication skill. The z-test was applied to find out the effectiveness of teaching modue. The calculated z-value was 24.32 which was greater than the tabulated z-value at p˂0.05 level of significance. So, the teaching session was effective. Chi-square association showed language and therapeutic-communication issues were statistically significant with age, state, nursing profession, current year in the profession, other professional degree  
at p-value 0.05 level of significant where gender and highest degree of educationbefore joining nursing is not statistically significant, as P value is greater than 0.05 level of significance.
Conclusion:  Therapeutic communication is an important aspect of health care delivery system. Patients and family members  can achieve positive health outcomes from health care delivery system by this skill. Because of poor interaction between  student nurses and patients, researcher suggested to develop a regular structure module for student nurses. Also suggested that, therapeutic communication should be included their curriculum.

In wireless communication systems some require high data rate which can be greater than 100Mb/s which is a short range. Here ultra-wideband (UWB) systems can be used as it has high channel capacity. The spectrum available in UWB is used in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems with multi band (MB-OFDM) for various applications in communication. The major barrier in communication system is high peak average power ratio (PAPR) due to the disturbances caused in transmitting components which are nonlinear in nature. It is very much essential to reduce the PAPR to maximum extent in MB-OFDM UWB signals. In this paper, Hybrid optimization technique is considered by combining Grey-wolf and firefly algorithm for PAPR reduction. The noise reduction is performed for the UWB signals and results need to be analysed. In this paper the evaluation of proposed algorithm is shown by calculating the error rate per bit (BER) and PAPR. The obtained results are compared with other optimization techniques. Our results demonstrated hybridization of optimization technique is a promising technique for the transmission of MB-OFDM UWB signals compared to genetic algorithm, firefly optimization and grey wolf optimization-based MB-OFDM UWB signal transmission.

The article provides an analytical description of the state of psychological services in local preschools, diagnostic and correctional work in the work of psychologists and child psychology, but not enough in the experimental study of individual features of the psyche, but in favorable conditions for their development various methods and tools are presented, which generalize the theoretical information on the development of the child's psyche and the formation of personality, showing the urgency of them to bring them to the methodological and practical level in practice by psychologists of preschool education. The article considers two types of problems, the solution of which is relevant to our work: the activities of the psychologist of the preschool institution and its methodology; current and future models; acquaintance with the exact content of the psychologist's work in the implementation of diagnostic and corrective work of psychologists and the solution of problems of preschool education in accordance with the ideology of the current and future model of psychological services, which reflects the state of preschool education and its development.
 

This article provides the fundamentals of optical methods and the principles of constructing multifunctional optoelectronic systems for monitoring natural resources based on the effects of disturbed total internal reflection (TIR) and multiple TIR (MTIR). Optical systems with the use of the TIR effect and an analysis of the basic designs of TIR and MTIR sensors are considered, practical diagrams of optoelectronic non-destructive testing systems based on TIR and MTIR are presented.

This paper presents a systematic review of models and methodologies that integrate information and communication technologies (ICT) and education. The starting point of the review is the research questions, then keywords, selection of the databases, definition of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the definition of the search chains, search process and selection of papers, the analysis of the paper, and the results of the systematic review to answer the questions posed. In the systematic review, 316 papers were found in three academic databases and 75 relevant papers were selected. The work developed intends to know the different models and methodologies that integrate ICT and education. The article describes the solution of problems on the subject "Descriptive geometry and engineering graphics" using computer programs and the role of pedagogical information technologies in the process of teaching students in higher educational institutions. Peculiarities of teaching descriptive geometry and engineering graphics as part of the course of engineering graphics aimed at the mastering of AutoCAD and Compass graphic editors are considered by the authors. The authors recommend the incorporation of mini-lectures and computer workshops into the training process.

Research objective: to compare the effectiveness of different drug abortion schemes in late pregnancy in women with a uterine scar in the Republic of Buryatia.
Material and research methods. The study involved 47 women with a scar on the uterus who were shown to terminate a pregnancy for medical reasons in the second trimester. The patients were divided into 2 groups by the method of random numbers. In the first group, the method of pregnancy termination with the Mifepristone 200mg tablet orally and laminar sticks, then after 12-24 hours the Misoprostol 200mcg tablets into the vagina; in the second group, the method of pregnancy termination with the Mifepristone 200mg tablet orally and laminar sticks, then after 12-24 hours the Misoprostol 400mcg tablets into the vagina. The analysis of the miscarriage outcomes, depending on the methods of medical pregnancy termination, taking into account the anamnesis, especially the course of miscarriage, post-abortion period and ultrasound examination data of pelvic organs.
Results: the average time of fetus and placenta expulsion in the first group was 6 hours and 40 minutes, In the second group it equaled 7 hours and 45 minutes. Efficiency in group number 1 was 96.7%, in group number 2 it was 94.1%. The miscarriage was complicated by the incomplete abortion in 4 cases in the first group and in the second group in 2 cases. Control ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs showed an expansion of the uterine cavity from 8 mm to 37 mm, the average value was 15 mm on days 3 and 4 of the post-abortion period.
Conclusion. The most effective and safest method of terminating a pregnancy is medical termination. The scheme of using Mifepristone 200mg tablets orally once, laminar sticks, after 12-24 hours, the 200mcg Misoprostol tablets into the vagina are the most ‘physiological’.

Background: The seventh leading cause of mortality worldwide was assessed as viral hepatitis. Approximately, 50% of mortality attribute to HCV, primary led to liver cirrhosis and tumor. Recently developing of high effective oral DAAs provided opportunity to decreased HCV diseases load and their onward transmission. With the possibility of eradicating HCV, the 'Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis 2016-2021 has recently been formulated by the WHO to eradicate HCV as a public health concern by 2030.MicroRNAs are small noncoding regulatory RNAs and circulate in blood in cell-free stable forms. MiR-122 levels commonly decreased in hepatocellular carcinoma comparing to normal liver and low miR-122 levels associated by bad prognosis. Overexpression of miR-122 diminishes tumorigenic properties in HCC cell lines, signifying its function as tumor suppressor gene.
Objective: to evaluate miR-122 level at end of HCV treatment by DAAs and compare the results with miR-122 level in HCC patients, to assess the risk of HCC after DAAs treatment.
Patients and Methods: A prospective case control study held at Ain Shams University hospital. Forty participants were included and further divided into:
                      Group A: (10) HCV -ve participants as control group,
                     Group B: (10) HCV infected patients with HCC, 
                     Group C: (10) HCV infected patients (F1, F2) treated with sofosbuvir, daclatasvir +/-Ribavirin for 12 weeks
                     Group D: (10) HCV infected patients (F3, F4) treated with sofosbuvir, daclatasvir +/-Ribavirin for 12 weeks.
Results: Baseline MiR-122 level was significantly lower in HCC patients than chronic HCV patients and normal controls with cutoff value ≤0.26 showing 80% sensitivity and 70% specificity. MiR-122 was significantly reduced at end of HCV therapy with DAAs in (F3, F4) patients than those with early fibrosis stages (F1, F2).
 Conclusion: HCV treatment with DAAs leads to miRNA 122 reduction more in (F3, F4) patients than those with early fibrosis stages (F1, F2), which may be related to hepatocarcinogenesis.

Objective: This study aimed to assess FLM before labour to minimize the incidence of neonatal RDS in cesarean section deliveries by measuring fetal pulmonary artery doppler indices.
Methods: This observational cross sectional study was performed on 100 women undergoing cesarean sections from August 2017 till October 2020 at Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University. Detailed history, physical examination, detailed obstetric ultrasound examination were done. By using 2D voluson pro-730 ultrasound equipped with a 3 to 5 MHz convex array sector transducer with comment on placental location and maturity, fetal biometry (BBD, HC, FL, AC), estimated fetal weight and amniotic fluid index. fetal MPA waveform was obtained, relevant Doppler velocity variables were manually traced three times and the average was taken. The variables included the systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratio, pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), PSV and the At/Et ratio. Neonates are assessed by a pediatrician to diagnose presence of respiratory distress. For statistical analysis, we used the Statistical Packages for Software Sciences (SPSS) version 21.
Results: Mean age of patients was 28.28 years old, mean gestional age was 38.354 weeks.  Mean amniotic fluid index was 7.37.  mean neonatal birth weight was 3078 gram. Seventeen percent has developed RDS while, Fourteen percent was admitted to NICU. All patients had delivered by CS. Seventy-eight percent of them had elective CS. there is significant relation between development of RDS and gestational age at delivery. mean S/D ratio 6.866. mean PI 2.17 cm/S. mean RI 0.768 cm/S. mean PSV 68.255 cm/S. mean AT/ET ratio 0.312. There is statistically significant relation between RDS development and each of S/D ratio, PI, RI, and AT/ET ratio. (S/D ratio, PI and RI were significantly higher in neonates had RDS while those patients had significantly lower AT/ET ratio). There is statistically non-significant relation between RDS development and PSV. The best cutoff of AT/ET ratio in diagnosis of respiratory distress among our studied neonates was<0.283 with area under curve 0.868 with sensitivity 82.4%, specificity 97.6%, positive predictive value (PPV) 87.5%, negative predictive value (NPV) 96.4% and accuracy 95% (p<0.05)
.The ability of S/D ratio, PI, RI and PSV to predict RDS development had the same sensitivity but lower specificity compared with that of At/Et .

A study has conducted to explore the relationship between the total Institution and drug addicts’ rehabilitation at Milo Shaheed Trust Quetta. The study aims to analyses the significance of closed environment and rehabilitation of drug addicts. Inmates are de-socialize and re-socialize in Milo Shaheed Trust. In this survey, an open and close ended interview is conducted by two staff members and fifteen patients of the trust for the qualitative nature of information. This study highlights the drug addicts’ daily life in total institution and different treatments for the drug addicts. Furthermore, it has been observed that the role of trust as total institution for resocialization is crucial by the help of Institution and patient’s family. There are many members that are re-socialized and offer their social duties of the daily routine of life. 

Health care facilities are the prime aspects of living a healthy life. The life of char
chapari dwellers are already engulfed with issues of poverty, illiteracy, and challenges of health
and sanitation adds up to their plies. In the Sonitpur district, only 9 % of women make to the
hospital at the time of delivery whereas 90% of women still opt for untrained dhais for delivery of
their babies. Moreover open defecation has led to the host of various diseases. The study highlights
the health and sanitation status of the char chapari dwellers, their accessibility to better health care
facilities. A qualitative survey of the char chapari dwellers of Bhojkhowa and Makua chapari of
Tezpur Assam is observed. From the household sample survey conducted on the chaparis, table and
chart is prepared for analyzing the overall accessibility of these people in terms of health and
sanitation. The findings of the survey include suggestion for the better development of these
people.

Cancer, a metastatic disorder disruptsnormal growth and metabolic activities leads to Malignancy. Without signs and symptoms,prostate cancer is one increasing in men day by day and more than 1.1 million cases were recorded by 2012.It has been shown that basal epithelial cells are more potent in the conversion of PCaandsome of the luminal cells are castration resistant completely lost due to apoptotic cell death mechanism. After Androgen replacement therapy castration becomes a weapon for the identification of the altered mechanistic aversion of prostate cancer from stem cells. These cancer stem cells are the elusive therapeutic targets for present oncotherapies which are responsible for disease recurrence and metastases. The main aim of the present study is to isolate and characterize Prostate cancer stem cells based on prostate specific cell surface markers in prostate cancer tissues. In this study we have taken 6 prostate tissues and isolated CD 133 and CD 44 positive cells through Florescence staining method. Further isolation has done through MACS which has been cultured and taken from DMEM media. In conclusion confirmation of isolated cells as prostate cancer stem cells was done through western blot based on the identification of other markers OCT-4 and MDR-1.

The placement of immediate implants in the fresh extraction sockets of infected teeth with periradicular/ periapical lesions is contraindicated because of the infection with subsequent loss of bone essential for implant placement. A 47-year-old female patient reported to the clinic with multiple carious and missing teeth. The patients also had numerous faulty restorations. Tooth # 14 showed a sizeable periapical defect which would compromise the success of the implant. Hence, it was decided to prepare the implant site by interim endodontic therapy. The implant site healed post-endodontic treatment, and an immediate implant was placed. The provisional treatment improved for the most part prognosis of the patient’s dental care. When treated, the hopeless teeth can serve many preventive, biologic, and aesthetic functions. The reported case has clinically demonstrated that interim endodontic implant site preparation, when performed correctly can eliminate the hopeless tooth infection, regenerate bone and facilitate satisfactory immediate implant placement. Hence, this approach can be used as an alternative to hopeless tooth extraction and limiting the disadvantages associated with tissue regeneration procedures.
 

A wound is a break in the continuity of the skin. The body’s response to injury and the restoration of the same is healing. Wound healing is a biological process that is initiated by trauma and often terminated by scar formation. In this research, guava leaf extract was used as antiseptic and its efficacy was tested to commercially available products. The result revealed that all mice which received guava leaf extract formed scar earlier as compared to povidone iodine and PNSS. Since maturation phase which also refers to remodeling phase is responsible for the new epithelium and final scar tissue formation, and as the development of these completes the complex process of wound healing, the researchers suggest that the use of guava leaf extract in comparison with povidone iodine and PNSS when it comes to wound healing is the most effective treatment in promoting normal and more rapid wound healing.

The main focus of this study is to provide scientific validation ofAyabirungarajakarpam(ABK), a herbo-metallic synergistic Siddha formulation which is commonly used as anti-anemic drug. The herbal formulations have been the source of treatment of anemia before the invention of synthetic medicines because the diseases are born with human and drug came in to existence since a very early period to relieve people from their ailments. The traditional medicine which is in use from the time immemorial are found to be derived from natural sources because of remarkable therapeutic effects and less side effects. The 116 Iron deficiency anemic(IDA) patients both sex with age limit range of 19-60 with the typical clinical signs of IDA and the Hb within the range of 7-11gm/dl were enrolled after obtaining written consent.The patients were asked to attend the OPD once in fifteen days to collect the medicines as well as to assess the physical complain. The laboratory investigation was performed three times 0th, 48th, 90th day during the course of study. The trial drug Ayabirungarajakarpam 500mg with lime juice twice a day was given for 48 days and then the patients were asked to attend the OPD 72th  day to assess the clinical signs and 90th day to assess clinical signs as well as the laboratory investigation..The patients treated with ABK has got relief more than 90% for all the signs and symptoms reported here and well as significant increased in Hb, RBC,PCV, haematological indices and improvement of peripheral blood smear indicate the potency of ABK in reducing symptoms and haematinic activity. No any treatment related side effects have been reported during the course of study. Hence, ABK can be claimed as safe drug for oral therapy in human for the management of IDA.

Introduction: Diabetic Asian Indians compared to westerners are highly prone to end-organ complications resulting in mortality. Few studies are being done in India to assess cardiac complications in diabetic nephropathy. This study was done to evaluate the role of glycated albumin in assessing cardiovascular events in diabetic nephropathy patients.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted at Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai and G.S.L.Medical College and Hospital, Rajahmundry. This case control study included 170 participants of 45 to 60 years old from both sexes. Study had four groups; group I: 45 nondiabetic apparently healthy individuals, Groups II, III and IV individuals who had type 2 diabetes mellitus for atleast five years; 45 diabetics with normoalbuminuria, 40 diabetics with microalbuminuria and 40 diabetics with macroalbuminuria in groups II to IV respectively. The study was approved by ethics committees of both the institutes. Written informed consent was obtained. HbA1c and glycated albumin were analyzed by immunoturbidometry, ion exchange chromatography and ELISA respectively. The obtained data were checked for normal distribution. Appropriate statistical tools were used; P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The statistical analyses were performed in SPSS software version 16.0.
Results: There was significant increase in glycated albumin. There was a positive correlation between GA and HbA1c. The cutoff level of GA was 176.50pmol/mL.
Conclusion: Glycated albumin is a good prognostic indicator of carotid artery atherosclerosis, retinopathy and postprandial hyperglycemia. Glycated albumin levels can assess the cardiovascular events in diabetic nephropathy.

Detailed examination of the root morphology and anatomy is critical for complete cleaning and shaping of the root canal system for successful outcome. The current case presentation describes a rare case of maxillary canine with two roots. While clinical examination it was reported that the offending tooth had severe pain to cold test. Detailed radiographic examination by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed additional root in the maxillary canine. Complete root canal treatment was done and the tooth remained clinically and radiographically asymptomatic at 6 months follow-up.
 

