Background: Calprotectin was identified as an endogenous Toll-liken receptor 4 (TLR4) activator and as a receptor for progressive glycation end products (RAGE), Elevated Calprotectin plasma levels have been recorded in various chronic inflammatory conditions, expecting microvascular alterations in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Objective: To make an up to date review of Serum level of Calprotectin as a predictor for early diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes patients. Patients and methods: A total number of 90 subjects were included in the study after fulfillment of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Calprotectin was measured for all the 90 subjects. Results: Serum calprotectin levels were significantly higher in group III “diabetics with neuropathy” compared to group II “diabetics without neuropathy “and group I “healthy controls” Conclusion: In Type 2 diabetes patients with peripheral neuropathy, elevated levels of calprotectin have been identified.