Background: One of the most common reasons to visit OPD in subjects of age less than 5 years is fever. Very little attention is given to UTIs (urinary tract infections) as the cause of fever compared to other infections getting more attention. Without evaluating UTIs adequately, antibiotics are commonly given to children empirically. To minimize lifelong morbidity and provide prompt treatment, identification of UTI in children with fever is vital. Aims:The present study was conducted to assess the UTI prevalence in subjects of age under 5 years and to assess the validity of urine culture and urine analysis for diagnosing urinary tract infection.