Ayurveda has considered all the skin diseases under a common head known as kuṣṭharoga. The term kuṣṭha, in English known as leprosy, literally means discoloration, disgrace, disfiguration of the normal skin texture. Amarakośa, the lexicographical work defines the term kuṣṭha as vyādhiḥ kuṣṭhaṁ pāribhāvyaṁ vyāpyaṁ pākalamutpalaṁ/ śamkhinī corapuṣpī syātkeśinyatha vitunnakaḥ//^[i]Ayurveda states that skin made up of seven layers against the modern thinking of three layers i.e. epidermis, dermis and hypo dermis. According to Śuśrutasaṁhitā, tvacā or skin has seven layers viz. avabhāṣiṇī, lohita, sveta, tāmra, vedinī, rohiṇī and maṁsadhara. These layers, when get affected by imbalanced doṣas i.e. vital energetic forces of body; give rise to different skin diseases.^[ii] A number of Ayurvedic treatises deal with the diseases of skin along with its healing system viz. Carakasaṁhitā, Bhaiṣajyaratnāvalī, Ātreyasaṁhitā etc. On the other hand, the second hymn of first anuvāk of first chapter of Atharvaveda has dealt with kuṣṭharoga and discussed regarding its symptoms and ailments. Besides these, Gaḍurapurāṇaṁ also gives us an exhaustive discussion on kuṣṭharoga. The aim of this paper is to discuss about kuṣṭharoga regarding its types, symptoms and ailments on the basis of Carakasaṁhitā and Gaḍurapurāṇaṁ.
 

We characterize it as our information on things that impact stress and the techniques to strip worry innocuously of our body framework. It is likewise a bunch of strategies that experts do, to assist us in adapting to different sorts of stress and burnout. There are a few factors that could contribute to an individual experiencing a wide range of stress. Frequently, workers wind up in a mess with regards to what their occupation involves, and they may even concern with respect to whether they may lose their positions during the current pandemic situation.
The point of the investigation is to examine the stress and burnout among the workers. The goal of the investigation is to identify the components causing stress among the workers. The investigation additionally incorporates discovering the degree of stress and sort of stress of workers on various age gathering.
Surveys were coursed among the representatives to have a genuine criticism to know territories of progress which the essential information and optional information was gathered through different sources like audits, books, diaries, magazines, and sites. The researcher used a convenient sampling technique and the sample size of the study was taken as 120.  The study reveals the employee’s opinion about the overall effectiveness of stress management was satisfactory and effective. A few areas of dissatisfaction are also identified and suggestions and recommendations are also given
 

Objectives: 5-Flourouracil loaded to MWCNTs as carbon nanotubes possess pronounced imminent in cancer therapy.  The rationale is to conjugate the drug with MWCNTs and to prepare novel carrier delivery system for cancer to enhance the release of drug from F-MWCNTs-5Fu composite and to recognize conceivable effects and release of anticancer drug.
 
Methods: Multi walled carbon nanotubes empower covalent and Non covalent functionalization. Multi-functionalized MWCNTs loaded with anticancer drug. Formulations are considered according to DOE. The characterization studies of F-MWCNTs-5Fu composite were completed by FT-IR, SEM, TGA, and TEM. The analysis entrust the increase in particle size, and zeta potential. Drug loading efficiency and In-vitro release of drug was statistical analyzed.
 
Results: Our study consists of 6 factors with 3 levels, for designing the experiments L18 orthogonal array needs to be selected based on number of degree of freedom (DOF). Total number of DOF = (No of levels – 1)× No of main factors =(6-1)*1+(3-1) =11 neglecting the interaction factors, So total number of (DOF) + 1 is the minimum number of experiments. SEM and TEM images explicate that, the drug loaded to pristine MWCNTs and established by particle size analyzer. The drug entrapment efficiency outcome indicates more than 60% of drug entrapment was achieved.
 
Conclusion:  Functionalization process help to boost the release of drug in controlled manner and upsurges the dispersion of the formulations. Prepared Functionalized MWCNTs-5Fu approaches with heightened development in medical use. FT-IR spectrum exemplifies the drug attached to MWCNTs, Functionalized MWCNTs-5Fu formulations releases the drug with good percentage and the obtained results were analyzed statistically.
 

      “  Economics  is  the  study  of  mankind  in  the  ordinary  business  of  the  life;  it  examines  that  part  of  individual  and  social  action  which  is  most  closely  connected  with  the  attainment  and  with  the  use  of  material  requisites  of  well  being “  

Family planning survives are the process that persons or couples look forward to attain their desired numbers of children and prepare plan for length of between births. Family planning clear affect the health of women, children, and families economical and socially on worldwide especially those in developing countries. That is family planning helps women avoid unplanned or unwanted pregnancies, and prevent unsafe abortions. This study aimed to identify factors that affect women’s family planning practice in Ethiopia. In this study, the data source is EDHS 2016 with a total of 4,392 women of age 15-49 years.  Descriptive statistics, single level multinomial logistic regression model were used for statistical analysis. Descriptive result show that about 23.9% of the women practiced family planning while 76.1 % did not practice family planning method. The multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that the independent variable like place of residence, age of a woman, religion of a woman, educational level of women, wealth index, heard FP method by TV  in the last 12 month, visited health facility last 12 month, heard FP method on radio in the last 12 month, marital status, desire to more children,  women currently working,  number of living children of women and visited by FP worker in  last 12 months were found to be significant predictors for women’s family planning practice. The study recommends government and non-government organizations should focus on educating women and improving employment opportunities for, Promote family planning by providing better information, supply, access and services about family planning as well as good health centers across all the country.

“Pursuit of Aesthetic Pulchritude: A Delve into Ted Hughes’ “Salmon-taking Times” and “Low Water”” surfaces the aesthetic pulchritude of nature that the poet has perceived in his scenic world. The present research paper analyses “Salmon-taking Times” and “Low Water” from River, a dexterous and passionate chronicle of nature, to discover the facets of aesthetic beauty. The principles of Aestheticism have been employed to discover the pulchritude that Hughes has relished in the natural world. This research paper has applied the tenets of Immanuel Kant’s Aestheticism to analyse the selected poems. Ted Hughes, ranked as one of the best poets of 20^th century British literature, is an ardent lover of nature who has vindicated the notion of the eminent Aesthetic critic Theodor W. Adorno.

An Integrated Automatic Fingerprint Detection Service (IAFDS) is used to analyze fingerprint image enhancement. Fingerprint images are typically improved by reducing unknown fact ration to identify good and clear fingerprints and Integrated Automatic Fingerprint Detection Service (IAFIS) is mainly to get accurate results. All images having some noisy data which are enhanced by using a filtering method which aims to improve output image with the components of spatial frequency, pixel directions of input image. An experimental description is useful improve fingerprint images using Gabor Filter (GF) is presented in this paper. Domain lattices are fixed in the certain limit range of spatial frequency and window Hanning are fixed. By adjusting all the given parameters of the proposed transformation function in the specified range, substantial improvement of contrast of masses is achieved along with the suppressing of background tissues. In this paper, we approach different filters with Hex-Gabor Filter (HBF) to enhance the fingerprint image to execute the two major operations which are preprocessing in image enhancement and interpolation method. It is because of these reasons numerous specialists have examined the chance of utilizing a hexagonal structure to speak to advanced pictures. Wavelet likewise have its own preferred position and joining wavelet and handling of pictures in Hexagonal structure, that additionally will give better execution, on the grounds that hexagonal wavelet incorporates the benefits of the hexagonal matrix alongside the wavelets. Using proposed HBF method, sigma value is 2/pi can be obtained and the value of sigma meaning is proven. An experimental findings demonstrate that the HBF increases the representation of the fingerprint better than other methods of filtering and removing features

The Pygmalion approach towards English Language teaching and learning is based on the positive form of self-fulfilling prophecy that shows how teachers' expectations lead to an increase in the students' performance. The objective of this paper is to develop, encourage, and create the right climate and input pattern for teaching English (LSRW), which would bring in a real transformation in the classroom. A close observation of undergraduate students of Bangalore University, their performance related to their curriculum both literature and language skills( LSRW) in four different classrooms with   50 to 60 contact hours was taken up for serious study.  In each of the classrooms, motivation was a strong driving force to usher in a strong sense of self-esteem, converting average students to extraordinary performers. First, seeking to understand than to be understood, creating an ecology of transformation and care for students was the promise of this new approach. More specifically, it was observed that nonverbal behavior, spatial behavior, extra-linguistic behavior, and linguistic behavior played an excellent role in enhancing language skills. To conclude, new dimensions in the interaction between teachers and students' expectations, which need to be a pure transaction without distortion and disruption, were emphasized during teaching and learning.
 

Upper body power holds significant influence on performances of various sports. The battling rope exercises achieved the highest peak and mean VO2, highest energy expenditure and highest exercise heart rate when compared to the other exercises⁸. Plyometric exercise has evidence of improvement in isokinetic shoulder power, throwing velocity, serve velocity in hand ball and tennis players⁷. These exercises can have a great impact in athletics and power gaining fitness programs which can help people get a better result in their performance.  Though we have various implements to gain upper body power, still it remains as a question, which one is better on improving the upper body power and hence new tools like battle rope exercise and upper body Plyometrics is yet to be explored further. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of battle rope exercise and upper body Plyometrics in upper body power with help of medicine ball explosive power test. Procedure: An Experimental study was conducted on 30 subjects with 15 in Battle Rope (BR) BR Group and 15 in Upper Body Plyometrics (UBP) BR Group all were subjected to medicine ball explosive power test at the end of 4 weeks. Statistical Analysis:         Mean and Standard deviation are calculated. Paired t-test and Unpaired t-test is used for testing statistical significance. Result: From the statistical analysis, both groups showed extremely satisfied statistical significance between their pre and post-exercise values (p<0.0001). Also, there is a significant difference in post-exercise values of both groups (p<0.01) which denotes that BR group values are higher than the UBP group values. Conclusion:  Thus, the study concludes that the Battle Rope Exercise is more effective in improving the upper body power than the Upper Body Plyometrics.

A definitive issue always occuring in cloud is security. To vanquish the issues or issues of security, another strategy called Fog processing is introduced. The health information is taken from different sensors and fog framework is utilized in dissecting the hypertensive stage. The security of the patient's health information is significant. As the fog has many security issues, the strategy of encryption uses AES computation used here to secure the information of the fog. AES figuring is the most safeguarded about method of encryption for security. The datasets are examined and inspected encryption technique over those datasets. Further, execution of encryption is overviewed over picked datasets for precision if the whole information is sufficiently blended and unscrambled close by the time, User load, Response time, Memory Utilization over document size.

This study presents the Chemical Reaction Optimization (CRO) algorithm for making sense of most dependable parameters of the PID controller as an improvement invention for the end-to-end congestion control using the technique of Active Queue Management (AQM) which can safeguard a minute amount of queuing delay. By the use of a set of CRO rules, even though the PI (Proportional-Integral) controller for AQM design improves the solidness, the transitory exhibition of the PI controller isn't at the best, which incorporates the managing time that is excessively long. Therefore, as to win over this drawback, this paper, the PID (Proportional-Integral-Differential) controller is proposed to accelerate the responsiveness of AQM machine. Because of this, lately, researchers have carried out a random search approach which includes Particle swarm optimization (PSO), Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), and Genetic Algorithm (GA) to discover the choicest parameters for PID controller. Among modern-day heuristics algorithms, Chemical Reaction Optimization (CRO) turned and it combines functions of both GA and Simulated Annealing (SA) to find worldwide minimal in seeking space. The test model reproduction results effectively show the adequacy of the proposed calculation and its preferences over other current calculations.
 

For a moment, the globe has shut down for novel Corona virus (COVID 19) outbreak and made the human stuck with their regular life.  Human has evolved with various epidemics and diseases since ages. These kinds of novel diseases/ virus are being spread from animals/birds to human. Spread is vital due to the technological and transportation advancements. The cause of virus not only infects living beings but also produce major decline in economic growth of entire world.  This article focuses on the discussion of viruses which causes major impact during last century in terms of origin, symptoms, causes and medications. Impacts on social and economic aspects are also analyzed and suggested future needs and research perspectives to prevent, control and tackle these kinds of pandemic spreads. 

This paper presents an efficient method to delineate the degenerated portion of the spinal cord from magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the patients. One of the major issue in human body is back pain. To diagnose the problems in lumbar region of spine we use deep learning neural networks using Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN) algorithm which can take in an input image, assign importance to various aspects/objects in the image and be able to differentiate one from the other .By using this CNN algorithm we get a meticulous result.. Spine is the principal transmission pathway for neural signals between the brain and the rest of the body. The primary purpose of this paper is to compare various methods used for segmentation of spine. Matlab has been used to perform spine segmentation and classification.Our approach produces better segmentation results than other existing methods.
 

The very fast growth of the business world insists on the demand for integration of heterogeneous data process. The mapping of data in different heterogeneous hierarchical data is complex in the business aspect and XML is considered a hierarchical structure. In the existing literature, the mapping process is done using a synonyms table in a hierarchical structure. This approach becomes complex when retrieving the data in a hierarchical structure and uses more space for the mapping process. This work explores the mapping of different heterogeneous data using AI-MKMT (Artificial Intelligence-Multiple Key feature Mapping Technique) which uses less space. First, the standard data format is generated from the user-defined hierarchical data with SAX being used for standardization. Then, the mapping process is done among heterogeneous hierarchical structures based on the AI-MKMT technique by predefined rules. The heterogeneity of the hierarchical data structure is analyzed with an enhanced ID3 machine learning approach which generates precise and consistent data that is used in the AI mapping process. This work is applied in the marketing industry for predicting the behavior of the customer.

The modernization of technology, particularly in the hospitality and tourism industry, has motivated the tourist to change their style in daily life; from the traditional style to the online style in travel decision. Yet, travellers are gradually looking for travel reviews online by looking at travel reviews before making any booking on the tour packages. Therefore, this study aims to examine the reliability and validity tests of review variation and review recommendations on tourist behaviour.  Around 100 questionnaires were distributed amongst the tourist in Kuala Lumpur area to validate the measurement instrument for this study.Hence, this study provides overall support for the proposed instruments for further research as the measuring instruments used in this study are reliable, and the data are proven by rational normal.

Teachers are the pillar of the educational system.  Teaching is a noble profession and is also considered as an art. Therefore, effective teaching is no simpler. Generally a teacher can learn while teaching. Effectiveness of teaching is understandable and successful delivered by a teacher is significant factor in teaching. Teachers can improve their knowledge with their effective teaching as well as it will also create a great experience of satisfaction. In order to make the teaching more meaningful, the teachers have to deliver the class in an effective way. The study is an attempt to examine the level of teaching effectiveness of teachers belongs to UG and PG colleges in Hyderabad.

Background/Objective(s): Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory tooth supporting network involving the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone by the main pathogenic bacteria Phorphyromonas gingivalis. The RANKL-RANK bond stimulates the maturation of preosteoclasts into osteoclasts, resulting in alveolar bone resorption. Lumbricus rubellus earthworm extract has activities as anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory, which can inhibit NFKB and reduce pro-inflammatory cytokine. The aim of this study was to decide the effect of Lumbricus rubellus (EEW) earthworm extract on decreasing the number of osteoclasts.
Materials and Methods: Experimental study with a post test only group design. Each of the five Wistar rats in each treatment was made periodontitis by induction of P gingivalis and silk ligature bacteria. Treatment of rats: control / not given EEW (P0), oral EEW administration 200mg / kg / bb (P1), topical EEW administration of 20% (P2). Decavutation on day 3,7,14,21 for evaluation of osteoclasts. The study was conducted at the Analytical Laboratory and the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University.
Result: Day 3 the number of osteoclasts did not differ significantly in each group (p> 0.05) but between the control-topical group and the oral-topical group there were significant differences (p <0.05). Day 7 there were no significant differences in either group (p> 0.05) or between treatment groups (p> 0.05). Day 14 there were significant differences in each treatment group (p <0.05). There were significant differences between the control-oral group and the control-topical group (p <0.05), where in the oral-topical group there were no different meanings. Day 21 shows the same results as the 14th day.
Conclusion: Giving EEW for up to 7 days has not provided effective results for decreasing the number of osteoclasts. Giving EEW is quite effective on day 14, so also on day 21 shows the same results. The decrease in the number of osteoclasts by oral and topical administration on days 14 and 21 gave the same effect.

Children’s mental health should be given utmost importance to prevent psychological issues in future. Recent study reveals children with sleeping disorder at young age will likely to get affected by mental disorders during adolescent. Further shocking reports prevails in medical field, creating a kind of panic among parents.  One such serious developmental disorder among children is Autism Spectrum Disorder, which impairs the child’s communication and interaction. Autism is a neurological disorder, which has lifelong effect on child’s development. The aim of this paper is to provide a complete overview of autism disorder and its underlying facts. This paper also explores and intervene the diverse research topics like neural networks, image processing, data mining and other advancements applied to early intervention of ASD in children.

This research paper focuses on globalisation and employment with special emphasis on women workers. The first part is an analysis of the impacts of globalisation on employment and second part consists of an analytical discussion on the effects of globalisation on women employees in general. The work also touches briefly on the recent trends of women employment. In the end, the paper discusses gender equality in employment around the world.

