Background: The broad spectrum of biliary tract disease includes the most often diagnosed gallstone disease (cholelithiasis), cholecystitis, or biliary dyskinesia. The present study was conducted to assess etiology and outcome of cholelithiasis. Materials & Methods: This was a hospital based, “cohort” study to assess etiology and outcome of cholelithiasis. Data was collected. All the patients received UDCA treatment. A treatment response was considered complete dissolution of gallstones, as determined by USG. Chi square test, Student’s t test and Mann–Whitney U tests were conducted for comparisons of variables using SPSS 19.0. Statistical significance was set at 0.05 in all tests. Results: A total of 100 patients were enrolled in the study in which 40% were males and 60% were females. Maximum participants were of age group 31-40 years (32%). Most common etiology was advanced age (72%). Gallstones disappeared within six months after treatment 22 32% cases, and in 10% more by the end of 1.5 years. No change was observed in 58% cases. Conclusion: The present study concluded that advanced age was the most common etiological factor. Only 32% Gallstones disappeared within six months after treatment.