Internal root resorption is a type of resorption as a result of chronic pulpal inflammation, following caries or due to trauma. The predentin and the odontoblast layer of the canal wall get damaged, leading to exposure of the underlying mineralized dentin to odontoclastsresulting in internal root resorption (IRR). This article discusses about the etiology, the clinical and radiographic diagnosis, the contribution of the three-dimensional imaging (CBCT) to the diagnosis, and the conservative and surgical management of IRR.