- Hiren alkanet dye nanoparticles were successfully prepared by using simple ball milling technique at room temperature. UV-vis. absorption, XRD, TEM, FT-IR spectroscopy and SEM were used to characterize alkanet dye nanoparticles. The prepared alkanet dye nanoparticles were used as active ingredient for printing cotton, wool and polyester fabrics via dye printing technique and pigment printing technique. Factors of printing process were studied such as Mordanting of Substrates, thickeners type, urea concentration and Printing Paste pH for first paste and urea concentration, Printing Paste pH and binder concentration for second paste. Results shows fabrics printed with alkanet dye nanoparticles via mentioned two methods shows very good to excellent fastness properties with full green method. These data indicated that printed samples have high quality for colour strength without any environmental hazards compared with other conventual and nanotechnological aspects.

The telecommunication industry in India has gone through significant changes in growth, market share, and technological advancement in the last decade. Such momentum and rapid growth of the telecommunication sector has invited more players into the industry, leading to an increase in competition. Concurrently, the expectations of users have also increased due to the rise in awareness of services and bargaining power, caused by the service providers’ urge to capture the market share. Any decline in service quality results in customers’ dissatisfaction, coercing them to switch to other service providers. In order to curtail customer attrition, service providers adopt a relationship-marketing tool known as Customer Relationship Management (CRM). Evidence of the role of CRM in improving the service quality helps providers to retain customers. Therefore, this paper aims to review the role of CRM in improving the service quality of telecommunication network providers in India. The in-depth review revealed skeptic views on the effectiveness of CRM in improving the service quality. Further, it was found that the impact of CRM varied with demographic backgrounds of customers. Based on these findings, the present paper suggests more studies spanning across India. The inclusion of customers from different demographic backgrounds is suggested to comprehend the role of CRM practices in improving the service quality of telecommunication network providers.

The model of integrated tourism logistics in Nakhon Pathom Province is an integration of the collaboration, during the demand forecasting, tourist service, processing orders, communication, transportation process, inventory control and warehouse management. It was found that Route A day trip tour, Route B 1 day 1 night tour, and Route C 2 days, 1 night tour; there was no central agency that provided information on the tour routes. Six stakeholder groups have created an alternative program for tourists' decision making including budget-based tourism, tourism by major tourist attractions, tourism by type of tourism and tourism with multiple conditions.

Electrical discharge machining process is a popular non-traditional machining process widely used to machine any conducting material irrespective of hardness and strength. In the present work, remarkable improvement of machining performances like material removal rate (MRR), Tool Wear Rate (TWR) and Surface Roughness (SR) have been observed using SiC powder mixed in the usual EDM oil while machining Ti-6Al-4V material. It is also observed that there is decrease of crack density of the machined surface due to addition of SiC powder in EDM oil. At last, optimum sets of process parameters have been reported using MRSN technique in both powder mixed case and without powder mixed case.

Eigenvalue analysis of electromagnetic wave propagation for circular domain with and without the presence of the crack is done. Combination of triangular and quadrilateral edge elements are used to discretize the circular domain. Conversion algorithm is used to convert the nodal element data to edge element data. We compared the results of both the domains obtained with edge element along with the analytical and nodal element values. Convergence study is also performed to know the effectiveness of both lower and higher order edge elements for normal and cracked circular domains. For the cracked circular domain, nodal elements fail to capture the singular eigenvalue which is well captured by the edge element.

The study investigated the determinants of economic efficiency among Hoaloc-mango growers in Vietnam.  The result revealed that the mean economic efficiency of the cooperative farmer group was greater than that of the non-cooperative farmer group in seasons 1, and 2, and less than in season 3. The positive determinants of the economic efficiency of the cooperative farmer group were age, and education in season 1, credit access in seasons 2, and wrapping bag and classifying sale in season 3, while the negative factors were farming experience, credit access, payment for the agro-input wholesaler, market access, classifying sale, plant density in season 1, age, education, credit access, wrapping bag, market access in season 2, and farming experience, credit access, and plant density in season 3. The positive factors of EE in the non-cooperative farmer group were credit access, and plant density in seasons 1, credit access, and market access in season 2, and farming experience, classifying sale, and plant density in season 3. On the other hand, the negative determinants of economic efficiency of non-cooperative farmer group were age, wrapping bag in season 1, education, farming experience, and classifying sale in season 2, and age, education, and payment for the agro-input wholesaler in season 3.

The classification of brain tumors in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is very significant for diagnosis and detecting the tumors in the medical world. The major advantages of MRI are soft tissue analysis and non-invasive but the drawback is a long time consumed by a medical expert to draw conclusions. The classification algorithms help in order to overcome the disadvantage of MRI. In this work, brain tumor classification is done based on the GLCM feature values where 165 brain medical images are presented. The main aim of this work is solving the cancer classification by implementing 3 different classifiers such as NB (Naïve Bayes), NN (Neural networks), and SVM RBF (Support vector machine Radial Basis Functions). The features of the images are extracted using GLCM and further, the feature values are classified as either affected or not affected. Among 3 classification approaches, NN achieves superior accuracy (99%) with less error rate.

In this paper, we consider the third order non-linear difference equations of the form We establish new oscillation results for the third order equation by using Riccati transformation technique. Examples are given to illustrate the importance of the results.
 

In this paper, the idea of minimal inverse dominating set (IDS) in a graph G(V,E) is presented. A set  ofG (V,E) is anIDSof G , if I is the dominating set of the sub graph, D is a minimal dominating set ofthe G. A minimal IDS in a graph G is anIDSthat contains no IDSas a proper subset. A minimum cardinality among all the IDSis an ID number of G(V,E), and it is denoted by . Further theIDS and ID number of various special graphs like Bidiakis cube,Durer graph,Golomb graph and etc. have been discussed.

In this article, Laplace transform and new perturbation methods are implemented to study the problem of the chemical kinetics problem analytically.  This method is used to solve the chemical kinetics problem. This problem is formed by a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. In this perturbation method the solution is obtained in the approximate form with simply computed components. The results of the maximal error remained values show that the present method is very effective and reliable.

In this paper, the authors introduce and investigate the general solution and generalized Ulam-Hyers stability of a generalized young type of additive-quadratic functions, where n   is a positive integer with a,b,c are not equal to zero, in Banach Space and Banach Algebras using direct method approach

This paper is on Butler’s Clay’s Ark, constitutes the beginning of a history played out in the earlier volumes. A man returns to earth from a distant galaxy, inadvertently carrying a disease organism that begins the transformation of the human race. The organisms invade and recode human DNA. Threatening the lives of their hosts if they are not transmitted to other humans. Because transmission requires the breaking of the skin of the uninfected person, the organisms trigger violent behavior and overwhelming lust. The children of the inevitable sexual couplings between infected individuals are not human; they look like catlike, graceful animals and mature rapidly into highly intelligent quadrupeds with superhuman senses of smell and hearing. Resistance to the organism’s need to spread, which is impossible except in the case of isolated individuals, ensures physical and mental anguish culminating in death. Clay’s Ark the least utopian of the patternist book presents three recently infected individuals attempting to maintain their humanity, which in this context signifies their control over biological drives.

Dysarthria is a communication disorder resulting from acquired progressive neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, motor neuron disease, multiple sclerosis, and Huntington’s disease. Speech is formed by the acoustic excitation of the vocal tract by an air stream resulting from the lungs and pulsed at a rate that is determined by the vibration of the speakers’ vocal folds. EGG Signal of different dysarthria patients are gathered.  Wavelet packet coefficient are analysed to extract the energy and entropy measures in different sub band.
Based on this, value clustering is done to group the similar wave sub bands with similar lung air flow. Here feature selection is performed by using kmeans clustering based Cuckoo search algorithm (Improved cuckoo search algorithm). In the modified algorithm, modification is performed on the grouping of the attributes using kmeans clustering. Due to clustering new combinations of feature subset are created, hence can select important features very easily in shorter time.Finally dysarthria diagnosis is performed by using (GA based layered recurrent neural network (LRNN)) GA is used to optimise the weight and bias. In this work, we have included lung capacity as one of the feature in identifying dysarthria disabled person.  Splitting the breathing acoustic signal captured and then computing theaverage time duration and energy of the breathing cycleis proposed in this work to estimate the lung capacity.

In this article, Laplace transform and new perturbation methods are adopted to study the problem of the chemical kinetics problem. This article presents a new evaluation procedure of 2-D fluorescence spectra obtained during a yeast cultivation without performing a calibration measurement. The 2-D fluorescence spectra are used to predict the process variables biomass, glucose and ethanol. The new calibration procedure uses a mathematical model of these process variables, i.e., differential equations, to replace any calibration measurement. The mathematical model parameters are identified simultaneously during the calculation of the chemometric models. The approximate analytical solution of the concentration biomass, glucose and ethanol compared with numerical results.

This paper is on Blacks’ struggles after slavery in Chester Himes’ The Third Generation. Himes describes the story of a southern black family in the early 1900’s, their struggle to live among whites after slavery, their expectation to get an equal right and to lead a luxury life as that of whites. Here, Taylor’s family struggles hard to live a life like whites. Though, blacks are freed, they are not given full rights during that time. Many blacks want to enjoy the life of whites; so they start to bring the whites’ atmosphere around them. Lillian Taylor, the wife of William Taylor, wants to be white. So, she fuses her thought on her family. In order to follow her wish, she takes effort to make everything under her control. She thinks herself as ‘half white’. She wants her children to live like whites. But situations make her wishes worse. Her husband, William Taylor being a professor, moves to different location. So, the family also moves to follow his career. Lillian, as they moved to rural life setting, hates that life. She couldn’t see whites’ atmosphere around her. Himes has depicted the life of Taylor, their struggles to keep up between their career and their wish to lead white’s sophisticated life in white society.

Generally, democratic practices in the Southeast Sulawesi region have not carried out as expected. The broad authority to develop local democracy healthily has not been well realized. The practice of democracy through the formation of political parties, general elections, the election of leaders in the regions (regional business heads namely governors, mayors, and regents along with their representatives, including village heads), and the implementation of public policies, have not yet been able to run according to the ideal concept. Even government administrators and officials in this area have not been able to fully comply with the provisions and laws and regulations which are the basis for the implementation of democratic values ​​in Indonesia, such as the application of the principles of openness, participation, accountability, responsiveness, and partiality to the people as mandated in the Law of Local government management laws. Participatory development planning only runs normatively, symbolically, pseudo, and even manipulated. The management of regional business budgets is still according to the desire of the authorities, while the aspirations and needs of the people are still not being realized. This illustrates the absence of substantive participation from the community, the responsiveness of local government officials is still low, the pro-local people in managing resources and budgets are still lacking, and the capitalization of power in this area is still continuing.

The direct election of the leaders of executiveand legislative institutions in Indonesia has provided a paradoxical reality in efforts to improve the quality of democracy in Indonesia. On the one hand, it emerges the strong legitimacy of democracy while on the other hand, it appears nepotism as a new style of candidate strategy to win the fight. Several regencies in South Sumatra Province have shown this symptom.It seems that some regional leaders have blood relations and inter-party kinship. This occurs as a strategy to control the opinion of bureaucrats, politicians, and the community through control of access to positions and control of regional economic resources so that electability resources can be controlled through controlling the power knots of the community.The community becomes marginalized in determining their chosen leaders and representatives. The facts show that the level of community political participation is decreasing along with the shifting of bureaucratic loyalty to individual loyalty. Latent resistance has emerged that is detrimental to the quality of democracy.
 

The political and social  infrastructure and tourism sites in regions has not ready to conduct a higher quality election. The existing objective conditions can only hold direct elections as a mere political routine. Therefore, to actualize a higher-quality election, the following steps are required: (1) strengthening the human resource capacity of Regional House of Representatives (DPRD) and Regional General Elections Commission (KPUD) members to specifically prepare the direct elections that will be held soon; (2) encouraging convention system party in the process of regional heads nomination; (3) forming a strong and independent supervisors of election that has broader, clearer, more decisive authority, professional, and able to work quickly; (4) creating a special judicial institution for election cases which consists of the police, prosecutors, and district court judges who are able to work quickly and professionally that have binding legal decisions and permanent legal force; (5) encouraging independent youth social organizations to control the performance of the electoral apparatus including Regional House of Representatives (DPRD), Regional General Elections Commission (KPUD), and the upcoming election supervisory institutions; (6) promoting and campaigning for peaceful elections as well as political education for citizens, especially direct election; (7) Creating commitment of agreement for political groups competing in the regional elections facilitated by Regional House of Representatives (DPRD), Regional General Elections Commission (KPUD), and the polices to prevent possible conflicts in the process of post-election.
 

The democratic political process in Indonesia which is also applied to the regions is only established and carried out within the framework of procedural democracy and business for the transfer of power. This shapes people's understanding of democratic political life by carrying out this process as a consequence of obligation in the state life by positioning oneself as a political subject. So that the political democracy and business only becomes a process of "baptizing" toward western political values. Meanwhile, the basic attitudes of society that are cognitive, affective, and evaluative as instruments of the local political culture of certain communities will defend against the infiltration of other values. so that, to reach the stage of maturing democratic values which are the result of adaptation and mixing so that it is an ideological compromise in the political life of society, it takes a long time to be a new culture that becomes a Way of Life for its people.The reality of current democratic practices in the Indonesia's region illustrates how the interest value takes the form of political dioramas that bring people into uncertainty which ia increasingly difficult durung the time in seeing promised democratic instruments such as political parties, elections as a mechanism in institutionalizing people's expectations so that in formal political formulations, society always must prepare alternative systems such as violence in democratic formalism, especially in regional head elections which are not oriented to the promise of democracy and business but rather formalism of leadership recruitment and the existence of thick primordialism.

The contract marriages have an impact on various aspects that are more felt by women, namely economic, socio-cultural and psychological impacts. The practice of contract marriage also occurs because of the support of local tourism movers who are involved in the process of implementing the contract marriage.Various definitions of Sexual Harassment Against Children (SHAC) put forward by The National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect are sexual contact between a child and a mature person as well as between children who use a child to satisfy their sexual desire by involving children up to 18 years old. SHAC includes exhibitionism, peeping, stroking, seducing, oral sex and sexual intercourse. More specifically adds the types of harassment against children i.e. SHAC consists of elements of children exploitation, coercion against children, persuasion, seduction, all of which are aimed at satisfying adult sexual desires. Above all definitions, the American Psychological Association (APA)  more generally stated that the main characteristic of SHAC is the dominance of adults as perpetrators of sexual, physical and psychological activity to children.
 

Massage is one of the nursing interventions carried out by a nurse in providing nursing care in providing a sense of comfort to the patient. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Swiss massage on the sleep quality of children with thalassemia major. This research is a quasi-experiment with the nonequivalent type of control group, before-after design. The quality of children's sleep uses the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC). The results showed that there were differences in sleep quality in the intervention group before and after massage therapy (0.005 at α = 5). The results of the study recommend that massage therapy can be performed in children with thalassemia and as an alternative method of providing nursing interventions with impaired rest and sleep needs in children with thalassemia major.

Direct Regional head electionhas indeed provided wide opportunities for Indonesian citizenswho have the right to vote directly for their regional head. However, this does not necessarily strengthen democracy. Regional head electionhas become a contest of tourism economicpower. The contestants of Regional head electionare powerful capital owner. Finally, the winner who succeeded in gaining power was the powerful capital owner too. Actually there is no problem if the powerful capital owner hold authority, as long as they are able to provide welfare for the people. The people do not only needRegional head election.The people need prosperity and democracy that provides opportunities for broad political participation to express their interests.
 

This study wants to explain why the implementation of Women’s Quota Entrepreneur policies is hampered.This issue will be discussed through a feminist perspective, using critical discourse analysis (CDA). Through the CDA, researchers are trying to expose the veils of ideology, institution, and interest that hinder the implementation of Women’s Quota Entrepreneur policies related to Entrepreneur in Indonesia. Data to support this analysis were obtained through literature studies and interviews.The analysis was carried out at three levels of analysis. First, at the normative level, the normative level, where two ideas of justice were debated: compensatory justice vs. distributed justice. Second, at the institutional level, where these interests were intertwined in an arrangement pattern, as expressed in the formulation of statutory provisions. Third, at a practical level that revealed the interests of actors in the recruitment of legislative candidates.

