Background: Workplace violence (WPV) is a serious worldwide concern, especially for health care professionals when compared with workers in other industries. Violence in the health care sector harms both patients and health care professionals and causes enormous economic losses. Victims of WPV show signs of anxiety, depression, and low efficiency in their work performance, which may decrease the quality of the service that they provide. Among health care professionals, nurses who have direct contact with patients face numerous risks related to WPV. Therefore, it is important to recognize risk factors that can be used to reduce the incidence of WPV against nurses. Emergency healthcare workers (HCWs) have a high risk of exposure to violence with negative personal consequences. Violence is an occupational hazard in hospitals. Occupational researches have gradually shifted focus from traditional, visible environmental risk factors, such as physical, chemical, biological exposure or ergonomic problems, to the invisible, psychological harm that maybe present in the workplace.