Cognitive and sensory impairment is part of the normal physiologic processes in the elderly. The risk factors associated with cognitive and sensory impairment are obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension. For the basic screening of a person, anthropometric measurements such as height, weight, BMI, weight circumference, waist-hip ratio are used. Neck circumference is a simple measurement that has been associated with cardiovascular risk factors. In this crosssectional study conducted in a rural area in Bhubaneswar, neck circumference of adults in the age group of 30 – 45 years and 46 – 70 years were assessed. Cognitive impairment was assessed using Mini-mental status examination and sensory impairment was assessed using the modified ASPQShort Version. The majority of the participants with cognitive and sensory impairment were females. In the age group of 46 – 70 years, cognitive and sensory impairment was 22% and 26% respectively. There was a significant difference in the neck circumference in both the age groups with and without cognitive and/ or sensory impairment (p < 0.05). There was no relationship between neck circumference with cognitive impairment (p = 0.406, p = 0.944) and sensory impairment (p = 0.763 p = 0.719). The study was concluded with the recommendation that neck circumference can be used as a tool to screen the level of cognition and sensory output of an individual.