This first problem is closely related to the second problem, namely belief in the causes of mental disorders. Lack of understanding and awareness of mental health, makes people unwilling to seek a help, or seeking a help outside the health system, for example to a shaman or psychic. After several years and showing no progress, the patient is brought to a doctor. According to research shows that different beliefs of the causes of mental disorders will have an impact on the intention of seeking help to a shaman, scholar or psychiatrist. The results of research on 100 psychosis patients and their nurses (mostly parents or one of couples of the sufferers) showed that 67% chose traditional or alternative medicine before going to the doctor.  The next problem is the stigma or misconception toward a mental illness. In our society, mental illness is still considered a disgrace, so people with mental disorders often go undetected because they do not seek help or they are isolated by their families. Stigma is also negatively correlated with people's willingness to help. In literature, mental health literacy which includes knowledge and beliefs of mental disorders. Low mental health literacy decrease the society's belief toward the efficacy of standard mental health treatment.

There are many definitions of democracy in political science, but it is interesting to look at the indicators of democracy put forward, which can then be tested by the women condition. In this view, it is said that democratic governance must fulfill three things. First, democratic governance involves competition and the use of force is prohibited. Second, full participation, all citizens have the same right to be appointed and elected in election. No adult citizens are allowed to be marginalized in these political processes. Third, civil and political liberties, civil and politics freedom. Freedom to form organizations, freedom of the press, freedom of expression are some of the important things in building democracy.Even in political science, the understanding of democracy does not automatically provide space for women to participate in politics. Women and slaves in demos-kratos in ancient Greece - which were used as a source of democracy - were not considered citizens. Even women are considered as unfinished creatures. One indicator that distinguishes between citizens and non-citizens in Political Science is the right to vote. The country that first gave women suffrage was Australia. The State of South Australia gave women the right to vote in 1894. Meanwhile, the country that became the reference country as a democratic country was the United States. However, the United States did not grant female citizens the right to vote after 150 years of independence for the United States. In 1920 with the 19th amendment, female citizens of the United States had the right to vote.

In the debate of the substantive and procedural conceptualization of democracy, or the understanding of a democratic or non-democratic state, it is not understood as a dichotomy but as a process phenomenon so that there are levels. In the concept, regarding the most minimal procedural definition of democracy in a democracy, must contain substantive rights and freedoms. Thus, the separation or dichotomization between procedural democracy and substantive definitions becomes irrelevant. An understanding of the definition of procedural democracy in conducting election, for example, cannot be separated from the definition of substantive democracy, because even in the understanding of procedural democracy, there must be substantive freedom for voters to vote. Furthermore, there is also an understanding of the implementation of election to procedurally vote the leader in both the executive and legislative bodies. In the implementation of the elections, in order to fulfill the understanding of substantive democracy, it must be carried out fairly and justly.
 

There are many paradoxes in Indonesian politics. For example: The new electoral system is clearly designed to widen the scope for political participation. With the power to elect president and heads of local government placed into the hands of the people through direct elections, now the executive’s position is more powerful in relation to the legislative branch; and the locals’ position is stronger in relation to the national government. But, there are many paradox in Indonesian politics. Direct elections broaden political participation, but the outcome tends to concentrate political power in the hands of the directly elected leaders, who have enhanced legitimacy through direct election. And, there are many other paradoxes. Other example: The nature of electoral rules is full of conflicting choices and indistinct decisions; and so are Indonesian electoral rules. All electoral laws under reformasi were formulated with great purpose to strengthen political parties. The laws granted parties an exclusive authority to determine who will control the dynamics of the country politics. And accordingly, parties hold the privileges to be the backbones in developing the country, determining the government, and formulating the policies.

Almost all countries in the world use a democratic government system. One indicator of a democratic government system is the succession of the government or the regime carried out through a regular election. The election is the main indicator in the democratic government system. In various countries experience that are called advanced democracies, the political issue of the administration and election administrator is not a very important issue. The election administration and election administrator are believed to meet the criteria in holding the election that has the free and fair principles (free and fair) and fairness. In the development of political studies, the field of political study of election administration has not yet become an important study in Indonesian universities. Even the study of election administration politics is not discussed or included in the curriculum in the field of political study. The study of election administration appears to have only developed in the last two decades, after the 1998 reforms. This coincided with the fall of the authoritarian regime which applied the political process of openness in the late 1980s and early 1990s. In addition, the study of Politics on the politics of election administration has been carried out by many international institutions such as IDEA, IFES, NDI, and IRI. The last three are institutions based in the United States.

This paper will review the issue of Regional Autonomy, particularly those related to issues of power, democracy and elections at the local level. The tendency of the political practice of using money or money politics in elections, both at the national and local levels, creates dissatisfaction and pessimism towards the development of democracy in Indonesia. After the change of Soeharto's government in May 1998, there was a change in the political landscape in Indonesia. This change of power affects changes in the power structure relationship between the center and the regions. The process of significant change in power after the 1998 reform was implemented through Otda (Regional Autonomy) at the district /city government level since 2001. The next political development is that since 2005, Law No. 32 of 2004 on regional autonomy and direct regional head elections (Pilkada) has been used since 2005. This decentralized political system directly at the same time also brought changes to the life of political parties, especially political party organizations at the local government level. Initially, the granting of authority to regions with the Regional Autonomy Law No. 22 of 1999 was opposed by the department of interior. This can be understood because this department has the greatest interest in determining regional leaders, both the Governor and the Regent / Mayor. Therefore, most of the elite bureaucrats and decision makers support the “half-hearted” decentralization process. Meanwhile, the democratization process provides space for civil society and scholars to participate actively in debates on the “political system” and central-regional relations in Indonesia. The extent to which the constitution and laws open up space for optimal society participation in the policy making process.

The phenomenon of centralization in political parties is not only a phenomenon in Indonesia. From the perspective of political parties, it can be seen that maintaining the organization of political parties at the local level can be used as a source of gaining constituents. However, local organizations from political parties will be expensive for internal parties and can be a source of "political scandal" for the party. Thus, political communication carried out by political parties at the national level uses the media more than building the organizational strength of political parties to the local level. The question is to what extent do political parties need party organization at the local level? How is local power in the implementation of regional head elections not easily intervened by the power of political parties from the center? Experience in developed democrats shows that local organization political parties are still needed. This is related to the legitimacy of the political party. Campaigns for political parties at the local level can be said to be more effective. Political parties at the local level can provide political information, convince voters directly and mobilize the masses. Furthermore, the Denver study also explains that political parties at the local level can also be a source of party finance.
 

The debate about the federal system became taboo. This can be seen from the history of politics in Indonesia. There is an assumption that the federal system that was implemented using the RIS (Republic of Indonesia United States) Constitution in 1949-1950 is considered to have been formed by the Dutch colonial state, Van Mook. Therefore, during the New Order era with an authoritarian system, interpreting political history could only be carried out by the regime in power. The choice of government system in Indonesia, the 1945 Constitution also cannot be amended. All of them are considered "fixed price" as well as NKRI. This argument is basically caused by the interests of the elite regimes that want to dominate power. With a centralistic and monolithic system, power can be maintained. The second argument is that in the federal system, power is distributed between the federal (central) and the states. Centralistic and hierarchical military power will be threatened if the federal system is implemented. Hence the debate about the unitary or federal system of government did not develop. The decentralized system has in turn closed the federalism debate in Indonesia.

Since the implementation of regional autonomy, local communities have had the space to participate in any public policymaking. Every individual and group in society has the same opportunity to convey their aspirations. During its development, for approximately 12 years, these individuals and community groups found their existence in the local political constellation in their regions. However, in North Sumatra, political openness during the reform era did not provide equal opportunities for progress for all levels of society. Those who have money that can commit violent practices are the perpetrators who control local democratic institutions in North Sumatra, such as political parties, the parliament, and the head of government.At least, their success in getting important positions in these institutions is related to individuals and groups in society who practice money politics and violence. They intend to form a new patronage networkto gain access to state power and local resources. Observations on the case of the 2008 election for the Governor of North Sumatra Province have relevance to the ongoing debate about the direction and development of new democracy in Indonesia. This paper explained the phenomenon of democratization practices in North Sumatra, through direct regional head elections observations, which are moved by the logic of money politics and violence.
 

Democracy in general can be viewed from two perspectives, democracy as a value and democracy as a procedure. As a universal democratic value which can simply be interpreted as the government of the society, by the society and for the society. Meanwhile, as a procedure it is a mechanism for selecting representatives who will sit in the representative institution / parliament. Beside of that, it is also a mechanism to test the legitimacy of a regime. This research will emphasize on the second perspective, namely democracy as a procedure. Democracy was originally seen in the days of Ancient Greece, which implemented direct democracy in its city-state. This was effective because at that time the city-states of that era had a small population and a small area. In a modern country, according to its development, democracy implementation is no longer direct but representative democracy, in which the process of electing people's representatives is carried out by referring to the standards set by democratic theory, namely without pressure, confidential, transparency and not manipulated. Thus, apart from political equality and accountability, there are other basic requirements in representative democracy, namely that the representatives are representatives of the society.

Democracy can be interpreted as society's power. One of the easiest definitions of democracy is often defined as government by the society. It is a form of country in which the governmental sovereignty of the society is executed by the society or leaders elected by the society. Democracy as a system that provides opportunities for society to be directly involved in decision making.Democracy as a model of the state which deals with the wishes and unwillingness of the society. Meanwhile, democracy is a political system in which all citizens are positively or negatively given the right to make principle decision for public interest.
From the definition above, it shows that in a democratic government system there are two categories, namely direct democracy and indirect democracy. Direct democracy is a political system in which the society directly chooses to make political decision. Indirect democracy is a political system in which the society makes political decisions indirectly through their representatives who sit in the House of Representatives. The decisions to be made connected directly to the representatives of the society who has been elected by the society. Thus, a democratic government is a government based on the desire and sovereignty of the society. Based on these pure values above, a conclusion has been made by political scientists that democratic government system will give birth to a government of the society and for the society.

Globalization has become a concept often used to describe contemporary world phenomena. The globalization phase is marked by the process of integrating the national economy into an economic system based on the belief in free trade. Efforts to smooth the way of integration are pursued by changing all policy rules that prevent globalization actors, especially transnational companies (TNCs) from operating in the form of production, market and investment expansion. The logic of free trade is constructed by basing the assumption that a country's economic growth will be achieved when there is the superiority of free markets and individual liberty.In the era of economic globalization, we will witness how goods, industry and services from one country freely and freely penetrate other countries' territories. Thus, technical and cultural obstacles that have been carried out by each country to protect the economy of their own country must be suppressed and minimized as low as possible.

This paper presents hospital management system and economics in historical perspective. Hospital services in Indonesia began since the beginning of the VereenigdeOostindischeCompagnie (VOC) existence in the third decade of the XVII century as an integral part of the VOC's own effort. The construction of the hospital was an effort to overcome the problems faced by long voyages, namely from Europe to Indonesia and it was not supported by good medical facility, climatic adaptation, and the inability to adapt and overcame tropical disease. The history of hospital in Indonesia cannot be separated from the development of Western medical science in Asia since 1649, when a surgeon named Caspar Schamberger was in Edo (currently Tokyo) to teach surgery toward the Japanese. This period was the beginning of the shift from the Traditional Remedy based on Chinese system in Asia and changed to the Dutch system. This diversion was slow. It is noteworthy that Western health services were often reserved for aristocratic families. In the early days of hospital in Indonesia were exclusively reserved for European. Only later non-Europeans worked with VOC then they have the opportunity to use the hospital but with different location, facility and service. Meanwhile, the Chinese were exclusively led by VOC regulations and by the Dutch East Indies Government to establish their own hospital so traditional Chinese science and medicine were implemented without any western therapeutic and pharmacological influence. 

The direction of developing MSME will encourage the realization of economic revitalization which is expected to be more pro-people's economy. In essence, economic revitalization is a joint movement between the government and the people. Efforts to make the people's economy a pillar of the national economy found important momentum after the 1998 economic crisis at which time the concept of partnership which was an idea of ​​the New Order era was difficult to materialize due to various obstacles such as the low quality of human resources, lack of technology and information, production factors, facilities and infrastructure, aspects funding and financing services that are not yet supportive, the business climate is not yet supportive, as well as coordination and guidance that have not been going well. MSMEs with their intrinsic characteristics and potential are vital elements of an economic system that can truly create people's welfare.The development of a people's economy requires side with the government. Partisanship does not mean to win over the weak, but so that competition can be healthy and balanced. The government takes sides in doing something so that the weak economic groups have sufficient power so that they can freely develop their businesses, if necessary, compete profitably with other companies. Referring to Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution, local governments need to develop their roles to jointly manage all natural wealth for the people's economic interests. It is hoped that the strengthening of the populist economic system will be able to stem and minimize the negative impacts that arise due to globalization.
 

The current development of the health sector in Indonesia is not optimal. For example, hospital service quality standards are still not well organized, the number of doctors especially specialist doctors is still small, the distribution and income of doctors is not equal and some doctors have low income, and the performance indicators of health service institutions have not been used significantly. This section aims to discuss the development of components of the health sector in Indonesia so the analysis can be carried out properly. This discussion is needed to understand the constraints that exist in the growth of the health service sector in Indonesia. In discussing the development of the health sector, various key actors in health services need to be identified, namely the government, the community, and third parties who are sources of funding, such as PT Askes Indonesia, the Community Health Care (JPKM); service providers, including the pharmaceutical industry and educational places for health workers; and overseas lenders (World Bank, Asian Development Bank, Overseas Economic Cooperation Fund), as well as international grant-giving agencies such as World Health Organization (WHO), German Technical Cooperation Agencies (GTZ), United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
 

In Indonesia, financial problems have reduced the ability of the central government to finance hospital development. Practically, the government keeps away from the welfare state, which the state should finance all its public services from tax and state enterprise. Hospitals are increasingly being relegated to a service system based on the principle of private goods. As a result, beside of referring to social humanitarian services in a factual manner, hospital services have developed into an industry based on economic principles with one of the prominent characteristics, namely a competitive nature. The understanding that the hospital is already an industry is the basis for developing the quality of hospital services. Without this understanding, it is difficult for Indonesia hospitals to compete with hospitals in other countries that provide better services. The facts have shown that many Indonesia society has sought medical treatment in other country. This phenomenon can be called the first stage of globalization. Meanwhile, the second stage of globalization is the operation of foreign hospitals in Indonesia or foreign investment in the health care sector.

The hospital situation description shows that the hospital needs to understand an economics. Economics is a scientific discipline widely used by other disciplines. Economy is the art of making the most out of life, while, economics in general discusses how resources are allocated among various alternative uses to satisfy human desire. Economics is divided into two; microeconomics and macroeconomics. Microeconomics deals with the individual economic behavior, such as consumers, companies, organization, and shareholders. Macroeconomics discusses economic behavior in the "aggregate" manner.Human activities in a society are divided into 3 main (economic) activities: (1) production activities, (2) consumption activities, and (3) exchange activities. Economics gives a lot of attentions on the three main economic activity processes and the elements concerned with these activities (producers, consumers, traders, government, and so on). Actually, In the hospital sector, it is not common to name a patient a consumer and to name hospital a producers. It is assumed that the noble values ​​of the medical profession might be eroded by these names.

The source of curriculum development is students. In education or teaching, the learners are students. Education or teaching is not giving something to students or students, but growing potentials that already exist in students. Students become a source of teaching activities, it becomes a source of curriculum. There are three approaches to students as curriculum resources, namely: (a) the needs of students; (b) development; and (c) students interest.The dominant characteristic of a child period that is just learning to walk is activity. Children just learning to walk (toddler) are very busy talking, moving, and planning all the time. The impulse for abundant activity becomes a necessity for self-assertion and mastery. Period from 2 to 4 years, children are aware of their individuality and are motivated to prove it. In this period, toddler must learn to count others in their own discovery. Toddlers change dramatically from ages 2 and 4 from egocentric children who are unaware of dependency on others to become self-aware individual. At first they were very free, but at the end of the age stage, "pseudo freedom" was changed to be more realistic where they depend on others and they are also free from others. In summary, toddlerhood is a period of activity and mastery, self-regulation and the development of an awareness of dependence and freedom.
 

The role of school education institutions in general is to prepare children for community life. Education that can not be obtained in the family will be obtained from school education. The role of school education is to provide education to children according to the interests and talents of children, which will later become a children's profession. Therefore, school is responsible for educating children to live in society in accordance with the chosen profession. Schools provide knowledge, starting with basic knowledge, intermediate knowledge, and continuing to knowledge in higher education. Indeed, the role of school education institution is to provide students with abilities in schools ranging from primary, secondary, and higher education. Education that is carried out in schools in principle is to provide students with competencies to prepare their children to work according to the competencies obtained from school.

Small business is important for economic development of any country and it also helps to increase the employment. Small scale business enhances the growth of the nation by increasing the growth in both rural and urban areas. This kind of business increases the manufacturing industries and increases the infrastructures, reduce the problems like slums, poverty, pollutions and many other issues related to development. In this way small business helps the government of the country in many ways and it play a major role for economical development of any nation. Small business requires less amount of capital to start and it helps to increase the percentage of self employment and reduce unemployment. Goods making is the part of the economy of any industry. There are many aspects of small business are there that is studied in this paper. And it helps to develop the country and its economy.   

