Objective:To assess the coverage rate of Japanese encephalitis vaccination and factors of non-compliance as reported by parents of selected areas of Khurdha. Methods:A non- experimental descriptive study was conducted where a totalof 320 samples were taken using total enumerative sampling and settings were included through purposive sampling. The data were collected by using a Socio-demographic Performa and Selfstructured Interview Schedule for assessing Japanese encephalitis vaccination coverage and factors of non-compliance. Result:The study found that the coverage rate of Japanese encephalitis vaccination was 62% in Odakhhanda&BadalaSasan of Kurunjipur G.P. of Balipatna block, Khurdha. The most dominant factor of Compliance with Japanese encephalitis vaccination was the Knowledge domain which is 58% and the major factors identified for non-compliance to Japanese encephalitis vaccination were Obstacles which constituted about 43.3% among all the factors as stated by the parents. The factors of compliance of Japanese encephalitis vaccination showed a significant association with the religion and the education of mother and factors of Non-compliance showed a significant association with religion, education of mother, education of father & source of information at 0.05 level of significance. There was no significant association established between factors of compliance and non- compliance with vaccination status as the ‘P’ value for the calculated chi-square value (P=0.99) is more at 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion: A clear understanding of the factors of compliance & non-compliance is required to increase the Japanese encephalitis vaccination coverage. compliance with vaccination status as the ‘P’ value for the calculated chi-square value (P=0.99) is more at 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion: A clear understanding of the factors of compliance & non-compliance is required to increase the Japanese encephalitis vaccination coverage.