Background: Caudal epidural anaesthesia blocks dermatomes below the level of the umbilicus in children. Objectives:This study intends to compareropivacaine and bupivacaine for caudal anaesthesia in children undergoing lower abdominal surgery. Materials and methods: After the hospital ethics committee approval, 60 (ASA I–II) children scheduled for lower abdominal surgery were included in this study. Group A (n=30) patients received ropivacaine 0.25% and group B (n = 30) patients received bupivacaine 0.25% via the caudal route. We assessed the demographic and clinical characteristics, AIIMS pain score at 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours after operation and level of residual motor block (Bromage Scale)immediately after surgery and at 1, 2 and 3 hours post operatively.Data analysis was performed using one way ANOVA test.P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.