Business Risk management is the part of the risk management. If there are any changes will be done in business system, business process and business risk then business risk management used to calculate the risks related to that. For minimum risk the business risk management set the priorities of the risk, identifies the risk and addresses the risk. It also has the ability to response multiple risks, can handle the more risk based condition and have capabilities to risk based decision making .   

in business the connection between all entities are known as business relation. In business network like relationship between employees and employers, relationship between every one of the organizations an organization partners with and relationship between bosses and colleagues are known as business relationship. The relationship between associated business parties began through communication channels like personal contacts, emails, telephone, etc.in inner organizations and associations these sorts of contacts are kept up and extended through comparative directs.

 In an organization or system if there happen something unexpected and sudden then it called as organization crisis. Crisis it defined as situation that happens suddenly and there is needed to distribute the employees and it causes the instability to the organization. The crisis can affect a person, group, society and a organization. The management of dealing with unexpected and sudden happening is known as Crisis Management. The crisis management manages the events that harm the organizations and its employees.  In this way all the process of handle the uncertain and immediate situation are commonly called as crisis management.

This paper presents sustaining and developing disciplinary expertise in supply chain management project-based organizations member. In both project and supply chain management the major objective is to develop skills, abilities and knowledge using dynamic and important disciplines in present corporations. The coordinating procurement and project delivery systems and development of new project included in skills of project management. to create the value-creating supply chain networks the Supply chain management based on logistics, purchasing, integration of service operations and manufacturing, and distribution that enable organizations.   
 

 the field of Project Management (PM) has been much ongoing exploration but this examination field is still generally extremely youthful with numerous viewpoints still to be revealed. New look into themes and developing learning spaces inside this examination field keep on showing up at a fast pace show through the Investigations of the present writing. In light of a quantitative methodology, the potential research zones that could show up within a reasonable time-frame of PM examine was the intends to anticipate this research. For a company to create one specific product the collection of suppliers is known as supply chain. As the name impels the chain is comprised of hubs or "connections". The chain include different makers, at that point the finished process, it stored in warehouses, then it come to the centers for distributions and at last it go to the places where the customer can purchase that item.
  

For being able to quickly adapt the condition of change the supply chain of agile management in large organization is create to be maximum flexible. The organizations that want to be able for adapting the external changes of economics like changes in technology, changes to customer demand or economic swings used this methodology. The organization that implements the agile supply chain can quickly adjust their sales, source and logistics. It is being a major part of large organization

it is very necessary for the business to deliver the items to the users and customers according to their requirements in an efficient chain of supply. In between the complete life cycle of a product to maintain the cost and flow of product the managers of supply chain works more proactively and more innovatively because it is continuously evolving the global marketplace.

For the success of any governance, governmentality and corporation the culture of corporate plays a major role. To get the target and achieve the functions of business they not only defined how to conduct the business but also defined the procedures of organizations and policies. Governmentality and Enablers of governance are the crucial part in the project field. This paper studied the governmentality and organizational enablers (OEs) for governance in the organization that are based on projects.

Hyperglycemia chronic in patients with diabetes can cause long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of different organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels. The main problem of diabetic patients is the difficulty in regulating blood sugar levels. Many factors can affect the level of blood glucose in patients with type II DM. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the level of blood glucose in patients with type II DM study design used is descriptive-analytic with approach cross. The population in this study were all patients with type II DM who went to the clinic of Internal medicine DrSoerdjoTashkmalaya at the time of the study. The number of respondents in this study is 66 people. The results show that there is a difference in blood glucose levels average in patients who are on a diet adhering and are not on a diet, there are difference in the blood levels of the average diabetic patient are routinely carried out and those that do not, and there is a score between level of anxiety. On the blood glucose level of diabetic patients.

Most of the women are affected by BC (Breast Cancer) which is one of the dreadful diseases in the entire world and considered as subsequent threatening reason of cancer death in women. The likelihood of death can be significantly reduced by means of early detection and prevention. Hybrid Bayesian frameworks were utilized previously for breast cancer prediction and handling missing values in patient’s characterization. WCP (Weight Canonical Polyadic) algorithms manage continuous missing values in the data by using least squares recursively. A main bottleneck in using WCP is the unfolding of multiple relationships of discovered modes (N). The complexity increases when the value of N is large. This paper uses imputations in attribute dependencies for enhancing BC detections. This work divides the dataset into discrete and continuous subsets where discrete fields are assigned values using BN (Bayesian Networks) followed by Tensor factorization on an integrated dataset using MFWCP (Mode Fuzzy Weight based Canonical Polyadic). The new dataset is created from full/missing value subsets for assigning values to fields with missing values. MFWCP operations result in operations where N value of WCP is greater than three. This third order is reduced to first order WCP by applying Khatri-Rao product. DT (Decision Trees), KNN (K-Nearest Neighbors) and ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System) classifiers are combined to classify BC and the proposed hybrid method is evaluated using defined performance measures enhanced imputation accuracy.

The study is based on investigating the work life balance of the resident doctors during COVID-19.
Design: Focus group interviews with doctors, resident doctors and interns were conducted who were assigned duties in COVID 19 wards of the hospitals of Northern India.
Participants: The study was carried out on 97 doctors (Psychiatrists, radiologists, pediatricians, gynecologists and Medicine) who were posted in COVID 19 wards in some or the other shift. The doctors were assigned duties in the two COVID- 19 hospitals of Northern India where the study was carried out. The long and tedious working hours in the hospital came with additional responsibility of maintaining and recording the data of COVID patients. After the 15 day long duty in the hospital these doctors were required to stay alone in a separate accommodation where they were quarantined for fourteen days. This long separation from family and friends disturbed their lives leading to immense stress. Their morale went down drastically. The issue of balancing work life was especially challenging for female doctors having young children.
Conclusion: poor work-lie balance adversely affected the wellbeing of the doctors.

Today, social network users around the world are rising significantly. This forum is useful for exchanging information, debating different topics, and even much of the time they spend on social media such as Twitter, Facebook, etc.Because of these physical human relationships, website users are reliant on regular Facebook updates, Twitter, etc.The latest studies indicate a relationship between mental health and the actions of the social network and how mental illness and social networks respond to each other is still unclear.This article attempts to use the data analysis of social network research to find a pattern for mental disorders without consulting the patient by using a Naïve Bayes classifier algorithm

Emerging growth of smart devices and application of smart screens in every consumer product enable the peoples to get compulsive interaction with the touch screen. Smart devices with flexible interactive option and evaluation of data analytics and machine learning keeps the humans get addicted with the devices day and night. Even though it offers us numerous advantages over time, Studies revealed that physiological changes are more prospected due to excessive interaction with the smart devices. Nowadays, human health history is ruined by technology in the form of endless connection with such device usage for long period which causes health issues like mental stress, behavior related problems. There are many sources to address stress in our routine life. Many studies have depicted the most impacted factors in smart devices. This paper focus on detailed study depicting the impacts of smart devices human body influenced by touch screen devices highly towards sense organs. Moreover, the biggest sense organ skin that acts as a communication medium for conducting such tiny electrical signals got affected a. Evaluation of big data analytics everywhere in medical industry to keep the patient information more secure and provides statistical view of such problem globally. Healthcare analytics has been changed into digital mode to keep patient’s data most secure, less expensive, and easily accessible. Here, the problem begins with touch screen-based intervention in stress, including literature review in contrast with previous work in blood pressure and the proposed evaluation approaches.

Big data processing is a crucial one because, huge volume of data resource to increasing the processing cost. Cold chain is a developing logistics approach relatively on supply chain management which is storing, transporting economical needs of products maintenance in various levels. By maintaining the large number of information in big data processing leads more complex to predict the data, especially agricultural information process depends the cold stock product in supply chain management. By the fact increasing features to analyses the data is more complex to produce good classification results to make future prediction. The prediction and classification is a major issue that remains to be solved based on available data. So we need a reducing framework to classify the agriculture oriented information processing. Now a day’s Deep learning is a tremendous data analysis techniques to improve the prediction support to clod chain management. To resolve such a type of problems,to propose a Subset Reduct Core Spider Optimization Model (SRCSO) with optimized with social spider which is used to improve the feature selection which is for classification performance. To deploy a sustainable neural classifier for an effective classification using Optimized Cuckoo Genetic (OCG) search features to recommend the modified artificial neural network. The performance accuracy for effective categorization using marginal relevance weightage by spectral classification to improve the classification accuracy. The selected features are trained as recurrent neurons which is intended as sigmoid activation function. This selects the optimal values get closer to the neuronsas search with optimum weights. The target result reached the classifier produce the resultant to categorize the agro classes for transportation recommendation. The proposed system produce higher performance in sensitivity and specification result than any other previous system.

Background:Elastomers are routinely used as final impression materials. This study was an attempt to determine cytotoxicity level of various elastomers using indirect method.
Materials & Methods: In this studyPoly vinyl ether silicone (PVES) (EXA’lence light body), poly vinyl siloxane (PVS) (Flexceed light body and polyether (PE) impression material (Impregum) were classified Ito group I, II and III respectively. A total of 12 specimens were prepared. Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium was used for growing mouse cell line NIH/3T3. Cytotoxicity level of allelastomers were measured with the test 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.
Results: The mean ± SD cell viability survival of cells at day 1 in group I was 25.4 ± 8.23, 106.2 ± 31.5 in group II and 121.4 ± 16.2 in group III. On day 3, it was 23.7 ± 7.21, 68.2 ± 32.7 and 99.4 ± 14.2 in group I, II and III respectively. On day 7, it was 24.8 ± 6.45, 19.4 ± 31.5 and 73.6 ± 15.8 in group I, II and III respectively. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). There wasdecline in the survival rate with Poly vinyl ether silicone as found on day 1,poly vinyl siloxane and polyether showed on 3rd and 7th day.
Conclusion:Authors found that cell viability for poly vinyl siloxane(PVS) was highest as compared to other elastomeric impression material.
 

All-inclusive, more than 20 million individuals have been infected with the COVID-19, with the most number of cases from the United States, trailed by Brazil and India. In perspective on this developing extent of the number of cases, forecasting models are exceptionally useful to be prepared to confront the pandemic circumstance. In this work, we have used an efficient time series based Machine Learning (ML) algorithm to forecast the COVID-19 cases in India. We have trained the system with data from 3 March 2020 to 7 August 2020 and we have forecasted the values from 8 August 2020 to 9 September 2020. We have seen that the total no. of cases will get doubled, i.e. reaches 40 Lakhs by the end of the forecasted period. Along with this forecast we have done the multi-level validation of our work using metrics, r-squared error (R²), mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE).

Coronavirus cases maintain to sore up to 16.2 Million worldwide. Human beings globally had been pronounced to be intensified by the virus as almost 6.5 Lakh human beings have misplaced their lives. Researchers throughout the arena are making attempts to forecast the movement of this pandemic, using Artificial Intelligence (AI). In this paper, we are using Prophet Model to forecast the daily number of new cases, new deaths, and new recoveries that would be brought about by COVID-19 in India. A dataset of 179 (30 January 2020 to 24 July 2020) days is used for training the proposed model, and we forecasted values for the next 15 days, i.e. till 08 August 2020. The forecasted data obtained by the proposed method is accurate within a certain range and will be very beneficial in promoting the understanding of the spreading pattern of COVID-19 across the nation.

We see a worrying rise of COVID-19 cases globally, every day. Many countries imposed nationwide lockdown, ordering their people to stay home with nearly all services suspended. On other hand, due to this strict lockdown, COVID-19 poses severe economic challenges in securing the necessities of life, for the majority of the population. Many countries are now facing the threat of high inflation and increasing unemployment. Not only employees are suffering, but it is also very important to note that, more than 150 crore students, globally, are seriously affected by the sudden shutdown of educational institutions, UNESCO said. Undoubtedly Lockdown is one of the best weapons to stand against this pandemic by it costs an economic downturn. Presenting various thought-provoking facts that explain the dire need for human beings to get out of the home for survival, in this work, we proposed a smart wearable jacket (prototype), which is a technological combination of hardware and software that can be used to sense and respond, ensuring a safe physical distancing to restart the normal life, by safely being a part of unavoidable crowded situations like, during the utilization of public transportation facilities while commuting to workplace, educational institutes and various essential needs. 

An automobile tracking system is an electronic device installed in a automobile to know the owner or a third party to track the automobile location.  This paper proposed to design a automobile tracking system that works using GPS and GSM Modules, which would be the less cost source of automobile tracking and it would work as anti-theft system.  It is an embedded system which is used for tracking and positioning of any automobile by using Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global system for mobile communication (GSM). This proposed project will continuously monitor a moving Automobile and send the status of the Automobile on user demand. For doing so an Adriano is interfaced serially to a GSM Modem and GPS Receiver.
A GSM modem is used to send the position (Latitude and Longitude) of the automobile from a place where the automobile is actually there. The GPS modem will continuously give the data i.e. the latitude and longitude indicating the position of the automobile to the Adriano. The same data is sent to the Adriano continuously when it gets the request from the user. If the owner wants to track the automobile he has to send the request to the Adriano using the GSM Module. When Adriano get the request then it send the current position of the automobile to the registered numbered through the GSM Module.

Nowadays a greater number of incidents happen on unclosed borewells which are    turning into death pits. Many children fall into these borewells and losing their lives. The main purpose of borewells is to save lives, but these borewells being unclosed become problem to many children lives. In many cases the rescue operations are done by large machines and lot of manpower involvement. Usually this rescue operation is very lengthy, complicated, and very time taking processes. This paper presents a simple and effective method to save the child from the borewell. The existing method to save the child is to dig a parallel pit adjacent to the borewell. This process is hard, lengthy, and risky to rescue the trapped child. In the proposed technique the mechanical setup will be sent inside the borewell channel and moves its gripper arm accordance with the user command given. The total hardware system is interfaced with the PC and Arduino setup is used to control the mechanical set up.

According to 2011 statistics, in India itself there are about 2.21% of people who are suffering with various types of disabilities. One among these is speech disability. This includes those who could not speak, speak only with limited words or with loss of voice. There are also people whose speech is difficult to understand because of defects such as stammering, nasal voice, hoarse voice, discordant voice, articulation defects, etc.
It is very difficult for a person with speaking disability to communicate about their basic needs to other persons. This is especially true for a person under medical diagnosis. At that instant, he or she needs some support from who can understand what they are trying to communicate. A lot of work is being carried out to help such people to convey their feeling, which can be easily understood to others. In this paper, an idea has been proposed
where by the person makes use of his breath to communicate his feeling to others. Based on the variations in the breath a voice message is send to the person who is taking care of him. This helps the care taker to understand the person’s feelings and proceed according to his needs.

5g is known as the fifth generation technology in the cellular communication networking, cellular companies started to introduce 5g networks in 2019, this network is a upcoming successor for the 4g communication networking. This provides connectivity to most cellular users. Similar to its predecessors, 5G networks are the cellular networks in which the coverage area is divided into small areas called cells. D2D communication generally plays vital role in the future 5g networking as it has very low-latency for the data transmission between the users. This can be operated in a new mode named licensed or unlicensed spectrum. Social network in mobile and D2D communications have are better and future techniques which can support local services in 5G networking. The process of integrating between mobile social networking and D2D communications in 5G networks faces major roles like exploiting the relationship between the cellular users and managing interference, energy and spectrum to get better results of D2D communication.
 

In this paper, a four die stacked 3D ICs with integrated multi walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) based through silicon via (TSV) is constructed. The steady state thermal-electric analysis is performed. The current density and the equivalent stress analysis is performed along the TSV path. ANSYS workbench is used for the simulation. The average stress values and current density values are evaluated at various applied currents and are compared. The total deformation for the both MWCNT based TSV and Copper based TSV are compared. It shows that CNT based TSVs outperforms copper based TSVs.

A Novel High Speed Parallel structure to Shapiro technique is proposed to XCV  600e-8fg676 target device. The main component in the parallel structure is binary comparator which offers less time delay. The Parallel structure of Shapiro technique is differentiated with 1D sorting and elevated in faster operation. The Proposed architecture was also compared with 9 element sorter that required 25 comparators of same class. It was found that the proposed architecture is faster to its counterparts. Hence High Speed VLSI architecture is proposed for arranging 9 elements in increasing order.

Verifying model which mainly results to the measure the quality of some parameters like temp, pH, electric conductivity and turbidity within the water and the assistance of sensors where pH sensor is employed to grasp the pH level of water, temp sensor (LM35) is principally measures the temp, turbidity sensor and TDS sensor are check solid wastage and salts present within the water. Where these four sensors extract the info and send them to the board and therefore the threshold values are already given within the coding which are collected from WHO Organization and they will find the situation. GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) or GSM (Global Model for Mobile Communication) technique is used in order that will take an instantaneous action. Due to this in future we might not have the water to drink and these are the available resources for our future the previous methods which need the more man power and wastage of your time. So as to avoid of these problems we found with these project in order that wastage of your time decreases and more man power isn’t required.
 

