ABSTRACT Type 1 diabetes is one of the autoimmune diseases and is characterized by the destruction of beta cells in the pancreas, which leads to a complete loss or deficiency of the insulin hormone. This breakdown in beta cells is the result of several environmental, genetic, and oxidative factors are considered among the factors accused of destroying beta cells, so this study is designed to evaluate the effect of some oxidative factors in insulin dependent diabetes patients. The study includes 80 patients with type 1 diabetes compared with 40 healthy individuals as control group. The results showed a significant increase in the levels of total oxidant status (TOS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and Transferrin in diabetic patients and a significant decrease in the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) comparing with healthy control. The study also noted over expression (folding change) for COX 7B in T1DM patients. The study concludes that oxidative status and enzymatic and non-enzymatic endogenous antioxidants play an important roles in the breakdown of beta cells, and thus it is one of the suggested factors responsible for developing type 1 diabetes mellitus.