ABSTRACT Introduction: Primary liver carcinomas are of two main types - Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). HCC originates from hepatocytes while ICC originates from bile ducts. HCC is the 5th most common carcinoma in the world and third most common death causing cancer but the most common cause of death in a patient with cirrhosis. In comparison to women, men are at risk to have HCC. HCC accounts for more than 80% of primary liver cancer cases worldwide (El-Serag & Rudolph, 2007). In USA five-year survival rate as per 2020 data on National Cancer Institute’s SEER database is 19.6 percent which can be further reduced to 2.5 % depending upon the severity of the disease. Aspects: The most common risk factors for the HCC are Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcohol consumption, liver cirrhosis and exposure to dietary toxins such as aflatoxins and aristolochic acid. The prognosis of the liver cancer is made by Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Staging System. Hepatic cirrhosis remains the most common cause of HCC despite any etiology affecting the prognosis, staging of the tumor and the liver's function. Depression and cancer go hand in hand, as per Lutgendorf and Anderson (2015) approximately 12% of cancer patients are suffering from depression. Now many studies are available online stating depression in HCC patients which is one of the most malignant tumors. A recent study by Chen, Huang, and Li in Taiwan (2019) states the worsening of psychological symptoms in different BCLC staging and treatment. It has been found through different studies that molecular changes in genes (gene2ensemble database), Hypocretin (Chunyun Pu et al), Glucocorticoids (Yawei Zhao et al) leads to depression in HCC patients. Methods and Techniques: This study has been carried out by reviewing articles present on PUBMED, Medline, Google scholar, WHO website, and gene2ensemble database up to 2022. Keywords used are cancer, Hepatocellular Liver carcinoma, aetiology, epidemiology, WHO, India, Canada, and USA. The depression was self measured in the patients using HAMD (Hamilton depression rating scale).