Aim: The study aimed to review the literature on the effectiveness of microwave and chemical disinfection methods on denture base resins and their effects on physical properties such as hardness, roughness, dimensional stability, and colour stability. Methods: Online electronic databases such as PubMed-Medline, Embase, and Scopus were searched using appropriate keywords from the earliest available date till 12th January 2021 with no restriction on language. Additional sources like Google Scholar, major journals, unpublished studies, conference proceedings, and cross-references were explored. Information curated for data extraction included microwave and chemical disinfection methods on denture base resins and their effects on the physical properties such as hardness, roughness, dimensional stability, and colour stability. Results: Five articles out of 267 titles were found to meet the eligibility criteria. For surface properties, chemical disinfection led to comparatively smaller changes, and it created a rougher surface that can lead to plaque accumulation. Hardness was not much affected by any of the disinfectant methods. Hence, microwave disinfection showed better results amongst the two. Conclusion: Two methods used for the disinfection purpose effectively remove the denture microbial layer; however, the microwave method was more effective as it required less time for disinfection procedures. However, these studies were undertaken entirely in the laboratories under conditions that usually are different from the actual oral environment making the comparison and generalizability doubtful.