An analysis of the leading sanitary-ecological factors of the environment affecting the incidence rates among the population of the Republic of Karakalpakstan in 2009-2018 found. The results of identifying socio-economic factors on the health of the population, obtained annually and analyzed in dynamics for at least five years, are an integral part of the socio-hygienic monitoring of the information and analytical basis of a comprehensive health risk management system and ensuring sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population.It is also necessary to create prerequisites for further special scientific research to establish causal relationships "socio-economic factors - health status of the population" and assess the risk of the influence of these factors. One of the main factors influencing the health of the population is the provision of the population with drinking water. We have studied the dynamics of the chemical pollution of water in open reservoirs by districts and zones of the Republic of Karakalpakstan.