The primary thought of this undertaking is to build up an Automatic Railway Gate control system, which utilizes the Microcontroller in the plan. This project will build up a model of an entryway at the level intersection that runs consequently by utilizing a microcontroller, aside from that the interfacing program additionally had been produced for the integration part. The activity utilizing a microcontroller that coordinated with different circuits included, for example, power supply, IR sensor, motor, motor driver and LCD. All the circuits will join to show the activity of the microcontroller (AT89S52). This framework will make enhancements towards the programmed activity and diminishes human contribution, when there are issues that happened with ordinary entryway control system.

 
Abstract. The Proposed System is to collect the garbage and also monitor the garbage level as well as the moisture content present in the bin .The line follower is an autonomous robot that detects and follows a line. The path may be visible like a black line on a white surface or vice versa. The proposed system uses different sensors in order to acquire the data. The project uses an Arduino UNO board as the central control unit .Here we use an ultrasonic sensor for monitoring the garbage level in the dustbin and the moisture content of the waste is provided with the use of moisture sensor. At the same time the buzzer starts making sound indicating the bin is full. The system has a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) which provides an information about the amount of garbage present in the bin. We also used ESP8266 wi-fi module so that we can access our web page where the data is  recorded and stored with the help of Amazon Web Services (AWS) and here the data gives the information about the percentage of garbage level and moisture content present in the bin. The web page get updated for every 10seconds. Hence, the user can monitor the garbage level and moisture status from anywhere. An IR sensor is used for following path .In manual mode using Blynk app we can control the locomotion of the robot which is connected using Bluetooth Module. When the garbage is filled the robot starts moving towards the destination through a predefined path and with the help of human the waste is then dumped to the garbage collection area. Here we are using toggle switch where the user is required to select the Automatic or Manual Mode initially. Hence this proposed system gives accurate results and can be operated in both Automatic and Manual Mode.

Due to the growing population in India, food has become a major scarcity. This paper is proposed to fill the hunger of few by using the concept of IOT (Internet of things). We use a box which stores the leftover food in it and an ultra sonic sensor is used to sense the distance by  transmitting and receiving high frequency waves and based on the program in arduino, GSM and GPS modules will send the message with current location of the box. It is sent on daily basis using ATcommands because, the stored food is already left over one so it may get spoiled. The message is sent to NGO’s as they play a mediator role in this service. If any external disturbances occur, then a weight sensor can be used for an optional purpose.

A Decision Based Unsymmetrical trimmed modified Winsorized Geometric mean is proposed for heavily corrupted images. The proposed Algorithm uses a Fixed 3x3 window for increasing noise densities. The algorithm replaces the corrupted pixel with mean of the 4 neighbours or Unsymmetrical trimmed Modified Geometric mean or mean of the window. The use of modified Winsorized Geometric mean provided a better noise elimination characteristic than many Existing algorithms. The Algorithm Exhibits very good noise eliminating capability with improved edge preservation even at very high noise densities.

Now a days, shopping has becoming a daily activity in today’s world. We can see large queues in many shopping malls waiting for billing. The objective of our project is to overcome the problem of standing in queue and wasting time. To overcome the above problem, we are proposing a smart trolley billing system that will audit the purchased products and the payment is made online  automatically using the RFID tag. It will automatically identify and scan the product,and the final billing is made from the cart itself .Sothat customers are free from waiting in a long queue at checkout. It also provides the centralized and automated billing system using RFID. This model is reasonable and profitable smart shopping cart handled by the IOT innovations. The primary goal is to provide a technology oriented, time saving and commercial oriented system for enhanced shopping experience. This system will also provide suggestions for the products based on user purchased history from a consolidate system. In this system, every product in mart will have RFID tag, and every cart will be having RFID Reader attached to it. These features will save time and make shopping easier. Overall we can gain the best shopping experience.

Attributable to their impossible to miss characteristics, metal-based nanostructures have been broadly utilized as a part of uses, for example, catalysis, gadgets, photograph, and data stockpiling. Late uses for solid materials in territories like photons, detecting, visual representation, solution is additionally being created. The Emerging applications of metals with different regions including photonics, detecting, photographing, solution produced. Importantl, the vast majority of all the uses need a utilization with strong materials like metals finely isolated state, ideally as nanocrtstal accompanied definitely reduced characteristics. The nana gemstones are controlled with an arrangement, physical constants such volume and shape. with particular limited natures. A basic portrayal is the acquired on a scale of 10-9 meter materials is utilized with a specific end goal for defining the union a measurable influence, auxiliary practices for subsequent metal based nanostructures. What's more, perceptible estimations are utilized to test their optical, mechanical characteristics. Phenomenological development of a proposed structures are drafted to clarifying procedures engaged with on development, advancement such as elements frameworks. Later amalgamation, portratalof the metal based nanocomposites, as we have checked on from the impact On a t fitted the behaviours of amaterials 10-9cm sized crtstalbt monitoring antbodt. However qualitt of bending extent of progress is exceedinglttoucht to a particular numbers. At instance, on account of restricted SP reverberation improved dissipating, all calculated test thinks shown. The shape and structure of gold either silver nanocrtstals assume it mat be the best essential part of deciding the number, position, and force of modes, and in addition the phantom locale or polarization reliance for powerful atomic identification bt means of surface improved ramanscattering the join of the strong material construct On account of catalize, settled and movement a morphologies with respect to the optical, mechanical and solid materialsnanocrtstal can be improved  decreasing electrical reactions of each specific gadget.

The flexural conduct of remotely justified fiber solid compound (GFRP) concrete (RC) radiates fusing each 'basalt' and 'polyolefin' filaments at a persevering connection of 70:30 and in a few blends of fiber volume portions (Vf) extending from zero-2% (at a tireless addition zero-0.5%) were explored, to highlight to part of reinforcing and conjointly the cross breed strands in radiates. type of pillars, altogether a controlled shaft, GFRP covered RC bar and overlaid half breed fiber solid bars. Were projected and tried under a four-reason bowing.  The outcomes demonstrate that there is a 'joined impact' of cover and consolidation of the upper than half and half filaments in contributory to the truly high burden conveying ability and improved physical property of overlaid HFRC bar. fundamentally fiber volume substance of 1.5%.

Our objective of the project work is to generate power using wind and solar energy. The main system consists of wind turbines and solar panels along with small pulley, large pulley, battery, flat belt, led light which is placed on the highway. To ensure the success of this project several criteria are to be satisfied such as probability, size cost of the system. The design of the preservation is based on the principle of wind and solar energy (wind turbine & solar panel) to generate power. The wind turbine operates with a wind passing on the highway. The solar energy is functioning with the help of panels. After gathering experimental data and necessary guidelines from research papers on the wind and solar energy. The initial design of the model was made based on the calculation diameters of the module selected. The system was fabricated and was experimentally tested for the purpose of power generation

The motivation behind the test examination is to describe the flexural and mechanical conduct of fortified solid bar with Poly Acrylic Ester (PAE) Latex and silica rage as incomplete swap for concrete. The latex changed cement are to be set up with different polymer-cover proportions with steady 15% silca seethe content substitution by volume of concrete.  The percentage of latex content were varied as 7.5, 12.5 and 17.5 by the mass of binders (Cement and Silica fume). The optimum latex content is to be obtained from compression test results. A beam will be casted and tested with optimized latex modified concrete & control sample to elevate variations in its flexural & mechanical behavior as compared to control sample.

As time passes Disaster like natural calamities as well as human error may occur which affects people’s environment, in such kind of situations where communication plays a vital role in save lives. To derive  that we have created Life CODE a communication module for rescue operations. CODE is IoT devices which is been placed on the drone that connect together to form simple mesh networks. The CODE utilizes a combined network of LoRa (Long Range) technology, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and sometimes other connectivity's. When the devices need to communicate with base station, they use LoRa, a long-range and power efficient radio protocol. Often a user will need to communicate with the CODE through text message and may use Wi-Fi. A networked cluster node - a CODE - is composed of several types of nodes: the CODEDrone, ”M”Device , ”C”Device .

In this paper, we work to achieve a robot which is capable of climbing vertical walls with the aid of passive cups using suction force. The passive mechanism is so simple. Also the system does not require more energy to climb the wall or stay on the wall making the system very attractive. Also the ability to stay in the wall without any hindrance makes it more efficient. The strong attractive adhesion on the wall can be broke by pulling it out and until then it remains on the surface. Our robot is 14cm tall and 35 g in weight. It has three degree of freedom. It can travel with a velocity of 3m/s and climb at a velocity of 2m/s.

A difference in data collection is particularly important in the context of supervised machine learning involving two or more classes. Imbalanced means the number of available data points for different groups varies. Imbalanced sets are a special case for problem categorization where ad-measurement classes are not compatible between classes. Unbalanced groups are a common issue in classifying machine learning where a class has a disproportionate observer ratio. In several different fields, Imbalanced groups can be identified, including medical diagnosis, spam filtering, and fraud detection. Usually they consist of two classes, the class of majority and the class of minorities.
These types of data sets are usually found on websites that gather and compile data sets. These aggregators tend to provide data sets with several sources, without much remedy. That’s a good thing in this case-too much curation makes us too tidy data sets that are difficult to mark. Active learning is no doubt successful, but several recent studies have shown that active learning declines when applied on the outcomes. Human Annotator will gather data from the target in our project. See post information about laboratory experiments and different data sets, labelled and unlabelled. Users need to register their information to see their learning materials.

Let be a order-  and size-  graph. Let be a 1-1 function from the set to    Each edge , receives the label  Then the function  is called a difference cordial labelling if  is and where and refers the number of edges having  as its label and not having  as its label respectively. If  receives labeling which is a difference cordial is difference cordial graph. In this paper, the difference cordial for generalised Petersen graph is analysed and proved the existence of difference cordial.

The Novel feature of oil skimmer is to remove oil from the liquid. Oil skimmer plays a major role during the accided of oil tanker in sea port during the transportation in sea ports which create major disastor to marine ecosystem. The performance of oil skimmer enhanced by fire tuning the angle between  the plane of disk and vertical plane the efficiency which improve the performance  better than conventional disk oil skimmer. Thus the measure implemented will require less effort  to alter from disk and belt skimmer, result shows requirement of less immersed  area needed for offset angle to be perfect. About rotational speed of 80rpm will be effective, needless of operating or design parameter. Belt and disk skimmer shows the improved concentration  of hydrocarbon in comparison with the existing oil skimmer.

The online trading structure is a developed perspective to disperse the data from budgetary masters to investors in a roughly yoked way utilizing an arrangement of brokers. The touchy information conceivably presented or uncovered to the outside entity. If merchants get bargained the delegates themselves are intrigued to get some answers concerning the information. A bit of the techniques empower agents to perform malignant activities. However, if malevolent dealers plot with vindictive entities, they can get familiar with the premiums of investors, even when the premiums are scrambled. In this paper, we present an exchanging framework that guarantees secrecy of the financial specialists within the sight of untrusted dealers by separating the tasks of brokers. Whether each intermediary can ready to obtain halfway data in regard to trading. Furthermore, our arrangement opposes conspiracy assaults between untrusted intermediaries and pernicious elements.
 

This project deals with the flexural behavior of composite beam. The composite beams consist of steel section, concrete slab or beam and shear connectors or epoxy adhesive bonding agent for the connection between steel and concrete. The steel section used in this project is Indian Standard Medium Beam [ISMB] section. The shear connectors used are headed stud for the connection between steel section and concrete slab and beam. Epoxy bonding agent also used for the connection for the replacement of shear connectors.
 The experimental investigation on the flexural behavior of composite beam is carried and gave good results. From the results, the composite beam [I section with concrete slab] has good rapport compare to that of composite beam [I section with concrete beam]. The composite beam connected with connectors able to withstand more weight compare to epoxy bonded composite beam.

Background:
Parkinson's is a neurological disorder not as rare as projected by maestros in this field, most commonly as it is considered a taboo in general societal norms or rebuffed as an old age syndrome. The complexity in detection resulting from the lack of reliable tests at the early stages of PD makes it hard to deal with chronic stages.
Methods:
This paper focuses on using extracted features from speech signals to detect an abnormality and deducing whether the patient is suffering from PD. Glottal Closure Instants (GCI) detection algorithms such as Speech Event Detection using Residual Excitation and the Mean Based Signal (SEDREAMS) is compared with electroglottographic (EGG) recordings as reference ground. The speech samples are taken from the UCI Machine Learning repository, which contains multiple speakers' recordings.  
Results:
The early onset of PD can be predicted at benign stages of the disorder and help in treatment at later stages of Parkinson's disease. SEDREAMS showed an accuracy of 88.7%.
Conclusion:
SEDREAMS is used to diagnose Parkinson’s disease early with precise detection of Glottal closing and opening instants.

With the fast development of digital communication all over the world ,each domain   including  healthcare sector has led to  new dimension . “Health Informatics,” are the term used to coin application of IT for better healthcare services. Its applications helps to maintain the health record of individuals, in digital form known as the Electronic Health Record .This paper reviews the Electronic health records (EHR) in healthcare organizations. These digital  records can help to support clinical activities that have the ability  to improve quality of health and to  reduce the costs. The aim of this paper is  to study the detail analysis of the structure and the components of electronic health record.This paper  reviews different techniques for  handling the information in the text and different components of the electronic health record  include daily charting, physical assessment, medication, discharge history, physical examination and test procedures.

Machine Learning is used in many data analytics problems to predict the future with more accuracy. The prediction of the trends of stocks and index prices are important issues to market participants. One of the best important factor is Stock market which fascinates the money makers to make the investment so that there is a development of financial growth across the country. Stock exchanging volume incorporates the quantity of parts purchased and sold which is communicating in regular routine i.e, daily basis. In the proposed work, the main objective is to predict the trend of Facebook stock exchange using s and p indexes by using various Machine Learning algorithms. To achieve the results, the suggested work uses a supervised Machine Learning algorithm. At the same time the arcade of Facebook stock is predicted in terms of either positive or negative. The result shows that it is possible to effectively predict the performance of Facebook stock exchanges.

Bioactive principles present in the medicinal plants attribute to the therapeutic efficacy and it can be incorporated into modern medicine system for the development of newer drug formulation for therapeutic ailments. Screening of medicinal plants for antimicrobial activities and phytochemicals is important for finding potential new compounds for therapeutic use. In the present study an attempt has been made to congregate the traditional, phytochemical and pharmacological studies done on an important medicinal plant Annona muricata. The plant possess the major pharmacological activities includes Anti-viral activity, Anti-oxidant Activity, Larvicidal activity, Anti-inflammatory activity, Antipediculicidal activity, Anti-bacterial activity and wound healing. It also has the anti-carcinogenic and cytotoxic effect. The present study revealed that immunostimulant A. muricata extract fed Fenerropenaeus indicus exhibited had increased total haemocyte count, oxyhaemocyte count and  decreased time of coagulase activity.  The biochemical parameters such as protein and carbohydrate and immunological parameters were significantly (P < 0.01) differed from the control groups to experimental groups.

Background: It is well known that thyroid dysfunction as well as adipokines have an important effect on lipid profile. However, the effect of adipokines on lipid profile in hyperthyroid patients is not well elucidated.
Objective: This study aimed to examine changes in serum lipid profile and to evaluate the correlation between these changes and the adipokines chemerin, visfatin and omentin in Saudi female patients with hyperthyroidism.
Materials and Methods: A total of 140 participants were recruited for this study. The participants were sub-grouped as a control group (n = 70) and hyperthyroid patient group (n = 70). Serum adipokines (chemerin, visfatin and omentin), lipid profile, thyroid profile (TSH, FT3, FT4, TT3, TT4 and Thyroxine) and thyroglobulin were measured for all participants.
Results: Serum concentrations of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) were significantly lower in the hyperthyroid patients than in the control group. Thyroid hormones TT3 and TT4 were positively correlated with triglycerides, while FT3 was negatively correlated with total cholesterol and LDL-c. Although visfatin and omentin showed no significant correlation with lipid profile, chemerin was positively correlated with triglycerides and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). 
Conclusion: The changes in chemerin concentration that occur in hyperthyroid patients play a role in regulating lipid metabolism and may lead to dyslipidemia.
 

Objectives:  To evaluate the effect of  glycemic  control on umbilical and  fetal middle cerebral arteries Doppler indices in pregestational diabetic pregnant women.
Methods: 60  insulin-dependent pregestational  diabetic pregnant women were included and equally divided into two groups according to HbA1C levels namely; controlled diabetics ( HbA1C < 6.5 %) and uncontrolled diabetics (HbA1C ≥ 6.5 %). UA, MCA Doppler indices (resistance index and pulsatility index) and Cerebroplacental Doppler ratio were measured for every patient.
Results:  There was no statistically significant differences in umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery Doppler indices and cerebroplacental ratio between the controlled & uncontrolled pregestational diabetic pregnant women.
Conclusion:Doppler indices of placental or fetal circulation are unaffected by maternal glycemic control in pregestational diabetic pregnant women.

Purpose- The purpose of the research is to explore relationship between managerial competencies and demographic characteristics of professionals at mid-managerial level in Disaster Management sector in Delhi.
Design/Methodology/approach- To address the primary aim, a questionnaire is constructed based on the review of literature, appreciative inquiry, and focus group discussions. The sample size of the respondents is 52. For this study, simple random sampling was adopted. The research design includes exploration of the competencies required by the Disaster Management professionals followed by a descriptive research design for designing the characteristics of all the identified variables. Data from the questionnaires were coded and entered accordingly into the SPSS statistical software.
Findings- The results revealed that there exists a significant difference in the competencies of the Disaster Management Professionals in relation to demographic variables working at mid-managerial level in Delhi.
Research limitations/implications- The study was conducted with a small sample size with the respondents based in Delhi only that also on a few important managerial competencies.
Practical implications- The present empirical study should help focus on the competency models for selection, training, and performance management of the disaster management professionals in Delhi.
Originality /value- The study is the first of its type to the author’s knowledge exploring about relationship between demographics and competencies possessed by the mid managerial level disaster management professionals in Delhi.

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) plays a significant role in Internet of Things (IoT) and it incorporated to the physical atmosphere for observing the parameters like temperature, pressure and so on. The nodes in WSN are limited interms of energy, storage, bandwidth and computation. As the communication cost is greater when compared to sensing and processing cost, a number of data compression models are applied to minimize the quantity of data being forwarded in the network. This paper introduces a new Bit Reduction with Burrows Wheeler Transform called BR-BWT based data compression technique in WSN. The presented BR-BWT model performs encoding of data in two ways namely bit reduction using codeword allocation and BWT based encoding processes. Initially, a bit reduction process takes place using predefined codeword allocation process to determine the codeword for every character in the WSN data. Besides, the BWT based compression process takes place to further compresses the bit reduced data. To validate the performance of the BR-BWT model, a real time WSN dataset is tested and the results are discussed under diverse aspects.

Coronavirus is an epidemic that greatly distresses people all over the globe. The similarities amongst the COVID-19 and other lung diseases are highly equivalent and it makes it difficult to diagnose it. The currently presented deep learning (DL) models offer a method to identify the presence of COVID-19 from the radiological images. In this view, this paper presents a new deep convolutional neural network based AlexNet model with Gradient Boosting Tree (DCNNAN-GBT) model for COVID-19 diagnosis and classification. The presented DCNNAN-GBT model involves Gaussian filtering (GF) based preprocessing approach to remove the noise exists in the radiological images. In addition, AlexNet model is employed as a feature extractor to derive a useful set of feature vectors. Besides, GBT model is applied as a classification technique to allocate proper class labels to the input images. A wider experimental analysis was performed to highlight the effective COVID-19 diagnostic outcome. The experimental results pointed out that the DCNNAN-GBT model has resulted in a maximum average sensitivity of 94.32%, specificity of 93.10%, and accuracy of 94.13%.

Wireless technologies gained great popularity for the past two decades. Laptop and smart phones are some wireless devices and being essential for our daily lives. Wireless Adhoc Network(WANET) or Mobile Adhoc Network(MANET) is a decentralized type of Wireless Network whereas mobile nodes joined without having any pre-established infrastructure or any other kind of fixed stations. Due to this nature of mobility and lack of authorization facilities, MANET may compromise by any malicious activities easily. Therefore handing over reliable and efficient data transfer is very crucial. Clustering is a process where nodes are divided into several groups as to increases scalability and to decreases network overhead. This paper proposed an algorithm namely Weight Based Clustering Algorithm (WBCA) towards to form reliable clusters of trusted nodes only as to sustain stability and flexibility of the network. Experiment results expose that the proposed clustering algorithm produces reliable clusters than Weight Clustering Algorithm (WCA) over some set of simulation scenarios.

The information generated from different sources such as mobile devices, sensors, web cameras in day to day life is growing exponentially and is processed in big data. These processed data have become high important for all the major domains, such as research, business and industry. One of the big data processing platform is the Apache Spark which can handle both batch processing and real time streaming data. Cloud computing which can provide required resources are used to meet the real time processing requirements of streaming applications. In a virtualized cloud environment, where multiple big data applications are deployed, the performance interference can also affect the performance of the streaming tasks resulting in the performance degradation of the jobs. Association Rule Mining is the algorithm used to find the strongly related patterns between itemsets. FP-Growth algorithm is the widely used Association Rule mining algorithm. In this paper, the parallel FP-Growth algorithm is implemented in Spark Framework. The execution time is reduced and the cost is optimized by effective utilization of  Spark resources with heterogeneous resource allocation.

The authors conducted logopedic and orthodontic inspection 2284 (from them 1115 boys and 1169 girls) children living in Tashkent, in the age of from 6 till 14 years. For revealing prevalence and interrelation of infringement pronunciation at children with anomaly and deformation dentition systems the technique of complex treatment (orthodontic and logopedic) children of a replaceable bite also is developed. For definition of the orthodontic and logopedic status of surveyed children carried out clinical researches and functional tests, and also, necessarily, anthopometrical measurements. By means of special functional tests spent the functional speech tests directed on definitions of normal or pathological character pronunciation. Carried out researches have allowed to reveal high enough prevalence dentition anomalies and deformations at 1496 children from 2284 (65,49 %), and at 824 (36,08 %) - defects pronunciation. Duly revealing, drawing up and carrying out of a comprehensive plan of treatment and preventive actions are the mortgage of successful elimination dentition anomalies and deformations dental of some at children. Only joint activity of experts of medical and pedagogical structures has allowed to eliminate in due time and effectively anatomic infringements in a structure of the bodies participating in an articulation, and to correct maxillofacial development of an organism of children as a whole.

The article is devoted to the problematic issues of the formation and assessment of the market capitalization of commercial banks, the conditions for the formation of equity capital, the goals of investment and increasing the capitalization of Uzbek banks. On the example of three commercial banks of various forms of ownership, the authors estimated the market value of shares based on the use of international methods. The problems of attracting private investment in the development of banking activities are identified and proposals are made to improve the efficiency of their assessment and attraction.

The study was carried out at the end of 2019 and until mid-2020 aimed at identifying the genetic variation between the types of  P. americana cockroach isolated from two areas in the city of Samarra, the district of Al-Mutassim and the center of Samarra and the work of comparing it with the international species.
Ten samples of adult P. americana cockroaches were isolated DNA also the analysis of the S28 gene to make the sequence of nitrogenous bases and compare with the global species registered in the Global Genebank.
The results of the current study showed that the best area for the extract of DNA is the mitochondria from the chest area, and the results of the S28 gene amplification showed that there is a percentage of 99% convergence between the species found in the city of Samarra, and also convergence with the global species registered in the Global Genebank, especially with samples from Iran and the United States of America, by 99%.

Cloud and Internet of Things incorporation (IoT), referred to as Cloud IoT, has been deemed an enabler for Lots of distinct implementations. Nevertheless the suspicion of the security problem is one of the key issues that some organizations are hesitant to implement such technologies, while some simply dismiss the technologies. security problem when incorporating Cloud IoT into their business. Therefore, given the numerous choices of cloud-resource providers and IoT devices, how to evaluate their security level becomes an important issue to promote the adoption of Cloud IoT as well as reduce the business security risks. In order to solve this issue, we are designing an end-to-end security assessment system based on Software Defined Network (SDN) to determine the security level for the provided Cloud IoT offering, considering the value of business data in Cloud IoT. Specially, in order to simplify the network controls and focus on the analysis about the data flow through Cloud IoT, we develop a three-layer framework by integrating SDN and Cloud IoT, which consists of 23 different indicators to describe its security features. Then, industry and academic interviews are conducted to recognize the value of these features for overall protection. In addition, our system can efficiently determine the level of protection that can assist customers in their Cloud IoT collection, provided the related evidence from the Cloud IoT offering, Google Brillo and Microsoft Azure IoT Suite.

Let be a polynomial of degree   having no zero zero in,, then for , Dewan and Bidkham [J. Math. Anal. Appl., 166(1992), 319-324] proved                                                               .                                                              
The result is bestpossible and extremal polynomial is.
In this paper, by involving certain coefficients of the polynomial, we prove a result concerning the estimate of maximum modulus of derivative of, which not only improves as well as generalizes the above result, but also has interesting consequences.  

Determination of refractive index of liquids and solvents at various temperatures is of paramount importance in several chemical, pharmaceutical, bio-chemical, food processing, etc., industries. In the measurement of a parameter, the degree of accuracy plays a crucial role in deciding the application of the substance to a specific purpose. In the present paper a spectroscopic signal enabled refractive index sensor operating at the temperature range of 10^oC to 60^oC using a source of 660nm wavelength, which offers sensitivity of the order of fifth decimal place has been described. The present experimental setup consists of a borosilicate uniform U-shaped glass rod connected between a source of 660nm and a benchmark power detector. The working principle of the sensor involves the interaction between the evanescent wave of U-shaped glass rod and external medium consisting of mixture of Toluene and 1-Butanol at different temperatures ranging from 10^oC to 60^oC. The absorption of evanescent wave by the chemical solution used to attenuate and modulate the intensity of the light in the U-shaped glass of the fiber. The relationship between absorbing property of the external medium and the intensity of the light reaching the detector at various temperatures can provide the calibration of the sensor, which in turn used to measure the refractive index of liquids either dark or transparent in the temperature range of 10^oC to 60^oC.

Anew mixed compound complexes derived from 2-phenyl-2-(o-tolylamino) Acetonitrile as primary ligand (L1) and histidine (L2) as secondary ligand have been prepared and characterized by conventional techniques, elemental microanalysis (C.H.N), Fourier transform infrared, ultra violet-visible spectra, , flame atomic absorption, molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility measurement and ¹H-NMR spectra. From IR data which appear  chelating behavior of the amino acid ligand (L2) toward transition metal ions is via carboxylate oxygen, amino nitrogen and imidazol nitrogen as tridentate ligand while second ligand (L1) chelating through N-nitrile and N-aniline, according to all above technics the octahedral shapes were expected for these complexes as proposed. The molar conductivity confirms the non-electrolytic nature of both cobalt(II),copper(II) and Zinc((II)  complexes. Accordingly the suggested formula of cobalt, copper and zinc complexes could be [CoClL1L2].H2O, [CuClL1L2] and [ZnClL1L2] respectively.  

Placental thickness and its usefulness in diagnosing the gestational age have been long commented. Many studies have been done to understand the relationship. But never has it been done in the local population. This study helps us to understand the relationship between the thickness and the maturity in terms of the gestational age. This study puts in a sincere effort to be of immense help to the local radiologists, obstetricians and embryologists.

This article is devoted to pharmacoeconomics and patients’ compliance to the therapy of iron deficiency anemia. These directions are relatively young in science and their importance often remains underestimated by most specialists. Pharmacoeconomics’ main goal is to determine the most optimal medicine for treating the disease’s cost-effectiveness ratio. Therefore, this review presents the main facts that determine the therapeutic efficacy of specific iron preparations and their clinical and economic analysis results. It also provides the statistical and theoretical substantiation of the significance of research and control of patients’ compliance in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia.   

The aim of this work is to study the possibility of using artificial neural networks to identify and characterize pathologies in blood vessels.  The studies carried out to analyze the results of Doppler ultrasound of the arteries of the lower extremities and to find the position and characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques in the longitudinal section of the carotid artery.  Because of the study, models of neural networks were designed that can solve the assigned tasks with an error of no more than 9%.

online Learning is enacted as an effort to prevent the spread of covid-19. Various limitations and obstacles encountered during the process of online learning in the pandemic demanded adaptation better than educators and learners. Students need to do self-adjustment in learning and are expected to have the self efficacy to master and complete a task in online learning. Educators need to do the management of cognitive load in learning. The purpose of the study to determine the effect of self efficacy against the cognitive load in online learning in the pandemic covid-19. Quantitative research methods are correlational, involving 316 respondents. The process of data collection is done online. The results of the univariate analysis showed the majority of respondents have the level of self efficacy is high enough (27,2%), cognitive load category (73,1%). Most of the respondents have ICL the moderate category (66,8%), the ECL moderate category (71,8%) and all respondents have a GCL category (100%). Bivariate analysis using the correlation provided by kendall's tau-b shows there is significant influence the level of self efficacy of respondents to rate the cognitive load of the respondents where the value of Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.048% ownership of < 0.05, with the degree of influence of level of self efficacy of the respondents on the level of cognitive load that is very strong (of 0.96). Based on the results of the study, it is expected that lecturers can optimize the ability of students and develop values/character that support to increase self efficacy of students and make improvements learning strategies to reduce cognitive load of students.

A simple, sensitive, reproducible, accurate and precise RP-HPLC method was developed for simultaneous estimation of Irbesartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in tablet dosage form. The chromatographic separation was achieved on Quails 5 BDS C18 column (250 x 4.6mm, particle size 5µ) in low pressure gradient mode with mobile phase Acetonitrile: water (pH adjusted to 3.3 with orthophosphoric acid)in the ratio (42:58 v/v). The flow rate and injection volume were 1.1ml/min and 10 µL respectively and monitored on a PDA detector at 254nm. The developed method was found to be linear for Irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide in the range of 12-84µg/ml and 1-7µg/ml with correlation coefficient (r²) 0.9997 and 0.9992 respectively. The proposed method was validated as per ICH Q2B guidelines. Assay of the marketed formulation was found to be 98.26% and 98.47% for Irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide respectively. In accuracy study the percentage recovery at three different levels was found to be in the range of 98.80% to 101.78%.

Background: Iron deficiency is the most prevalent form of malnutrition and the most common cause of iron deficiency anemia in female athletes across worldwide. It has been shown to impact overall health as well as the physical performance of female athletes.
Objective: To provide a literature review on the prevalence of iron deficiency with or without anemia in female athletes and to understand its effects on health and sports performance.
Methods: International databases Google Scholar, PubMed and MEDLINE were searched using combinations of the keywords: ‘iron deficiency’, ‘iron status’, ‘iron-deficiency anemia’, ‘female athletes’, ‘sports performance’, ‘causes’, ‘health consequences’. Studies were conducted only on female athletes from 2000 to 2020 and published in English included in the present study. The present study included varied study designs like cross-sectional studies or surveys, controlled clinical trial studies, descriptive studies, comparative studies, retrospective, and correlational studies.
Results: A total of 11 studies have been included in this review based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most of the studies had reported low hemoglobin levels and low iron status in female athletes (15 to 35 years) of different sports. It has been found that there was a high prevalence of iron deficiency with or without anemia in female athletes.
Conclusion: It concluded that female athletes are at higher prevalence of developing iron-deficiency and anemia. Iron deficiency (with or without anemia) may severely affect an athlete’s ability to perform at an optimal level. Proper health education to increase knowledge about anemia, as well as its causative factors, iron store screening, appropriate nutritional education and iron supplementation are warranted.

Ultrasonography is right now the choice of immediate diagnostics and USG is one tool which is available throughout the length and breadth of the country. Ultrasonography guided biopsy procedure is practised throughout our country and is quiet reliable also. The biopsy procedure requires good set of skills and in the hands of a trained interventional radiologist the procedure is quiet successful. The complications are known and have been reported rarely but a complete dedicated study is the need of the hour. So this study puts in an effort to find the complications that we face during if any and after the procedure.

   Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a monoclonal malignancy characterized by an accumulation of small and mature looking B lymphocytes in the blood, bone marrow and other tissues. The B-lymphocytes developed in a wrong way lead to an immune disorder, and are typically characterized by expression of some of CD markers as (CD5,CD38 and ZAP-70) determined by immunophenotyping. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which immunological, biochemical, and molecular parameters are altered in CLL patients, and the potential of applying these alterations as biomarkers for CLL in Iraqi patients.
    the present study included 64 patients of CLL and 48 healthy individuals were investigated for Notch homolog 1, translocation-associated (Drosophila) (NOTCH1) c.7544-7545delCT, The presence of NOTCH1 mutations were confirmed by genomic DNA sequencing. The NOTCH1 mutation was detected in 15% of patients and not detected in the control group.
    The current study established the frequency of NOTCH1 mutations in patients with CLL from the iraqi population of the National Center of Hematology AL-Mustansiriyah University and Hematology Department of Baghdad Medical City. In summary, a high frequency of NOTCH1 and SF3B1 mutations were identified in patients with CLL compared with healthy individuals, and the NOTCH1 mutation was found in 15% of CLL patients The alignment results of the 341 bp samples revealed the presence of only one genetic variation variably distributed in some of the analyzed samples patients in comparison with the referring NOTCH1 genetic sequences , The identified variations were only found to be confined with the targeted rs763016003 frameshift variant. In a total of eleven investigated samples, S2, S3, S5, and S7 were placed as control, while the rest of the samples (S15, S19, S20, S31, S41, S49, and S51) belonged to patients. The targeted rs763016003 frameshift variant was not found in all involved control samples. Meanwhile, this rs763016003 variant was found in most of the patient samples (S15, S19, S31, S41, S49, and S51).

Background
The leading reason for neonatal death  may be attributed to preterm delivery or low birth weight infants. In addition, it also causes long term neuro-developmental disturbances, and several other morbidities. Plethora of studies done in the past have associated preterm delivery with diseases occuring in the periodontium.
Aim
The aim of the study was to establish the association between periodontitis occuring in pregnancy and pre-term/low birth weight among infants. (PLBW).
Method
A total of 180 patients  were enrolled for this study. The pregnant women were designated based on the weight of their infants,as cases (<2500 g and <37 weeks) and controls (≥2500 g and ≥37 weeks). A questionnaire was used to assess the association between risk factors  for periodontal diseases with risk factors of low birth weight such as age of the mother,  hemoglobin levels, history of previous deliveries, history of previous LBW deliveries, history of dental treatment, and periodontal status from maternal medical record. In this study, nursing mothers who had minimum of four teeth with probing depth ≥4 mm and clinical attachment loss ≥3 mm, with bleeding on probing at the same site, were categorized as cases with periodontitis. The birth weight of the infants were obtained through the hospital medical records. The association between maternal peritontal status and pregnancy outcome was evaluated using the chi-square test, considering confounders.
Results
Among the post partum mothers, the prevalence of periodontal disease was 33% among the cases and 29% among the control group.The levels of periodontitis had a significantly association with low birth weight/preterm infant. Moderate clinical symptoms were seen in both cases and controls. Other co-morbidities were not significant with maternal outcome.
Conclusion
The present study suggests a remarkable association between periodontal disease and low birth weight/ Preterm babies and highlights periodontal inflammation as an independent risk factor.Good oral hygiene practices and routine prenatal visits are a key to avoid  obstetric complications like low birth weight/ preterm.

Water plays major role in biodiversity conservation hence the need for its protection. The integrity of an aquatic ecosystem can be accessed through the physico-chemistry and phytoplankton structure. Samples were collected monthly from the study site for 12 months from July 2016 to July, 2017. Nutrient concentration (phosphate) was comparatively higher in the dry season than south west and North West monsoon. Four phytoplankton divisions including Bacillariophyceae (29species), Chlorophyceae (19 species), Chrysophyceae (12 species), and Myxophyceae (09 species) were identified. The most dominant among the pollution indicators were Pleurosigma directum, Synedra nana and Euglena granulate.  Phytoplankton count also registered higher value during non-rainy months.  The distribution of the plankton shows that they are sensitive to changes in levels of nutrients and other interactions with one another and with other factors. As such the plankton can be good indicators of water quality. The seasonal and spatial distribution of the plankton in this study shows that, they are sensitive to changes in levels of nutrients and other interactions with one another and with other factors. As such the plankton can be good indicators of water quality.

Anti-thyroid peroxides antibody and Thyroglobulin antibody is a member of thyroid autoantibodies which are important in inducing and also diagnosing autoimmune thyroid diseases. Thyroid autoimmunity can cause several thyroid disorders including Graves’s disease, Hashimoto thyroiditis, atrophic autoimmune thyroiditis, hypothyroidism, postpartum thyroiditis, and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves disease are the two most common types, sharing many features immunologically. Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody and Thyroglobulin antibody is important in diagnosing autoimmune thyroid diseases and judging treatment efficacy. To evaluate the relationship between serum levels of anti-TPO antibody and Thyroglobulin antibody with thyroid function test parameters (T3, T4, and TSH) in hypothyroidism patients. The levels of T3 (Mean - 157.81andStandard Deviation - 43.99), T4 (Mean - 12.39, and Standard Deviation - 3.43) and TSH (Mean -5.52and Standard Deviation - 2.66) are raised anti-TPO antibody and Thyroglobulin antibody titers. A correlation between TSH and T4 levels and abnormal anti-TPO antibody andThyroglobulin antibodywas detected (P <0.000) in hypothyroidism patients. Our results confirm the correlation between thyroid function test with anti-TPO antibodyand Thyroglobulin antibodyvalues, indicating suggested that, a through clinical examination and follow up of individuals with high anti-TPO antibody and Thyroglobulin antibodytiter.

In this paper, we recognize Indian Sign Language using gyroscope and accelerometer. The gestures are collected using gyroscope and accelerometer, which is fitted on both the arms of the signer. Gyroscope captures the arm and hand rotation gestures accurately and the accelerometer measures gestures related to vibrations. The obtained gestures are evaluated based on amplitude levels as approved gestures and unapproved gestures.The gesture with high accuracy is extracted from the approved gestures by means of feature extraction technique, where we fix the scale using prior initial values. Min-max scaling method is used in the extraction technique. A particular feature is selected and the selected feature from the dataset is subjected to improved K – means algorithm where clusters are formed. Based on this cluster a classifier is implemented which uses the distance probability technique and thereby the accuracy of the selected feature is found. The algorithm based on inertial sensors produces anaccuracy of 96.55% for alphabets and 76.8% for sub words the static gestures are recognized effectively by the hand orientation and improved k-means classifier than the continuous gestures

Now a day’s college Professor    faces lot of stress problems in their job. They have been fit prepared for every day work. Professor    are affected by various  stress  factors like age, increased workloads, need to hit deadlines, long working hour, increase in temporary contracts, lone working, travelling time, lack of regular breaks  and monthly income are dependent to the level of stress. The present study was conducted to clarify the Professor    observation towards job-related stress using well-known questions and data that are collected from different colleges. To evaluate the opinion and find out the level of stress which the faculties are highly affected among the three levels of stress types like acute stress, episodic stress, and chronic stress using data mining techniques.

An individual's assessment of the results achieved by analyzing how far his behavior in fulfilling his ideal is a picture of one's self-esteem. Low self-esteem is an individual's assessment of personal originating from an individual's assessment or from outside the individual obtained by analyzing behavior with an ideal self, in the form of negative feelings towards the ability of the individual itself, in overcoming the problem of patients with low self-esteem can be given cognitive therapy. This study aims to determine the effect of cognitive therapy on changes in self-esteem in patients with low self-esteem at Prof. Dr. M. Ildrem Mental Hospital in Medan. The design of this study is a Quasi-experimental group pre-test-post test design without control. The population in this study were all patients with low self-esteem as many as 47 people, with a sample of 22 respondents with a purposive sampling technique and statistical tests used the mc-Neymar test. The results of this study before being given cognitive therapy all respondents experienced low self-esteem of 22 respondents (100%) and after being given cognitive therapy, respondents' self-esteem became high as many as 19 respondents (86.4%) and compressed the value of p = 0,000 <0.05. The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant influence by providing cognitive therapy to self-esteem in patients with low self-esteem.

The innovative application of modern smartphone and wearable health applications and sensor technology (mHealth) has the ability to reduce health care expenses and in other respects enhance well-being. These apps are being developed in a number of areas, but there is a need for comprehensive research to investigate the possibilities and complexities of utilizing mobile devices to enhance health outcomes. Currently data for mHealth’s efficacy is scarce. While such innovations can be enticing and apparently innocuous, work is required to determine what, when, and for whom successful mHealth tools, applications, and systems are. This paper demonstrates mHealth Technologies in the following categories: assessment of interventions; assessment of evaluations; and reshaping the collection of proof utilizing mHealth. To describe an approach to the production of evidence in the mHealth domain that will ensure work is carried out on a robust methodological and theoretical basis. This paper draws together these principles to explain existing expectations of assessment, address potential prospects, and set an ambitious target for the developing area of mHealth science.

Now it's been seen that individuals with drugs and alcohol have dysfunctions, including internal and isolationist cingulates, in the brain areas that are important for interactive communication. Such peoples may not use adequate neuronal power to manage disturbances in their body, but may overactivate these processes during the treatment of narcotic-related stimulation. Ineffectual detection and analysis may therefore create insufficient expectations and willingness to adjust to climate. interceptive state changes are not acceptable.Here, the combination of interoceptive dysfunction in opiate addicts with neurology and meditation was created to establish a probabilistic therapy to treat the proprioceptive treatment as alternative treatments for drug abuse. Next, it is proposed to attenuate interactive and insular activation mechanisms through consciousness-based strategies. Secondly, an emerging literature shows that insula and anterior cingulate cortex are regulated by physical brain function and that the heavy exercise of the physicist is associated to development of insula, which can provide a vantage point for a more successful reactive interception reaction. The conclusion that an approach to modern opioid abuse therapy is the conceptual structure of inter-oceptive dysfunction and empirical studies in action and meditation. The research reviews available studies on epidemiology, scientific causes and public policy consequences of prescription substances misuse. Research on the interaction of medications with other legal and illegal substances, the effects of life-long prescription drug addiction, co - morbidity illnesses, adequate drug treatment, and successful government policy interventions to minimize opioid addiction include research.

The Transversarium Foramen is a void between one of the transverse pathways surrounding the vertebral artery, venus, and a nerve-like plexus. Special transverse cervical process system created by fusion with the body of remains of the costumes and a true transversal process. Atlas that transmits a vascular bundle of the spine. The purpose of this research is to investigate anatomy and, where appropriate, improvements in the Atlas Foramen transversarium (FT), which may degrade the course of the vertebral artery to insufficiency. In vertebrates, the cervical vertebrae are just behind the skull. The cervical vertebrae, given their size, have the great work in supporting the brain. Defense of the spine and stability of the head and arms. A common function of the transversal process of cervical vertebras is the transversal foramen. Both cervical vertebras excluding the seventh cervical vertebrae transfer lower cervical, vertebral and sympathetic fibers. Foramen transverse is present.

Multiplier is the common hardware block present in any processor. Floating point multiplier’s can be found in electronic systems that run complex calculations especially in DSP processor. The Floating point numbers are commonly used in numerous applications because of their effective capability in representation of numbers. The feasible way of presenting real numbers in binary format is done by using FP numbers. A 24 bit Vedic multiplier using GDI technique is designed in this paper. Multiplication of two numbers will take more time and many steps. For the unsigned mantissa multiplication in the FP multiplier the Vedic mathematics sutra called UT is used. Any logic circuit can be designed by using CMOS logic. The CMOS logic will consumes more area. The numbers of transistors in the circuit are reduced by using GDI logic. Thus the Vedic mathematics will reduce the delay and the GDI logic will reduce the transistors count in a circuit which in turn reduces the power.

Biodiesel is the best alternative fuel to Petroleum Diesel, as it is renewable and environmental friendly. The attenuation of ultrasonic waves of fixed frequency of2 MHz for two commercially available biodiesels, Cotton Seed Oil Methyl Esters (CSOME) and Palm Stearin Methyl Esters (PSME) and their blends with Petroleum Diesel (PD), were studied using an ultrasonic interferometer after long – term storage of two years. Between the two biodiesels, CSOME is rich in unsaturated Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) and the PSME in saturated FAME. The results showed that there was distortion in the amplitude variation of ultrasonic waves and indicates the presence of insoluble particles due to scattering of ultrasonic waves. The two biodiesels and blends followed a specific trend of amplitude distortion. The ultrasonic absorption estimated was found to be lower than fresh biodiesels and blends except for 30 %, 40 % and 50 % volume blends of PSME biodiesel for which ultrasonic absorption was more than the corresponding fresh blends. The percentage of changes in ultrasonic absorption was in the range 56.92 to 95.86 for stored CSOME blends.For PSME blends the corresponding range was 45.71 to 121.53.The change in ultrasonic absorption for PSME blends was sharp when compared to CSOME blends. The net ultrasonic attenuation is majorly due to scattering. The nature of scattering was different for both the biodiesels and blends that were reflected in amplitude distortions. Ultimately, it was concluded that the ultrasonic attenuation strongly depends on fatty acid profiles of biodiesels.
 

For daily use, for agriculture, and for industrial purpose water plays an important role in society so that people will dig bore wells. If the bore well doesn’t provide any water after so many efforts, some bore wells will be left open by some careless people. Unfortunately, children will fall into the borewell when they are playing. In order to save the child from bore well, we have developed a Robotic system which saves the child with in less time when compared to the traditional method. In this design, it contains a Transmitter and Receiver. Where Transmitter will be sent into the bore wells and we can monitor the situation in mobile or laptop with live video streaming in the receiver section. The transmitter is a Robot that will send for 25 Feet of distance in bore well with various sensors, a Raspberry pi camera to shoot the video and a microphone to record the audio, high power LED.

In the main process, research into health requests is immovable among the different requests of IoT. Healthcare requests generally reflect close attention to IoT techniques due to cost savings, ease of interpretation, and recovery of patients personal satisfaction. This paper helps to imagine how IoT can be incorporated into complex health care procedures. The "Mobile Healthcare Management System (HMS)" is one of the main IoT apps that link the Internet to mobile sensors, people, clinicians, networks and other connected devices. The failed method, the IoT-based smart HMS, has made it possible for clinicians to monitor their patients in remote areas on an ongoing basis. The Internet of Things cooperates with numerous technologies, such as the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), which communicates with each other through Coap, 6LoWPAN, REST and other protocols, such as radio frequency data, smart mobile inventions and wireless sensor networks.

Radar designers utilize long pulse with a specific goal to acquire high energy for detection of the targets at long ranges and resolution of short Pulse by modulation of the long Pulse is known as Pulse compression. Through frequency or phase coding of the large bandwidth of signal can be achieved. In this technique, the performance of radar for a given application demands good autocorrelation property – to maintain low sidelobe levels at the matched filter output. One of the essential kinds of coding is the biphase code. Because these codes are easy to implement. The condition for the goodness of the transmitted codes depends upon the peak sidelobe level at the output of the matched filter. In this project, we tend to describe the optimization of biphase codes of larger length so that a high compression ratio can be achieved. Though the barker codes are the well-known biphase codes these are available only for lengths upto13. It means with the help of barker code one can achieve the compression ratio only up to 13.  Therefore, there is a need of searching higher length codes. In this work particle swarm optimization algorithm is used for the optimization of biphase codes up to 105. The results obtained are encouraging.  For the code lengths, 60 to 64 the PSL = 4 and as length increases the results acquired are better. Further, the sidelobes are suppressed by designing a mismatched filter. It is shown that the sidelobes are appreciably at the cost of some signal-to-noise ratio.

The COVID-19 pandemic keeps on devastatingly affecting the wellbeing and prosperity of the worldwide populace. To reduce the rapid spread of the COVID-19 virus primary screening of the infected patient repeatedly is a need. Medical imaging is an essential tool for faster diagnosis to fight against the virus. Early diagnosis on chest radiography shows the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infected images shows variations from the Normal images. Deep Convolution Neural Networks shows an outstanding performance in the medical image analysis of Computed Tomography (CT) and Chest X-Ray (CXR) images. Therefore, in this paper, we designed a Deep Convolution Neural Network that detects COVID-19 infected samples from Pneumonia and Normal Chest X-Ray (CXR) images. We also construct the dataset that contains 6023 CXR images in which 5368 images are used for training and 655 images are used for testing the model for the three categories such as COVID-19, Normal, and Pneumonia. The proposed model shows outstanding performance with 97.74% accuracy and 96% average F-Score. The results prove that the model can be used for preliminary screening of the COVID-19 infection using radiological Chest X-Ray (CXR) images to accelerate the treatment for the patients under investigation (PUI) who need it most.
 

In differential flagging frameworks utilizing copper supports normal method signals remain the reason for absolution of electromagnetic vitality. Particularly fashionable Self-propelled Ethernet frameworks this remains a difficult issue. Adjacent to ancient grace aloof segments like regular mode stifles dynamic circuits can assist with lessening the outflow. This permits economical and asset rationing unshielded curved pair links towards remain utilized. This paper demonstrations the methodology of utilizing a blended sign controller circle dependent proceeding a comparator besides a 8 quantity DAC designed aimed at managing the basic approach voltage of an Automotive Ethernet DAC popular 28 nm CMOS. A constriction meant aimed at interface through frequencies active towards 500 kHz stands accomplished also comes to up to 15 dB by greatest. The control circle uses the progressive guess calculation normally utilized for delay bolted circles and DC tending to in blended sign circuits. Rather than known requests the presentation then convenience at higher frequencies stands measured now this paper. Existence a non-straight, time-variation framework a logical structure of the switch circle is actual difficult. In future parametrical calculations protest the reliance of reappearance, abundance also sign grouping of a practical elementary manner interferer substance.